Abstract
Ceramics are strongly bonded materials, with ionic and covalent character, which results in intrinsic high strength, hardness and refractoriness. However, a consequence of this is that there is little dislocation movement in crystalline materials at modest temperatures and the materials are brittle, usually failing in a catastrophic manner in materials sintered to near theoretical density. The strengths of polycrystalline ceramics are also generally much lower than the theoretical values because of flaws in the material. Internal flaws arise during the fabrication process due to the difficulty in ensuring a uniform distribution of all the component phases and uniformity in packing of the precursor powders in the shaping operation prior to sintering.
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Rand, B., Zeng, R.J. (1990). Fibre Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites. In: Figueiredo, J.L., Bernardo, C.A., Baker, R.T.K., Hüttinger, K.J. (eds) Carbon Fibers Filaments and Composites. NATO ASI Series, vol 177. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6847-0_16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6847-0_16
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