Abstract
A bacterial strain, Bacillus cereus A-47 isolated from wheat roots is commercially applied to rice on a large scale in China. After being treated with this bacterial agent, seed germination speeded up, root systems became larger and leaves were greener. Generally, the increase in rice yield due to this treatment is 8–10%. According to YIB sales from 1985 to 1993, the cumulative acreage where rice was treated was about 2 570 000 hectares.
Bacillus subtilis B-908, selected by screening among hundreds of bacterial isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of rice, showed strong antagonistic activity against Rhizoctonia solani, and stimulation of root formation. Evaluation of its efficacy in controlling rice sheath blight under different field conditions showed that the disease index was reduced by about 60% and the yield increased by 7.7–26.5%.
Two genes were cloned, one responsible for chitinase and the other for β-1, 3-gluconase. The one which was responsible for chitinase was transferred into B. subtilis B-908 by electroporation. The reconstructed bacterium was studied with respect to its efficacy to control Rhizoctonia solani.
Protoplasm fusion was made between B. subtilis B-908 and B. thuringiensis 7216. A recombinant CF-103 was constructed. CF-103 could produce an antibiotic like that of B. subtilis B-908, and produce protein which was toxic to Cnathalocrocis medinalis like that of B. thuringiensis 7216. The control of sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Cnathalocrocis medinalis had been evaluated in the field. The result of field trials was that the effect of CF-103 on controlling sheath blight of rice and Cnathalocrocis medinalis was similar but lower compared with chemical control.
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Tang, WH. et al. (1996). Increased growth and yield of rice by treating seeds and spraying plants with non-nitrogen-fixing bacteria. In: Rahman, M., Podder, A.K., Van Hove, C., Begum, Z.N.T., Heulin, T., Hartmann, A. (eds) Biological Nitrogen Fixation Associated with Rice Production. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 70. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8670-2_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8670-2_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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