Abstract
Several natural forces conspire to change the landscape along the coastline. Over the longer, geological, time scales the coasts witness repeated sea-level fluctutions that manifest themselves as advances or retreats of the shoreline. But even on the shorter time scales the coastal terrain is open to assault from a dynamic array of oceanic, atmospheric and tectonic processes, and stresses generated by them can lead to significant changes in the physical and ecological systems. Man’s activities, both along the coast and in the hinterland, often exacerbate these stresses. For example, subsidence of the coastal areas, although a natural consequence of sediment loading, can be accelerated by human activities, causing relative sea-level rise to accelerate rapidly in some areas. Similarly, anthropogenically accelerated global warming may lead to greater hazards along the coastlines around the world. Thus, an overall integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) plan must take into account both the short- and the long-term, gobai as well as local, factors that influence the coastal areas.
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Haq, B.U. (1997). Regional and Global Oceanographic, Climatic and Geological Factors in Coastal Zone Planning. In: Haq, B.U., Haq, S.M., Kullenberg, G., Stel, J.H. (eds) Coastal Zone Management Imperative for Maritime Developing Nations. Coastal Systems and Continental Margins, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1066-4_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1066-4_4
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