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Understanding the Mechanisms of Local Pulmonary Drug Absorption and Metabolism: An in Vitro Model of the Airway Epithelium

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Optimization of Aerosol Drug Delivery

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Abstract

Following the image created by John Patton [1], the trachea and bronchi of the lung may be compared to the stem and branches of a tree. Their function, of course, is not limited to supporting and supplementing the tissues of gas-exchange (leafs and alveoli, respectively); the conducting airways are also “more than just a barrier”, as recently stated by Folkerts and Nijkamp [2]. With every breath, the airway epithelium is exposed to the environmental air, and has to cope with airborne microorganisms and pollutant particles, which have to be filtered out before reaching the lower respiratory tract. Throughout evolution, defense mechanisms have been developed to face this challenge. These include the production and secretion of mucus, which entraps foreign airborne particles, and is expelled by the action of epithelial cilia (mucociliary escalator). A range of degrading enzymes and antibacterial agents are found in the airway surface liquid (ASL), complementing the effect of the mucociliary escalator. As a mucosal tissue, the airway epithelium is also part of the mucosal associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) [3].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, PO Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands

    Gerrit Borchard

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  1. Gerrit Borchard
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  1. University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

    Leon Gradoń

  2. Faculty of Appplied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands

    Jan Marijnissen

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Borchard, G. (2003). Understanding the Mechanisms of Local Pulmonary Drug Absorption and Metabolism: An in Vitro Model of the Airway Epithelium. In: Gradoń, L., Marijnissen, J. (eds) Optimization of Aerosol Drug Delivery. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0267-6_16

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0267-6_16

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