Abstract
The poultry industry recognized early in its development that to compete with the ruminant, feed costs would have to be kept as low as possible. So the industry turned to industrial and farm by-products that were considered waste as possible sources of cheap nutrients. These efforts have resulted in a regulatory system that consists of private (Association of the American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), American Feed Manufacturers Association (AFMA)), and state and federal regulators, including the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to insure the cleanliness and wholesomeness of the products that are developed. The products are defined in the standards by AAFCO, and the scientific information on these products is based on reviews by the National Research Council, a branch of the National Academy of Sciences. Such reviews have led to publication of the nutritive quality of the products as in the latest edition of Nutrient Requirements of Poultry (NAS-NRC, 1984), now undergoing an updating. The products covered in this chapter, which would ordinarily be considered waste, if used for animal feeding purposes, go through thorough testing and evaluation before being used commercially. Thus, recycling an upgraded waste is a benefit to the public, industry, and the environment. Recent societal pressures on restrictions involving animal waste disposal in registered land fills, on farm lands, and general dumping that could harm the quality of soil and water, demand an urgent re-evaluation of what is considered waste and its possible recycling. This chapter indicates how older and newer techniques in recycling poultry wastes not only reduce contamination problems but also benefit all concerned with reduced costs and nutritional benefits.
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Polin, D. (1992). Feathers, Feather Meal and Other Poultry By-Products. In: Pearson, A.M., Dutson, T.R. (eds) Inedible Meat by-Products. Advances in Meat Research Series, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7933-1_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7933-1_8
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