Abstract
An important aspect in the transportation of gaseous energy carriers like natural gas or hydrogen in long-range pipelines is the economy. To achieve this goal not only the price for production is decisive, but also the costs for the pipeline. In consequence the transported volume per time unit should be increased by higher gas pressure and larger diameter of the pipes. The realization of these demands depends on the availability of suitable steels of high strength and toughness as well as good weldability. One class of steels having these characteristics are the thermomechanically treated steels used in modern long-range transport pipelines for natural gas [1, 2]. With respect to high pressure hydrogen the operation pressure should be higher than 10 MPa for a competitive economy [3]. In this context the question whether existing modern pipelines for natural gas can be used for hydrogen transport and distribution or not is to be considered also [4–6]. A further aspect is the interaction of high pressure hydrogen at ambient temperature with the pipe material and the measures to mitigate hydrogen embrittlement, if present, by e. g. admixtures to the hydrogen gas. A survey on hydrogen embrittlement of ferritic steels is given in [6] and on the inhibiting characteristics of special admixtures with respect to material properties in [7]. In order to clarify this situation also for thermomechanically treated steels first qualitative results on the amount of hydrogen embrittlement were received by the constant extension rate test for the steel StE 480.7 TM (X70) [8]. Thereby the inhibiting influence of oxygen admixture was investigated. A quantitative statement on the toughness behaviour in presence of high pressure hydrogen with admixtures of oxygen received by fracture mechanics J-integral tests was not available for the steel X70. Therefore it was the aim of the present investigation to close this gap also in view of materials related safety considerations.
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Deimel, P., Fischer, H., Sattler, E., Hoffmann, M. (1998). Fracture Mechanics in High Pressure Hydrogen for the Thermomechanically Treated Steel X70. In: Saetre, T.O. (eds) Hydrogen Power: Theoretical and Engineering Solutions. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9054-9_43
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9054-9_43
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