Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. It catalyzes the delta 9-cis desaturation of acyl-CoA substrates, the preferred substrates being palmitoyl (C16:0)-CoA and stearoyl(C18:0)CoA, which are converted to palmitoleoyl (C16:1n-7)-CoA and oleoyl-CoA (C18:1n9), respectively (1). These monounsaturated fatty acids are used as substrates for the synthesis of triglycerides, wax esters, cholesteryl esters and membrane phospholipids. The ratio of stearic acid to oleic acid has been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation through effects on membrane fluidity and signal transduction (2). Monounsaturated fatty acids also influence apoptosis (3) and may have some role in mutagenesis in some tumors (4, 5). Overall, SCD expression affects the fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol ester, resulting in changes in membrane fluidity, lipid metabolism and obesity (2). Thus, the regulation of SCD is of considerable physiological importance and high SCD activity is associated with a wide range of diseases including cardiovascular disease, obesity, diabetes, neurological disease, skin disease and cancer.
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Miyazaki, M., Gomez, F.E., Ntambi, J.M. (2003). Presence of a Palmitoyl-CoA Delta 6-Desaturase in the Preputial Gland of the Mouse. In: Murata, N., Yamada, M., Nishida, I., Okuyama, H., Sekiya, J., Hajime, W. (eds) Advanced Research on Plant Lipids. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0159-4_21
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0159-4_21
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