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Plant and Insect Mycoplasma Techniques pp 307–326Cite as

Insect Vectors

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Abstract

The prokaryotic plant pathogens which are associated with yellows type diseases are found only in the vascular tissue of infected plants (see Chapter 3). This confers a need for specialised methods of transmission such as grafting, dodder (Chapter 3) and insects. Most insect vectors of plant diseases occur in two taxonomie groups, the Stern- orrhyncha (aphids and psyllids) and the Auchenorrhyncha (leaf- hoppers, planthoppers, froghoppers). The aphids transmit most of the insect-transmitted viruses, with over 200 species transmitting some 250 viruses. More than 150 species of ‘hoppers’ transmit some 120 diseases of which most are associated with prokaryotic pathogens. Vectors are known for more than half the 100 mycoplasma-associated diseases of plants (Tsai, 1979) and in most cases these are leafhoppers (Cicadellids); but froghoppers (Cercopids), planthoppers (Fulgorids) and psyllids have also been implicated (Nielson, 1979). There is a single unconfirmed report of an aphid acting as a vector of an MLO associated with a rosette disease of Easter Lily (Wang and Hughes, 1976). Although the number of vector species represents only about 2% of the known species of leafhoppers, the majority of vectors are in the most phylogenetically advanced subfamilies (Nielson, 1979). In fact 76 species out of the 130 leafhopper vector-species occur in one of the most phylogenetically advanced subfamilies, the Deltocephalinae.

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  1. P. G. Markham
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  1. John Innes Institute, Colney Lane, NR4 7UH, Norwich, England

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© 1982 M.J. Daniels and P.G. Markham

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Markham, P.G. (1982). Insect Vectors. In: Daniels, M.J., Markham, P.G. (eds) Plant and Insect Mycoplasma Techniques. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1164-3_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1164-3_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-015-1166-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-1164-3

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