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Logic as General Rationality: A Survey

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Handbook of Philosophical Logic

Part of the book series: Handbook of Philosophical Logic ((HALO,volume 9))

Abstract

Logic today is urged to confront and solve the problem of reasoning unde non-ideal conditions, such as incomplete information or imprecisely formulated statements, as is the case with uncertainty, approximate descriptions or linguistic vagueness. At the same time, Probability theory has widened its traditional field of analysis (the expected frequency of physical phenomena) so as to encompass and analyze general rational expectations. Thus, Probability has placed itself in the position of offering Logic a solution for its own long-awaited generalization. The basis for that turns out to be precisely the shared base underlying the two disciplines. This theoretical base predates their common birth, as seen in the early efforts of Bernoulli and Laplace, as well as in Boole’s 1854 attempt to formalize the “laws of thought” and then, as he claimed, to “derive Logic and Probability” from them. Once we recover (following Popper’s 1938 advice) the underlying formalism, we come, by interpreting it in two different directions, back into either Logic or Probability. The present survey explains the story so far and does the reconstruction work from the logical point of view. The stated aim is to generalize Logic so as to cover, as Boole intended, the whole of rationality.

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  1. Departament de Llenguatges i Sistemes Informàtics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain

    Ton Sales

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  1. King’ College, London, UK

    D. M. Gabbay

  2. Centrum für Informations- und Sprachverarbeitung, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München, Germany

    F. Guenthner

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Sales, T. (2002). Logic as General Rationality: A Survey. In: Gabbay, D.M., Guenthner, F. (eds) Handbook of Philosophical Logic. Handbook of Philosophical Logic, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0464-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0464-9_6

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