Abstract
Study of the relationship between science, technology and society (SSTS) is an element of the discipline of History and Philosophy of Science that has experienced remarkable growth in recent years. Undergraduate and graduate courses have proliferated, research units have been set up, specialised societies and journals established and an enormous body of literature created. There is no doubt that the stimulus for these developments in SSTS was provided by the massive governmental involvement in scientific and technological activities that took place in the 1950s and 1960s. By the mid-1960s, the need for disciplined inquiry into the social, economic and political implications of the growth of science and technology in advanced industrial societies was obvious, and SSTS as a new subdiscipline developed because the established disciplines were unequal to the task.
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Spiegel-Rösing, I. (1977) ‘The Study of Science, Technology and Society (SSTS): Recent Trends and Future Challenges’, in Spiegel-Rösing, I. and de Solla Price, D. (eds.), Science, Technology and Society: A Cross-Disciplinary Perspective, London: Sage Publications, pp. 7–42.
Miller, C. M. L., Moseley, R. and Ford, G. (1980) The Impact of Science Technology and Society Courses in Higher Education, Sussex: University of Sussex Education Area Occasional Paper No. 7.
Szyliowicz, J. S. (1977) ‘Education for Science and Technology Policy Analysis: Problems and Prospects’, in Haberer J., Science and Technology Policy, Lexington: D.C. Heath, pp. 143–149.
Science Studies: A Report to the Nuffield Foundation,London: The Nuffield Foundation.
Szyliowicz, op. cit.,p. 146.
Spiegel-Rösing, op. cit., p. 35.
Haberer, J. (1977) ‘Introduction: An Agenda for Science and Technology Policy: The Road Not Traveled — Yet’, in Haberer, op. cit., p. 1.
Spiegel—Rösing, op. cit., p. 35.
Schmandt, J. (1977) ‘Science Policy: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back’, in Haberer, J., op. cit.; pp. 9–23.
Ronayne, J. (1979) The Allocation of Resources and Development, Report to Australian Science and Technology Council (unpublished), June, pp. 38–45.
Blankenship, L. V. and Lambright, W. H. (1977) ‘University Research Centres: A Comparison of NASA and RANN Experiences’ (unpublished), p. 185.
Mogee, M. E. (1972) ‘Public Policy and Organizational Change: The Creation of the RANN Program in the NSF’, unpublished MA thesis, George Washington University.
Ronayne, op. cit., ref. 10, pp. 1–9.
Schmadt, op. cit.,p. 14.
Spiegel-Wising, op. cit.,p. 29.
Senate of Canada (1973) A Science Policy for Canada, Vol. 3, Ottawa: Information Canada, pp. 629–643.
Brooks, H. (1973) ‘Knowledge and Action: The Dilemma of Science Policy in the ‘70s’,Daedalus 102 pp. 125–143.
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Brickman, R. and Rip, A. (1979) ‘Science Policy Advisory Councils in France, the Netherlands and the United States, 1957–77: A Comparative Analysis’, Social Studies of Science 9 pp. 167–198.
Ronayne, op. cit.,ref. 10, pp. 1–9.
Ibid.
Price, D. J. de Solla (1969) ‘Letter to the Editor’, Science and Public Policy Study Group Newsletter, November, p. 16.
Weinberg, A. M. (1978) ‘The Indispensability of Scientific Choice’, Minerva 16, pp. 339–342.
Mr. Gorton made these comments in an interview with B. Nelson. See Nelson, B. (1968) ‘Australia: Education and Science Are Looking Up Down Under’, Science 160, p. 173.
Sometimes science policy analysts who are unfamiliar with the Australian system can be misled into thinking that there are exact parallels with other systems overseas. Wilson, for example ((1979) ‘Science Policy Institutions: Some Canadian and Australian Parallels’, SCITEC Bulletin 9,pp. 11–18], equated the Australian Science and Technology Council with the Science Council of Canada and the Australian Department of Science and Technology with the Canadian Ministry of State for Science and Technology. These are very misleading parallels.
Senate Standing Committee on Science and the Environment (1979) Report on Industrial Research and Development in Australia, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service, pp. 83–85.
Ronayne, J. (1978) ‘Scientific Research, Science Policy and Social Studies of Science in Australia’, Social Studies of Science 8, p. 361, contains an extensive bibliography. See also Rubenstein, C. L. (1978) ‘Changes in Australian Science and Technology Policies: From Ends to Means’, Australian Journal of Public Administration 37 pp. 233–256.
Australian Labor Party (1967) Platform, Constitution and Rules, Canberra: Federal Secretariat.
Whitlam, E. G. (1970) ‘A National Science Policy’, Search 1 p. 135.
OECD Examiners’ Report on Science and Technology in Australia,Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Science and Technology in the Service of Society — The Framework for Australian Government Planning, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Fraser, M. (1974) Hansard Report, House of Representatives, March 21.
Towards Diversity and Adaptability: Report to the Royal Commission on Australian Government Administration by its Science Task Force,Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Towards Diversity and Adaptability op. cit.pp. 18–19.
Gummett, P. J. and Price, G. (1977) ‘An Approach to the Central Planning of British Science’, Minerva 15 pp. 119–143.
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Ronayne, J. (1983). Science Policy Studies: Retrospect and Prospect. In: Home, R.W. (eds) Science under Scrutiny. Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7672-7_6
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