Abstract
Fire impact on forests is as variable as are forests and fires, but the impact of high-intensity fires on forests is only negative: considerable or full elimination of surface organics and the replacement of stands. Boreal forests are certainly the most favorable environment for high-intensity fires; history of each large fire in these forests contains at least two or three days of extremely fast spread and tall flames at the fire head. Known for their high speed, high-intensity forest fires are, as a rule, large fires. They emit huge clouds of smoke covering vast areas and, by their smoke emissions, increase lightning activity and retard the fall of rains and dew, and strengthen the stability of the anticyclone, in which they usually occur. Forest fires are identified herein as high-intensity fires if they achieve, at the least, the following values of characteristics of burning, or even of one of them:
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Byram’s intensity of fire head, MW m-1> 3
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flame height above the fuel layer, m> 3
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rate of spread, m s-1> 0.2
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width of flame zone, m> 5
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burned fuel loading, kg m-2> 0.5
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Telitsyn, H.P. (1996). A Mathematical Model of Spread of High-Intensity Forest Fires. In: Goldammer, J.G., Furyaev, V.V. (eds) Fire in Ecosystems of Boreal Eurasia. Forestry Sciences, vol 48. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8737-2_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8737-2_26
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