Abstract
The Mediterranean Basin, especially the coastline and the semi-arid and arid rangelands, have in the recent past and are currently suffering acutely from human activities that result in genetic erosion. As discussed in earlier chapters, these activities include: increasing industrialization, pollution, urbanization, inadvertent fires, increasing tourism, improper soil use and management, inappropriate animal production systems, and the general over-exploitation of natural resources. Soil erosion, loss of arable land, scarcity of water resources, loss of genetic diversity in terms of taxa and genetic variation are becoming a major concern to the sustainability of agriculture in the region. In fact, most of the national resources are already over-exploited in this region and urgent action is needed to slow the speed of degradation of the ecosystems and to stop desertification. For example, the desertified areas of rangeland, rainfed agriculture and irrigated land currently extend over 90%, 83% and 36% of their total respective areas and are increasing, showing the fragility of the predominant ecosystems in the region (ICARDA 1997).
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Maxted, N., Tan, A., Amri, A., Valkoun, J. (2001). In Situ Conservation. In: Maxted, N., Bennett, S.J. (eds) Plant Genetic Resources of Legumes in the Mediterranean. Current Plant Science and Biotechnology in Agriculture, vol 39. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9823-1_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9823-1_16
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