Abstract
The widespread use of pesticides in the production of food and fiber has resulted in the occurrence of pesticide residues in raw agricultural crops (fruit and vegetables), milk and dairy products, and processed foods. This fact should not surprise any citizen in 1983 and certainly does not imply that our food supply is not safe for human consumption. The Federal Government, mainly through two agencies, the FDA and EPA, has recognized that the presence of small amounts of pesticides might be inevitable and has established, therefore, the concept of so-called “tolerances” or “food additives” (Sections 402, 408, and 409 of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetics Act).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
AOAC. 1975. Official Methods of Analysis, 12th ed. Assoc. Off. Analyt. Chem., Washington, DC.
AOAC. 1980. Official Methods of Analysis, 13th ed. Methods 29.077-29.085. Assoc. Off. Analyt. Chem., Arlington, VA.
ANON. 1980a. Pesticide Analytical Manual, Vols. I and II. B. McMahon and C.D. Sawyer (Editors). Dept. of Health & Human Services, FDA, Washington, DC.
ANON. 1980b. Modified Luke procedure with limited gas Chromatographic determinative step for some organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides. FDA Laboratory Information Bull. No. 2434 (Los Angeles District Pesticide Team). 13 pp.
ANON. 1982. Compliance Program Report of Findings. FY 79 Total Diet Studies-Infants and Toddlers (7305.002). U.S. Dept. of Health & Human Services, Public Health Service, FDA Bureau of Foods, Washington, DC.
ANON. 1983. Automatically isolate carbaryl from a complex matrix. B65/82549/March, 1983. Waters Assoc, Milford, MA.
ARCHER, T.E., and Zweig, G. 1959. Direct colorimetric analysis of cholinesteraseinhibiting insecticides with indophenyl acetate. J. Agric. Food Chem. 7 (3), 178–181.
BLAKLEY, C.R., and Vestal, M.L. 1983. Thermospray interface for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 55 (4), 750–754.
COULSON, D.M., and Cavanagh, L.A. 1960. Automatic chloride analyzer. Anal. Chem. 32 (10), 1245–1247.
COULSON, D.M., Cavanagh, L.A., and Stuart, J. 1959. Gas chromatography of pesticides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 7 (4), 250–251.
FOLLWEILER, J.M., and Sherma, J. 1984. Pesticides and related organic chemicals. In Handbook of Chromatography. G. Zweig and J. Sherma (Editors). CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL.
GRIFFITHS, P.R. 1977. Recent applications of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry in chemical and environmental analysis. Applied Spectr. 31 (6), 497–505.
HANKS, A.R., and Colvin, B.M. 1981. High performance liquid chromatography. In Pesticide Analysis. K.G. Das (Editor). Marcel Dekker, New York.
HAUCK, H.E., and Amadori, E. 1980. Recent developments in high-performance thin-layer chromatography and application to pesticide analysis. In Pesticide Analytical Methodology. ACS Symp. Ser. 136. J. Harvey, Jr., and G. Zweig (Editors). Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, DC.
HOLLAND, P.T., and Greenhalgh, R. 1981. Selection of gas Chromatographic detectors for pesticide residue analysis. In Analysis of Pesticide Residues. H. Anson Moye (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
HOPPER, M.L. 1982. Automated gel permeation system for rapid separation of industrial chemicals and organophosphate and chlorinated pesticides from fat. J. Agric. Food Chem. 30(6) 1038–1041.
IVIE, K.F. 1980. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in pesticide residue analysis. In Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators, Vol. XI, Updated General Techniques and Additional Pesticides. G. Zweig and J. Sherma (Editors). Academic Press, New York.
JENNINGS, W. 1980. Gas Chromatography with Glass Capillary Columns. 2nd ed. Academic Press, New York.
KISSINGER, P.T., Bratin, K., King, W.P., and Rice, J.R. 1980. Electrochemical detection of picomole amounts of oxidizable and reducible residues separated by liquid chromatography. In Pesticide Analytical Methodology. ACS Symp. Ser. 136. J. Harvey, Jr. and G. Zweig (Editors). Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, DC.
KRAUSE, R.T. 1980. Multiresidue method for determination of N-methylcarbamate insecticides in crops using HPLC. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 63 (5), 1114–1124.
LANGHORST, M.L., and Shadoff, L.A. 1980. Determination of parts-per-trillion concentrations of tetra-, hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins in human milk samples. Anal. Chem. 52 (13), 2037–2044.
LAWRENCE, J.F., and Turton, D. 1978. High-performance liquid Chromatographic data for 166 pesticides. J. Chromatogr. 159 (2), 207–226.
LAWRENCE, J.F. 1981. Organic Trace Analysis by Liquid Chromatography. Academic Press, New York.
LAWRENCE, J.F. 1982. High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Pesticides, Vol. XII of Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators. G. Zweig and J. Sherma (Editors). Academic Press, New York.
LOWRY, S.R., and Gray, C.L. 1980. Some applications of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to pesticide analysis. In Pesticide Analytical Methodology. ACS Symp. Ser. 136. J. Harvey, Jr. and G. Zweig (Editors). Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC.
LUKE, M.A., Froberg, J.E., and Masumoto, H.T. 1975. Extraction and cleanup of organochlorine, organophosphate, organonitrogen, and hydrocarbon pesticides in produce for determination by gas-liquid chromatography. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 58 (5), 1020–1026.
LUKE, M.A., Froberg. J.E., Doose, G.M., and Masumoto, H.T. 1981. Improved multiresidue gas Chromatographie determination of organophosphorus, organonitrogen, and organohalogen pesticides in produce, using flame photometric and electrolytic conductivity detectors. J. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chemists 64 (5), 1187–1195.
LUKE, M.A., and Masumoto H.T. 1982. Pesticides and related substances. In Handbook of Carcinogens and Hazardous Substances. Chemical and Trace Analysis. M.C. Bowman (Editor). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
MALLET, V.N. 1980. Quantitative thin-layer chromatography of pesticides by in situ fluorometry. In Pesticide Analytical Methodology. ACS Symp. Ser. 136. J. Harvey, Jr. and G. Zweig (Editors). Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, DC.
McFADDEN, W.H. 1980. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry systems and applications. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 18, 97–115.
MCLEAN, H., and Truman, C. 1983. Unpublished data. Univ. of California, Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Health Res. Lab., Richmond, CA 94804.
MCMAHON, B., and Burke, J.A. 1978. Analytical behavior data for chemicals determined using AOAC multiresidue methodology for pesticide residues in food. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 61(3) 640–652.
MOYE, H.A., and St. John, P.A. 1980. A critical comparison of pre-column and postcolumn fluorogenic labeling for the HPLC analysis of pesticide residues. In Pesticide Analytical Methodology. J. Harvey, Jr., and G. Zweig (Editors). ACS Symp. Ser. 136. Am. Chem. Soc, Washington, DC.
MOYE, H.A. 1981. High performance liquid Chromatographic analysis of pesticide residues. In Analysis of Pesticide Residues. H. Anson Moye (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
REYNOLDS, L.M. 1969. Polychlorobiphenyls (PCB’s) and their interference with pesticide residue analysis. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 4 (3) 128–143.
SEIBER, J.N. 1981. Carbamate insecticide residue analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. In Analysis of Pesticide Residues. H. Anson Moye (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
SHERMA, J. 1974. Thin layer chromatography: Recent advances. In Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators. Vol. VII. G. Zweig and J. Sherma (Editors). Academic Press, New York.
SHERMA, J. 1980. Quantitative thin-layer chromatography (TLC). In Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators. Vol. XI. Updated General Techniques and Additional Pesticides. G. Zweig and J. Sherma (Editors). Academic Press, New York.
STAN, H.-J. 1981. Combined gas chromatography — mass spectrometry. In Pesticide Analysis. K.G. Das (Editor). Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York and Basel.
THOMPSON, J.F., and Watts, R.R. 1981. Gas Chromatographic columns in pesticide analysis. In Analysis of Pesticide Residues. H. Anson Moye (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
WALL, D.L., and Mantz, A.W. 1977. High sensitivity infrared spectroscopy of gas Chromatographie peaks. Appl. Spectr. 31 (6), 552–560.
YURAWECZ, M.P. 1976. Analytical behavior of early eluting industrial chemicals. GLC data file and retrieval system. FDA Lab. Information Bull. No. 1710 A.
ZWEIG, G. and Archer, T.E. 1958. Residue determination of Sevin (1-napthyl N-methylcarbamate) in wine by Cholinesterase inhibition and paper chromatography. J. Agric. Food Chem. 6 (12), 910–913.
ZWEIG, G. (Editor). 1963. Analytical Methods for Pesticides, Plant Growth Regulators, and Food Additives. Vol. 1. Principles, Methods, and General Application. Academic Press, New York.
ZWEIG, G. 1964. Chromatographie methods for pesticide residue analysis. Chromatogr. Rev. 6, 110–127.
ZWEIG, G., and GAO, R-y. 1983. A rapid analytical method for benomyl of HPLC. Anal. Chem. 55, 1448–1451.
ZWEIG, G., GAO, R-y, Witt, J.M., Popendorf, W.J., and Bogen, K. 1984. Dermal exposure to carbaryl by strawberry harvesters. Abstr. Amer. Chem. Soc. Meet., St. Louis, PEST 52.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 The AVI Publishing Company, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Zweig, G. (1984). Recent Developments in the Analysis of Pesticides. In: Stewart, K.K., Whitaker, J.R. (eds) Modern Methods of Food Analysis. ift Basic Symposium Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7379-7_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7379-7_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-011-7381-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-7379-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive