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Science et éthique

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Philosophy of action / Philosophie de l’action

Part of the book series: Contemporary philosophy / La philosophie contemporaine ((COPH,volume 3))

Résumé

Vers 1965 l’institution scientifique est prospère. Depuis la seconde guerre mondiale, les budgets de la recherche ont constamment augmenté, particulièrement ceux de la physique, et de la physique fondamentale, dont l’importance pour le bien-être des peuples ne semble faire, depuis le rapport Bush (USA, 1945), de doute pour personne. Vous avez dit: l’éthique? Vous êtes un idéaliste attardé: cette denrée n’a plus cours. Les analyses positiviste, behavioriste, fonctionaliste, psychanalytique, ou hegeliano-marxiste ont érodé la distinction entre le fait et le droit, relativisé ou rendu suspecte la motivation morale. Le Spoutnik (1957) a lancé l’enseignement scientifique, les humanités se meurent. On ne trouve plus guère de cours de morale que dans quelques facultés d’éducation, ou de religion. Encore le courant religieux de l’après-guerre (Barth, Berdiaev, Buber, Maritain) s’est-il essoufflé. Conséquence lointaine du scientisme? Les philosophes ont opéré un prudent repli vers l’exercice linguistique ou l’étude des systèmes, la logique du raisonnement moral ou la métaéthique.

‘Si la culture des sciences est nuisible aux qualités guerrières, elle l’est encore plus aux qualités morales’

(J.J. Rousseau, 1750).

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Références

  • Comme on l’aura constaté, ma documentation recouvre une décennie élargie, approximativement la période 1965–80. Ne sont données ci-après que les références aux travaux contemporains explicitement mentionnés dans le texte.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Paris, France

    Anne M. Fagot

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  1. Anne M. Fagot
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  1. University of Oslo, Norway

    Guttorm Fløistad

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© 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London

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Fagot, A.M. (1982). Science et éthique. In: Fløistad, G. (eds) Philosophy of action / Philosophie de l’action. Contemporary philosophy / La philosophie contemporaine, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-3948-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-3948-7_11

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