Skip to main content

The Impact of Trust on Business, International Security and the Quality of Life

  • Chapter
Book cover Essays on the Quality of Life

Part of the book series: Social Indicators Research Series ((SINS,volume 19))

  • 453 Accesses

Abstract

The theses supported in this essay are that the world is to some extent constructed by each of us, that it can and ought to be constructed in a more benign way, that such construction will require more trust than most people are currently willing to grant, and that most of us will be better off if most of us can manage to be more trusting in spite of our doubts.

Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the International Conference on Social Reporting at the Science Centre of Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany, September 18-20, 1989 and at a luncheon meeting of the Centre for Ethics and Corporate Policy, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, February 1989. I would like to thank the following people for helpful comments: Deborah C. Poff, Frank M.Andrews, Bruce Headey, Wolfgang Zapf, M. Harvey Brenner, Leo Groarke, Trudy Govier, Jean Smith and Shirley Farlinger.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Adams, J.G.U.: 1988, “Risk Homeostasis and the Purpose of Safety Regulation”, Ergonomics, 31: 407–428.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Angel, R. and P. Thoits: 1987, “The Impact of Culture on the Cognitive Structure of Illness”, Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, 11: 465–494.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baier, A.: 1985, “What Do Women Want in a Moral Theory?”, Novus, 19: 53–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baier, A.: 1986, “Trust and Antitrust”, Ethics, 96: 231–260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barry, W.A.: 1970, “Marriage Research and Conflict: An Integrative Review”, Psychological Bulletin, 73: 41–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beltramini, R.F.: 1986, “Ethics and the Use of Competitive Information Acquisition Strategies”, Journal of Business Ethics, 5: 307–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, R.A., J.A. Daly and M.C. Gonzales: 1987, “Affinity Maintenance in Marriage and Its Relationship to Women’s Marital Satisfaction”, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49: 445–454.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bella, D. A., C.D. Mosher and S.N. Calco: 1988, “Establishing Trust: Nuclear Waste Disposal”, Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering, 114: 40–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bluhm, L.H.: 1987, “Trust, Terrorism, and Technology”, Journal of Business Ethics, 6: 333–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bok, S.: 1978, Lying. New York: Pantheon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradburn, N.M., L.J. Rips and S.K. Shevell: 1987, “Answering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys”, Science, 236: 157–161.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Citrin, J. and D.P. Green: 1986, “Presidential Leadership and the Resurgence of Trust in Government”, British Journal of Political Science, 16: 431–453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, W. and H. Czepier: 1988, “The Role of Ethics in Gathering Corporate Intelligence”, Journal of Business Ethics, 7: 199–204.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conklin, J.E.: 1976, “Robbery, the Elderly, and Fear: An Urban Problem in Search of a Solution”, in J. Goldsmith and S. Goldsmith (eds.), Crime and the Elderly. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, J.A.: 1984, “New Money, an Old Man/Lady and ‘Two’s Company’: Subjective Welfare in the NORC General Social Surveys, 1972–1982”, Social Indicators Research, 15: 319–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Donnermeyer, J.F.: 1982, “Patterns of Criminal Victimization in a Rural Setting: The Case of Pike County, Indiana”, in T.J. Carter, G.H. Phillips, J.F. Donnermeyer and T.N. Wurschmidt (eds.), Rural Crime: Integrating Research and Prevention. Totowa, NJ: Allanheld, Osman Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Driedger, M. and D. Munton: 1988, Security, Arms Control and Defence: Public Attitudes in Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Institute for International Peace and Security.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durbin, P.T. (ed.): 1980, A Guide to the Culture of Science, Technology and Medicine. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Faust, D. and J. Ziskin: 1988, “The Expert Witness in Psychology and Psychiatry”, Science, 241: 31–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feather, N.T. and G.E. O’Brien: 1986, “A Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Employment and Unemployment on School-Leavers”, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 59: 121–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrell, O.C. and K.M. Weaver: 1978, “Ethical Beliefs of Marketing Managers”, Journal of Marketing, 42: 69–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Festinger, L.: 1957, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischhoff, B. and D. MacGregor: 1982, “Subjective Confidence in Forecasts”, Journal of Forecasting, 1: 155–172.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fields, J.M. and H. Schuman: 1976, “Public Beliefs About the Beliefs of the Public”, Public Opinion Quarterly, 40: 427–448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Finn, D.W., L.B. Chonko and S.D. Hunt: 1988, “Ethical Problems in Public Accounting: The View from the Top”, Journal of Business Ethics, 1: 605–615.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franzoi, S.L., M.H. Davis and R.D. Young: 1985, “The Effects of Private Self-Consciousness and Perspective Taking on Satisfaction in Close Relationships”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48: 1584–1594.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gahagan, J..P. and J.T. Tedeschi: 1968, “Strategy and the Credibility of Promises in the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 12: 224–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garfinkel, H.: 1963, “A Conception of, and Experiments With, Trust as a Condition of Stable Concerted Actions”, in O.J. Harvey (ed.), Motivation and Social Interaction: Cognitive Determinants, pp. 187–238. New York: Ronald Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gewirth, A.: 1987, “Human Rights and the Prevention of Cancer”, in D. Poff and W. Waluchow (eds.), Business Ethics in Canada, pp. 105–115. Toronto: Prentice-Hall of Canada; originally published in the American Philosophical Quarterly (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, J.R.: 1978, Trust: A New View of Personal and Organizational Development. Los Angeles: Guild of Totors Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glatzer, W.: 1987, “Income”, Social Indicators Research, 19: 39–46. (Chapter 4 of the German Social Report, ed. By W. Zapf et al.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Goethals, G.R.: 1986, “Fabricating and Ignoring Social Reality: Self-Serving Estimates of Consensus”, in J.M. Olson, C.P. Herman and M.P. Zanna (eds.), Relative Deprivation and Social Comparison, pp. 139–159. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Govier, T.: 1989, “Trust Some Competing Accounts in Social Science and Philosophy”, unpublished manuscript.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, A.G.: 1980, “The Totalarian Ego: Fabrication and Revision of Personal History”, American Psychologist, 35: 60–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, A.G. and A.R. Pratkanis: 1984, “The Self, in R.S. Wyer and T.K. Srull (eds), Handbook of Social Cognition, pp. 129–178. Hillside, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenwald, A.G. and S.J. Breckler: 1985, “To Whomis the Self Presented”, in B.R. Schlenker (ed.), The Self and Social Life, pp. 126–145. New York: McGraw-Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hackman, J.R.: 1976, “Group influences on Individuals”, in M. Dunnette (ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology, pp. 1455–1525. Chicago: Rand-McNally.

    Google Scholar 

  • House, J.S.: 1977, “The Three Faces of Social Psychology”, Sociometry, 40: 161–177.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Headey, B. and A. Wearing: 1988, “The Sense of Relative Superiority — Central to Well-Being”, Social Indicators Research, 20: 497–516.

    Google Scholar 

  • Houston, B.K. and C.R. Snyder (eds.): 1988, Type A Behavior Pattern Research, Theory and Intervention. New York: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Inglehart, R. and J.-R. Rabier: 1986, “Aspirations Adapt to Situations — But Why are the Belgians So Much Happier Than the French? A Cross-Cultural Analysis of the Subjective Quality of Life”, in F.M. Andrews (ed.), Research on the Quality of Life, pp. 1–56. Ann Arbor: Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, W.: 1956, The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy. New York: Dover Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson-George, C. and W.C. Swap: 1982, “Measurement of Specific Interpersonal Trust: Construction and Validation of a Scale to Assess Trust in a Specific Other”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43: 1306–1317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, E.E.: 1986, “Interpreting Interpersonal Behavior: The Effects of Expectancies”, Science, 234: 41–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Judd, C.M. and J.P. Johnson: 1981, “Attitudes, Polarization, and Diagnosticity: Exploring the Effect of Affect”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41: 26–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koriat, A., S. Lichtenstein and B. Fischhoff: 1980, “Reasons for Confidence”, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory, 6: 107–118.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LaRocco, J.M.: 1985, “Effects of Job Canadians on Worker Perceptions: Ambient Stimuli vs. Group Influence”, Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 15: 735–757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lavee, Y., H.I. McCubbin and D.H. Olson: 1987, “The Effect of Stressful Life Events and Transitions on Family Functioning and Well-Being”, Journal of Marriage and the Family, 49: 857–873.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Levenson, R.W. and J.M. Gottman: 1985, “Physiological and Affective Predictors of Change in Relationship Satisfaction”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49: 85–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, J.D. and A.J. Weigert: 1985, “Social Atomism, Holism and Trust”, The Sociological Quarterly, 26: 455–471.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liebrand, W.B.G., R.W.T.L. Jansen, V.M. Rijken and C.J.M. Suhre: 1986, “Might Over Morality: Social Values and the Perception of Other Players in Experimental Games”, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22: 203–215.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liebrand, W.B.G., D.M. Messick and F.J.M. Wolters: 1986, “Why We Are Fairer Than Others: A Cross-Cultural Replication and Extension”, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22: 590–604.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macintosh, J.: 1985, Confidence (and Security) Building Measures in the Arms Control Process: A Canadian Perspective. Ottawa: The Arms Control and Disarmament Division, Department of External Affairs.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKuen, M.B.: 1984, “Reality, the Press and Citizens’ Political Agendas”, in C.F. Turner and E. Martin (eds.), Surveying Subjective Phenomena, Volume 2, pp. 443–474. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, D.T.: 1982, “Post-TMI Perceived Risk from Nuclear Power in Three Communities”, Nuclear Safety, 23: 379–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Messick, D.M. and K.P. Sentis: 1983, “Fairness, Preference and Fairness Biases”, in D.M. Messick and K.S. Cook (eds.), Equity Theory: Psychological and Sociological Perspectives, pp. 61–94. New York: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1969, Principles of Logic. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1978, Foundations of Decision-Making. Ottawa: Canadian Library of Philosophy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1980, North American Social Report, Vol. 2: Crime, Justice and Politics. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Pub. Co.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1980a, “Philosophy of Science: Historical, Social and Value Aspects”, in P.T. Durbin (ed.), A Guide to the Culture of Science, Technology and Medicine, pp. 197–281. New York: The Free Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1987, “What Makes People Happy?”, Levekarsforskening Konferanserapport. Proceedings of the Seminar on Welfare Research, Norwegen Research Council for Science and the Humanities, Oslo, Norway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1987a, “The Loyal Agent’s Argument”, in D.C. Poff and WJ. Waluchow (eds.), Business Ethics in Canada, pp. 136–141. Toronto: Prentice-Hall Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1988, “Optimism in Thirty Countries Over a Decade”, Social Indicators Research, 20: 177–180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1989, Militarism and the Quality of Life. Toronto: Science for Peace/Samual Stevens.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michalos, A.C.: 1991, Global Report on Student Well-Being, Vol. I: Life Satisfaction and Happiness. New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, D.T. and W. Turnbull: 1986, “Expectancies and Interpersonal Processes”, Annual Review of Psychology, 37: 233–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mullen, R.E. and J.F. Donnermeyer: 1985, “Age, Trust, and Perceived Safety From Crime in Rural Areas”, The Gerontologist, 25: 237–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Newcomb, M.D.: 1986, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50: 906–920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nisbett, R.E. and N. Bellows: 1977, “Verbal Reports About Causal Influences oon Social Judgements Private Access Versus Public Theories”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48: 297–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Reilly, C. and D. Caldwell: 1985, “The Impact of Normative Social Influence and Cohesiveness on Task Perceptions and Attitudes: A Social Information Processing Approach”, Journal of Occupational Psychology, 58: 193–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phillips, G.H. and T.N. Wurschmidt: 1982, “The Ohio Rural Victimization Study”, in TJ. Carter, G.H. Phillips, J.F. Donnermeyer and T.N. Wurschmidt (eds.), Rural Crime: Integrating Research and Prevention. Totowa, NJ: Allanheld, Osmun Pub.

    Google Scholar 

  • Posner, P.Z. and W.H. Schmidt: 1987, “Ethics in American Companies: A Managerial Perspective”, Journal of Business Ethics, 6: 383–391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rempel J.K., J.G. Holmes and M.P. Zanna: 1985, “Trust in Close Relationships”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49: 95–112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, L,.D. Green and P. House: 1977, “The False Consensus Phenomenon: An Attributional Bias in Self-Perception and Social Perception Processes”, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 13: 279–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, M. and F. Sicoly: 1979, “Egocentric Biases in Availability and Attrition”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37: 322–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rotter, J.B.: 1980, “Interpersonal Trust, Trustworthiness, and Gullibility”, American Psychologist, 35: 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Royce, J.: 1908, Philosophy of Loyalty. New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlenker, B.R.: 1975, “Self-Presentation: Managing the Impression of Consistency When Reality Interferes With Self-Enhancement”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32: 1030–1037.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlenker, B.R.: 1987, “Threats to Identity: Self-Identification and Social Stress”, in C.R. Snyder and C.E. Ford (eds.), Coping With Negative Life Events: Clinical and Social Psychological Perspectives, pp. 273–321. New York: Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schlenker, B.R., B. Helm and J.T. Tedeschi: 1973, “The Effects of Personality and Situational Variables on Behavioral Trust”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 25: 419–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schlenker, B.R. and R.S. Miller: 1977, “Egocentrism in Groups: Self-Serving Biases or Logical Information Processing”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 35: 755–764.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sellerberg, A.M.: 1982, “On Modern Confidence”, Acta Sociologica, 25: 39–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shepelak, N.J.: 1987, “The Role of Self-Explanations and Self-Evaluations in Legitimating Inequality”, American Sociological Review, 52: 495–503.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Short, J.F.: 1984, “The Social Fabric at Risk: Toward the Social Transformation of Risk Analysis”, American Sociological Review, 49: 711–725.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, M.: 1984, “When Belief Creates Reality”, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 18: 247–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, S.C. and H.H. Kelley: 1981, “Judgments of Responsibility for Activities in Close Relationships”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 41: 469–477.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van der Pligt, J.: 1984, “Attributions, False Consensus, and Valence: Two Field Studies”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46: 57–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vitell, S.J. and T.A. Festervand: 1987, “Business Ethics: Conflicts, Practices and Beliefs of Industrial Executives”, Journal of Business Ethics, 6: 111–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White, S. and T. Mitchell: 1979, “Job Enrichment versus Social Cues: A Comparison and Competitive Test”, Journal of Applied Psychology, 64: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.B.: 1989, “The Trusting Heart”, Psychology Today (January/February): 36–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, R.B. and J.C. Barefoot: 1988, “Coronary-Prone Behavior: The Emerging Role of the Hostility Complex”, in B.K. Houston and C.R. Snyder (eds.), Type A Behavior Pattern: Research, Theory and Intervention, pp. 189–210. New York: John Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zalesny, M.D., R.V. Farace and R. Kurchner-Hawkins: 1985, “Determinants of Employee Work Perceptions and Attitudes: Perceived Work Environment and Organizational Level”, Environment and Behavior, 17: 567–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Michalos, A.C. (2003). The Impact of Trust on Business, International Security and the Quality of Life. In: Essays on the Quality of Life. Social Indicators Research Series, vol 19. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0389-5_19

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0389-5_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6304-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0389-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics