Skip to main content

Dictyoptera (Cockroaches and Mantids)

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology

Abstract

Antennae almost invariably filiform, with numerous segments. Mouthparts mandibulate. Legs similar to each other or fore legs raptorial; coxae large and rather closely approximated; tarsi almost always 5-segmented. Fore wings modified into more or less thickened tegmina and with marginal costal vein. Wing-pads of nymph do not undergo reversal during development. Female with reduced ovipositor concealed by enlarged 7th abdominal sternum. Male genitalia complex, asymmetrical and largely concealed by 9th abdominal sternum which bears a pair of styles. Cerci many-segmented. Specialized stridulatory and auditory organs absent. Eggs contained in ootheca.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature on the Dictyoptera

  • ADAIR, E. V. (1913), Notes sur la ponte et l’éclosion de Miomantis savignyi (Sauss.), Bull. Soc. ent. Egypte, 3, 117–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • ADAM, J. P. AND LEPOINTE, J. (1948), Recherches sur le morphologie des sternites et des pleurites des Mantes, Bull. Mus. natn. Hist. nat. Paris, (2), 20, 169–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • ARORA, G. L. AND SINGH, I. (1957), Mantodean oothecae, Res. Bull. Punjab Univ. (Zoology), 105, 261–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bei-Bienko, G. Y. (1950), Fn. USSR. Insects: Blattodea, Inst. Zool. Acad. Sci. URSS (N.S.), 40, 343 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1934–35), Mantodea, Genera Insect., 196, 1–36; 197, 1–10; 198, 1-g; 200, 1–32; 201, 1–9; 203, 1–146.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1939), Die geographische Verbreitung der Mantodeen, Verh. J. int. Kongr. Ent., 1, 5–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1961), Arthropoda. Insecta. Ăśberordnung: Blattopteroidea Martynov 1938, Ordnung Blattodea Brunner 1882, In: Bronn’s Klassen u. Ordnungen des Tierreichs, 5, III. Abt., 6. Buch, 3. Lief., 587–848.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1964), Blattopteroidea Mantodea, In: Bronn’s Klassen u. Ordnungen des Tierreichs, 5, 3. Abt., 5. Lief., 849–970.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1968), Mantodea (Fangheuschrecken), In: Helmcke, J.-G., Starck, D. AND Wermuth, H., Handbuch der Zoologie, 4 (2), Lief., 4: 47 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • BEIER, M. (1974), Ordnung Blattariae (Schaben), In: Helmcke, J.-G., Starck, D. AND Wermuth, H., Handbuch der Zoologie, 4 (2), Lief., 23, 1–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • BLATCHLEY, W. S. (1920), The Orthoptera of Northeastern America, Nature Publ. Co., Indianopolis, 784 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • BONHAG, P. F. (1959), Histological and histochemical studies on the ovary of the American cockroach Periplaneta americana (L.), Univ. Calif. Pubis Ent., 16, 8–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • BORDAS, L. (1897), L’appareil digestif des Orthoptères (Études morphologiques, histologiques et physiologiques de cet organe et son importance pour la classification des Orthoptères), Ann. Sci. nat., 5, 1–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • BRELAND, O. P. AND DOBSON, J. W. (1948), Specificity of mantid oothecae (Orthoptera, Mantidae), Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 40, 557–575.

    Google Scholar 

  • BROWN, V. K. (1973), The overwintering stages of Ectobius lapponicus (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattidae), J. Ent., (A), 48, 2–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • BROWN, V. K. (1975), Development of the male genitalia in Ectobius spp. Stephens (Dictyoptera: Blattidae), Int. J. Insect Morph. Embryol., 4, 49–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • BRUIJNING, C. F. A. (1948), Studies on Malayan Blattidae, Zool. Meded., 29, 1–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • BRUNET, P. C. J. (1951–52), The formation of the ootheca by Periplaneta americana. I, II, Q. 3l. microsc. Sci., 92, 113–127; 93, 47–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • BRUNET, P. C. J. AND KENT, P. W. (1955), Observations on the mechanism of a tanning reaction in Periplaneta and Blatta, Proc. roy. Soc. (B), 144, 259–274.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BUGNION, E. (1920), Les parties buccales de la Blatte et les muscles qui servent Ă  les mouvoir, Ann. Sci. nat., 10, 41–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • CHOPARD, L. (1938), La Biologie des Orthoptères, Lechevalier, Paris, 541 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • CHOPARD, L. (1949), Ordre des Dictyoptères, In: GrassĂ©, P. P. (ed.), TraitĂ© de Zoologie, 9, 355–407.

    Google Scholar 

  • CHOPARD, L. (1951), OrthoptĂ©roĂŻdes, Faune de France, 56, 359 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • CLEVELAND, L. R. (1934), The wood-feeding roach Cryptocercus, its Protozoa and the symbiosis between Protozoa and roach, Mem. Am. Acad. Arts. Sci., 17, 185–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • COHEN, S. AND ROTH, M. (1970), Chromosome numbers of the Blattaria, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 63, 1520–1547.

    Google Scholar 

  • CORNWELL, P. B. (1968), The Cockroach, London, 391 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • DAY, M. F. (1950), The histology of a very large insect, Macropanesthia rhinocerus Sauss. (Blattidae), Aust. J. sci. Res., B, 3, 61–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • EDMUNDS, M. (1972), Defensive behaviour in Ghanaian praying mantids, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 51, 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • GIGLIO-TOS, E. (1913–21), Mantidae, Genera Insect., Fasc. 144, 13 pp.; 177, 36 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • GIGLIO-TOS, E. (1927), Mantidae, Tierreich, Lfg. 50, 707 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • GOULD, G. E. AND DEAY, H. O. (1940), The biology of six cockroaches which inhabit buildings, Bull. Purdue Univ. agric. exp. Sta., 451, 31 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • GRAVES, P. N. (1969), Spermatophores of the Blattaria, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 62, 595–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • GRIFFITHS, J. T. AND TAUBER, O. E. (1942), The nymphal development of the roach, Periplaneta americana L., J. New York ent. Soc., 50, 263–272.

    Google Scholar 

  • GURNEY, A. B. (1951), Praying mantids of the United States, native and introduced, Rep. Smithson. Inst., Washington, 1950, 339–362.

    Google Scholar 

  • GUPTA, B. L. AND SMITH, D. S. (1969), Fine structural organization of the spermatheca in the cockroach Periplaneta americana, Tissue & Cell, 1, 295–324.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GUTHRIE, D. M. AND TINDALL, A. R. (1968), The Biology of the Cockroach, London, 416 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • HARZ, K. (1957), Die GeradflĂĽgler Mitteleuropas, Fischer, Jena, 494 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • HENSON, H. E. (1944), The development of the Malpighian tubules of Blatta orientalis (Orthoptera), Proc. R. ent. Soc. Lond., (A), 19, 73–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • HOLLING, C. S. (1966), The functional response of invertebrate predators to prey density, Mem. ent. Soc. Canada, 48, 1–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • HUBER, I. (1974), Taxonomic and ontogenetic studies of cockroaches, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 50 (6), 235–331.

    Google Scholar 

  • HUDSON, G. B. (1945), A study of the tentorium in some Orthopteroid insects, J. ent. Soc. sthn Africa, 8, 71–90.

    Google Scholar 

  • KALTENBACH, A. (1963), Kritische Untersuchungen zur Systematik, Biologie und Verbreitung der europäischen Fangheuschrecken, Zool. 3b. (Anat.), 90, 521–598.

    Google Scholar 

  • KENCHINGTON, W. AND FLOWER, N. E. (1969), Studies on insect fibrous proteins: the structural protein of the ootheca in the praying mantis, Sphodromantis centralis Rehn, J. Microscopy, 89, 263–281.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KERSHAW, J. C. (1990), The formation of the ootheca of a Chinese mantid, Hierodula saussurii, Psyche, 17, 136–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • KHALIFA, A. (1950), Spermatophore production in Blatella germanica L. (Orthoptera: Blattidae), Proc. R. ent. Soc. L.nd., (A), 25, 53–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • LAGRECA, M. (1953–54), Sulla struttura morfologica dell’apparato copulatore dei Mantodei, Ann. Ist. sup. Sci. Lett., Napoli, 54, 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • LAGRECA, M. (1956), Sulla struttura morfologica dell’apparato copulatore dei Mantodei, Ann. Ist. Sci. Lett. S. Chiara, Napoli, 1956 (6), 293–317.

    Google Scholar 

  • LAGRECA, M. AND RAINONE, A. (1949), Il dermascheletro e la musculatura dell’addome di Mantis religiosa, Ann. Ist. Mus. zool. Univ. Napoli, 1 (5), 43 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • LAGRECA, M. AND RAUCCI, A. (1949), Il dermascheletro e la musculatura del torace di Mantis religiosa, Ann. Ist. Mus. zool. Univ. Napoli, 1 (3), 1–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • LEVERAULT, P. (1938), The morphology of the Carolina mantis. I, II, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 24, 205–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • MACKINNON, J. (1970), Indications of territoriality in mantids, Z. Tierpsychol., 27, 150–155.

    Google Scholar 

  • MARKS, E. P. AND LAWSON, F. A. (1962), A comparative study of the Dictyopteran ovipositor, J. Morph., 3, 139–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • MCKITTRICK, F. A. (1964), Evolutionary studies of cockroaches, Mem. Cornell Univ. agric. exp. Sta., 389, 197 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • MERCER, E. H. AND BRUNET, P. C. J. (1959), The electron microscopy of the left colleterial gland of the cockroach, J. Biophys. Biochem. Cytol., 5, 257–262.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • MILLER, H. K. AND FISK, F. W. (1971), Taxonomic implications of the compara- tive morphology of cockroach proventriculi, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 64, 671–687.

    Google Scholar 

  • MITTELSTAEDT, H. (1957), Prey capture in mantids, In: Scheer, B. T., (ed.), Recent Advances in Invertebrate Physiology, Univ. Oregon Press, Eugene, Oregon, PP. 51–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • MOULINS, M. (1971), La cavitĂ© prĂ©orale de Blaberus craniifer Burm. (Insecte, Dictyoptère) et son innervation: Ă©tude anatomo-histologique de l’epipharynx et l’hypopharynx, Zool. 3h. (Anat.), 88, 527–586.

    Google Scholar 

  • NESBITT, H. H. J. (1941), A comparative morphological study of the nervous system of the Orthoptera and related orders, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 34, 51–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • NUTTING, W. L. (1951), A comparative anatomical study of the heart and accessory structures of the Orthopteroid insects, J. Morph., 89, 501–597.

    Google Scholar 

  • OSCHMAN, J. L. AND WALL, B. J. (1969), The structure of the rectal pads of Periplaneta americana L. with regard to fluid transport, J. Morph., 127, 475–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • POPHAM, E. J. (1961), The functional morphology of the mouthparts of the cockroach Periplaneta americana L., Entomologist, 94, 185–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • PRADL, W.-D. (1971), Blaberus giganteus, Schaben. Grosses Zoologisches Praktikum, 14b, 48 PP.

    Google Scholar 

  • PRINCIS, K. (1960), Zur Systematik der Blattaria, Eos, 36, 427–449.

    Google Scholar 

  • PRINCIS, K. (1962), Blattariae, In: Beier, M. (ed.), Orthopterorum Catalogus, Partes 3–14, 1224 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • PRINCIS, K. (1965), Ordnung Blattariae (Schaben), Bestimmungstabellen zur Bodenfauna Europas, Lfg. 3, 50 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • QADRI, M. A. H. (1938), The life history and growth of the cockroach, Blatta orientalis, L., Bull. ent. Res., 29, 263–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • RAGGE, D. R. (1965), The Wing Venation of the Orthoptera Saltatoria with Notes on Dictyopteran Wing Venation, Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist. ), London, 159 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • RAGGE, D. R. (1965), Grasshoppers, Crickets and Cockroaches of the British Isles, Collins, London, 299 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • RAGGE, D. R. AND ROY, R. (1967), A review of the praying mantises of Ghana (Dictyoptera, Mantodea), Bull. Inst. fr. Afr. noire (SĂ©r. A), 29, 586–644.

    Google Scholar 

  • REHN, J. A. G. (1931–37), African and Malagasy Blattidae (Orthoptera). I-III, Proc. Acad. nat. Sci., Philadelphia, 83, 305–387; 84, 405–511; 89, 17–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • REHN, J. W. H. (1951), Classification of the Blattaria as indicated by their wings, Mem. Amer. ent. Soc., 14, 134 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • BILLING, S., MITTELSTAEDT, H. AND ROEDER, K. (1959), Prey recognition in the praying mantis, Behaviour, 14, 164–184.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROEDER, K. D. (1935), An experimental analysis of the sexual behaviour of the praying mantis (Mantis religiosa, L.), Biol. Bull., 69, 203–220.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1967), Sexual isolation in parthenogenetic Pycnoscelus surinamensis and application of the name Pycnoscelus indicus to its bisexual relative (Dictyoptera: Blattaria: Blaberidae: Pycnoscelinae), Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 60, 774–779.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1968a), Oothecae of the Blattaria, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 61, 83–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1968b), Ovarioles of the Blattaria, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 61, 132–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1969), Evolution of male tergal glands in the Blattaria, Ann. ent. Soc. Am., 62, 176–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1969–73), The male genitalia of,Blattaria, Psyche, 76, 217–250; 77, 104–119; 217–236; 308–342; 436–480; 78, 84–106; 180–192; 296–305; 80, 249–264; 305–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. (1970), Evolution and taxonomic significance of reproduction in Blattaria, Ann. Rev. Ent., 15, 75–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. AND BARTH, R. (1967), The sense organs employed by cockroaches in mating behaviour, Behaviour, 28, 58–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. AND WILLIS, E. R. (1952), A study of cockroach behaviour, Am. midi. Nat., 47, 66–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. AND WILLIS, E. R. (1955), Intra-uterine nutrition of the `beetle roach’ Diploptera dytiscoides (Serv.) during embryogenesis, with notes on its biology in the laboratory, Psyche, 62, 55–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. AND WILLIS, E. R. (1957), An analysis of oviparity and viviparity in the Blattaria, Trans. Am. ent. Soc., 83, 221–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROTH, L. M. AND WILLIS, E. R. (1960), The biotic associations of cockroaches, Smithson. misc. Colins, 141, 470 PP.

    Google Scholar 

  • SHELFORD, R. (1909), Notes on some amphibious cockroaches, Rec. Indian Mus., 3, 125–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • SNODGRASS, R. E. (1937), The male genitalia of Orthopteroid insects, Smithson. misc. Colins, 96, 107 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • SNODGRASS, R. E. (1952), A Textbook of Arthropod Anatomy, Comstock Publ. Co., Ithaca, N.Y., 363 PP.

    Google Scholar 

  • STORCH, R. H. (1968), The adult cervicothoracic musculature of the cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea (Olivier), J. Morph., 126, 107–122.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • TILLYARD, R.I. (1937), Kansas Permian insects, Pt. 20. The cockroaches or order Blattaria. Am. J. Sci., 34, 169–202; 249–276.

    Google Scholar 

  • URVOY, J. (1963), Etude anatomo-functionelle de la patte et de l’antenne de la blatte Blabera craniifer Burmeister, Ann. Sci. nat., Paris (Zool.), (12), 5, 287–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • VOY, A. (1949), Contribution Ă  l’étude anatomique et histologique des organes accessoires de l’appareil gĂ©nital femelle chez quelques espèces d’OrthopteroĂŻdes, Ann. Sci. nat., 2, 269–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • WILLEY, R. B. (1961), The morphology of the stomodeal nervous system in Periplaneta americana (L.) and other Blattaria, J. Morph., 108, 219–261.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, C. B. AND BUXTON, P. A. (1916), On the biology of Sphodromantis guttata, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond., 1916, 86–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, C. E. (1904), Notes on the life-history of Gongylus gongyloides, a mantis of the tribe Empusides and floral simulator, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond., 1904, 125–137.

    Google Scholar 

  • WYK, L. E. VAN (1952), The morphology and histology of the genital organs of Leucophaea maderae (Fabr.) (Blattidae, Orthoptera), J. ent. Soc. sthn Africa, 15, 3–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • YUASA, H. (1920), The anatomy of the head and mouthparts of Orthoptera and Euplexoptcra, J. Morph., 33, 251–290.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 O. W. Richards and R. G. Davies

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Richards, O.W., Davies, R.G. (1977). Dictyoptera (Cockroaches and Mantids). In: Imms’ General Textbook of Entomology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0472-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0472-4_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-017-0474-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0472-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics