Skip to main content

Effects of Agricultural Practices, Handling, Processing, and Storage on Meat

  • Chapter

Abstract

A total production of 137 million tons of meat was produced in 1979, and pork, beef, poultry, sheep, and goat meat accounted for 97% of this total (Jensen 1980). A great percentage of the meat is consumed in the country in which it is produced, with only 5% being exported [excluding trade between European Economic Community (EEC) countries], and the developing countries, if considered as a block, import approximately the same amount as they export (FAO 1980).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Altman, P. L., and Dittmer, D. S. 1962. Growth Federation. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol., Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • AMA 1978. Sodium and Potassium in American Foods. Conference Proceeding. Am. Med. Assoc, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ammerman, C. B., Chapman, H. L., Bowman, G. W., Fontenot, J. P., Bagley, C. P., and Moxon, A. L. 1980. Effect of supplemental selenium for beef cows on the performance and tissue selenium concentration of cows and suckling calves. J. Anim. Sci. 51, 1381–1386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ashton, G. C., Kastelic, J., Acker, D. C., Jensen, A. H., Maddock, H. M., Kline, E. A., and Catron, D. V. 1955. Protein levels and carcass leanness. J. Anim. Sci. 14, 82–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barbella, N. G., Hankins, O. G., and Alexander, L. M. 1936. The influence of retarded growth in lambs on flavor and other characteristics of the meat. Proc. Am. Soc. Anim. Prod., 29th Ann. Mtg., 289–294.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beeson, K. C. 1941. The mineral composition of crops with particular reference to the soils in which they were grown. USDA Misc. Publ. 369. Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bender, A. E. 1981. Meeting nutritional needs in meat. In Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berg, J. W. 1975. Can nutrition explain the pattern of international epidemiology of hormone-dependent cancers. Cancer Res. 35, 33–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Botkin, M. P., Field, R. A., Riley, M. L., Nolan, J. C., Jr., and Roehrkasse, G. P. 1969. Heritability of carcass traits in lamb. J. Anim. Sci. 29, 251–255.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braude, R. 1975. Copper as a performance promoter in pigs. Copper in Farming Symposium, Copper Devel. Assoc, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Braude, R., and Ryder, K. 1973. Copper levels in diets of growing pigs. J. Agric. Sci. 80, 489–493.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, G. M. 1980. Meat in nutrition and health—An overview. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Broquist, H. P., and Kohler, A. R. 1953. Studies of the antibiotic potency in meat animals fed Chlortetracycline. In Antibiotics Annual. Medical Enclyclopdia, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckley J., and Connolly, J. F. 1980. Influence of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) on storage stability of raw pork and bacon. J. Food Prot. 34, 265–267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burkitt, D. P. 1971. Epidemiology of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 28, 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burris, M. J., Bogast, R., and Oliver, A. W. 1953. Effect of male hormones on beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 12, 740–746.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byerly, T. C. 1975. Effects of agricultural practices on foods of animal origin. In Nutritional Evaluation of Food Processing. 2nd Edition. AVI Publishing Co., Westport, CT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campanini, G., Maggi, E. and Artioli, D. 1980. Present situation of organochlorine pesticide residues in food of animal origin in Italy. World Rev. Nutr. Diet. 35, 129–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • CAST 1980. Foods from Animals: Quantity, Quality and Safety. Report 82. Council for Agric. Sci. and Technol., Ames, IA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Classen, H. G. 1977. Erfolgreiche Tierversuche mit vorbeugendem Medikament gegen Herzinfarkt. AID—Info. 24/9, 54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clausen, H. J. 1956. Influence of antibiotics on carcass quality of pigs. In Antibiotics in Agriculture. Publ. 397. National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crisetig, G., Mora, A., and Viviani, R. 1975. Residus des composes organochlores dans les tissue des bovins. Folia Vet. Latina 5, 1–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cundiff, L. V., Gregory, K. E., Koch, R. M., and Dickerson, G. E. 1969. Genetic variation in total and differential growth of carcass components in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 29, 233–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curley, A., Sedlak, V. A., Girling, E. F., Hawk, A. E., Barthel, W. F., Price, P. E., and Likoky, W. H. 1971. Organic Hg identified as the cause of poisoning in humans and hogs. Science 172, 65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, G. K. 1981. Bioavailability of nutrients. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dayton, S. 1975. Nutrition and atherosclerosis. Prog. Food Nutr. Sci. 1, 191.

    Google Scholar 

  • DeCampos, M., Gutierney, B., and Olszyna-Marzys, A. E. 1979. Correlation between total DDT residues in blood and fat of beef cattle. J. Food Prot. 42, 948–949, 953.

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Health and Social Security 1974. Report on Health and Social Subjects, 7: Diet and Coronary Heart Disease. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Department of Health and Social Security 1980. Foods which simulate meat. Report on Health and Social Subjects 17. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dinius, D. A., Bimsfield, T. A., and Williams, E. E. 1973. Effect of subclinical lead intake on calves. J. Anim. Sci. 37, 169–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dockerty, T. R., Cahill, V. R., Ockerman, H. W., Fox, D. G., and Johnson, R. R. 1973. Carcass development in beef cattle subsequent to interrupted growth. J. Anim. Sci. 36, 1057–1062.

    Google Scholar 

  • Draper, C. I., Harris, J. R., Greenwood, D. A., Biddulph, C., Harris, L. E., Mangelson, F., Binnus, W., and Miner, M. L. 1952. The transfer of DDT from feed to eggs and body tissue of White Leghorn hens. Poult. Sci. 31, 388–393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dryden, F. B., and Marchello, J. A. 1973. Influence of dietary fats on carcass lipid composition in the bovine. J. Anim. Sci. 37, 33–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duggan, R. E. 1968. Pesticide residue levels in foods in the United States from July 1, 1963 to June 30, 1967. Pest. Monit. J. 2, 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duggan, R. E., Barry, H. C., and Johnson, L. Y. 1966. Pesticide residues in total diet samples. Science 151, 101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durury, J. S., and Hammons, A. S. 1979. Cadmium in foods: A review of the world’s literature. Report 1979. EPA/560/2–708/007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eli Lilly 1982. Compudose. Technical Manual. Elanco Products Co., Indianapolis, IN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, N. R., and Hankins, O. G. 1925. Soft pork studies. J. Biol. Chem. 66, 101–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Enig, M. G., Munn, R. J., and Keeney, M. 1978. Dietary fat and cancer trends. A critique. Fed. Proc. 37, 2215.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO 1971. Agricultural Commodity Projections, 1970–1980. FAO, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO 1977. The Fourth World Food Survey. FAO Statistics Series 11. FAO, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO 1980. World Meat Situation and Outlook. CCP:ME 80/Misc. Commodities and Trade Division. FAO, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO/OMS 1972. Evaluation de certains additifs alimentaires et des contaminants: Mercure, plomb et cadmium. 16. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • FDA 1972. Diethylstilbestrol: Revocation of all provisions for use in animal feed. Fed. Regist. 37, No. 236, 26307.

    Google Scholar 

  • FDA 1973A. Diethylstilbestrol: Order denying a hearing and withdrawing approval of new drug applications for diethylstilbestrol implants. Fed. Regist. 38, No. 81, 10185.

    Google Scholar 

  • FDA 1973B. Diethylstilbestrol. Health, Education, Welfare New Release 73–17, April 25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferrando, R. 1981. Residue of meats and additives studies and perspective. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flynn, M. A., Nolph, G. B., Flynn, T. C., Kahrs, R., and Krause, G. 1979. Effect of dietary egg on human serum cholesterol and triglycerides. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32:1051.

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Nutrition Board (FNB) 1980. Toward Healthful Diets. National Academy of Science, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrest, J. C., Aberle, E. D., Hedrick, H. B., Judge, M. D., and Merkel, R. A. 1975. Principles of Meat Science. Freeman, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frost, D. V., and Spruth, H. C. 1956. Arsenicals in feeds. In Symposium on Medicated Foods. Medical Encyclopedia, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Glueck, C. J. 1979. Appraisal of dietary fat as a causative factor in atherogenesis. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 32, 2637.

    Google Scholar 

  • Haselein, I., Grubmann, H. D., and Schulz, W. 1973. Intoxications par le mercure et residus dams les aliments chez des porcs ayant consomme des cereales traitees per des composes mercuriels. Monatsh. Veterinaermed. 28, 54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawkins, D. R., Handirson, E. H., and Newland, H. W. 1972. Melengesterol acetate and feedlot performance. J. Anim. Sci. 35, 1257–1262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hazel, L. N., and Terrill, C. E. 1946. Heritability of weanling traits in range sheep. J. Anim. Sci. 5, 371–377.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hecht, H. 1977. Teneurs en elements toxiques de la viande. Ber. Landwirtsch. 55, 828.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemken, R. W. 1980. Milk and meat iodine content: Relation to human health. J. Vet. Med. 176, 1119–1121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hendricks, D. G., Mahoney, A. W., and Gillett, T. 1947. Influence of removing connective tissue, cooking and nitrite curing on the protein quality of beef shank muscle. J. Food Sci. 42, 186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, J. E., Flaim, E., Thye, F. W., and Ritchey, S. J. 1979A. Effects of whole egg consumption on serum cholesterol HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides in exercising and nonexercising males. Fed. Proc. 38(1), 550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hill, P., Reddy, B. S., and Wynder, E. L. 1979B. Effect of unsaturated fats and cholesterol on serum and fecal lipids. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 75, 414.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiner, R. L., and Bond, J. 1971. Growth of muscle and fat in beef steers from 6 to 36 months of age. J. Anim. Sci. 32, 225–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoagland, R., Hankins, O. G., Nellis, N. R., Hiner, R. L., and Snider, G. G. 1947. Composition and nutritive value of hams as affected by method of curing. Food Technol. 1, 540.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holm, J. 1976A. Recherches sur les teneurs en plomb et cadmium d’echantillons d’ organes ou de viandes de volailles. Fleischwirtschaft 56, 1649.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holm, J. 1976B. Studies on lead and cadmium levels in meat and organ samples from slaughter animals. Fleischwirtschaft 56, 413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, J. H. 1980. Meat in international dietary patterns. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jukes, T. H. 1955. Antibiotics in Nutrition. Medical Encyclopedia, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolari, E. 1980. Salt dietary concerns. Proc. Meat Ind. Res. Conf. American Meat Institute, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolbye, A., and Nelson, M. A. 1977. Health and safety aspects of the use of mechanically deboned meat. Final report and recommendations. Select Panel, Meat and Poultry Inspection Program, Food Safety and Quality Service. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kreuzer, W., Kracke, W., Sansoni, B., and Wissmath, P. 1978. Lead and cadmium contents in the meat and organs of slaughter cattle. 1. Cattle from an area where there is little contamination of the environment. Fleischwirtschaft 58, 1022.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kritchevsky, D. 1981. Current concepts in colon carcinogenesis. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krol, B., and Tinbergen, B. J. (Editors) 1974. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Nitrite in Meat Products. Center for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Pudoc), Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lima, F. R., Stahly, T. S., and Cromwell, G. L. 1981. Effect of copper, with and without ferrous sulfide and antibiotics on the performance of pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 52, 241–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manske, D. D., and Johnson, R. D. 1977. Pesticides and other chemical residues in total diet samples. Pest. Monit. J. 10, 134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsden, S. J., and Bird, H. R. 1947. Effects of DDT on growing turkeys. Poult. Sci. 26, 3–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masironi, R. 1975. International studies on trace elements in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. Proc. Ninth Int. Congr. Nutr., Mexico, 1972. Vol 1, p. 123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagy, S., Tartia, G., Muresan, C., and Iancut, A. 1975. Le plomb dans quelques types d’ aliments d’ origine animale provenant de regions polluees. Rev. Ig. Bacteriol. Virusol. Parazitol. Epidemiol. Pneumoftizol Ig., 24, 25.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Research Council (NRC) 1977. Copper. National Academy of Science, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson, N. 1971. Hazards of mercury. Environ. Res. 4, 1–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nichols, A B., Ravenscroft, C., Lamphire, D.E., and Ostrander, L. D. 1976. Independence of serum lipid levels and dietary habits. The Tucumseh Study. JAMA 236, 1548.

    Google Scholar 

  • NLSMB 1983A. Meat Board Reports, January. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • NLSMB 1983B. Meat Board Reports, March, National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ockerman, H. W. 1980. Chemistry of Meat Tissue. Department of Animal Science, Ohio State Univ., Columbus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ockerman, H. W. 1981. Quality Control of Post-Mortem Tissues. Vol.1. Department of Animal Science, Ohio State Univ. Columbus.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, P., and Meyer, O. 1977. Carcinogenicity study on rats fed on canned heated nitrite treated meat: Preliminary communication P. 275. In Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Nitrite in Meat Products. B. Krol and B. J. Tinbergen (Editors) Center for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation (Puboc), Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • OMS-FAO Committee 1979. OMS (WHO) et Comites mixtes FAO-OMS. Serie de rapports techniques sur les residus de pesticides dans les produits alimentaires. 15. FAO, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pearson, A. M. 1983. What’s new in research. Nat. Provisioner 188(20), 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plimpton, R. F., Ockerman, H. W., Teague, H. S., Grifo, A. P., and Cahill, V. R. 1971. Palatability, composition and quality of boar pork. J. Anim. Sci. 32, 51–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Porter, M. W., and Flynn, M. H. 1977. Effect of dietary egg on serum cholesterol and triglyceride of human males. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 30, 490.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, T. J., Hays, V. W, and Cromwell, G. L. 1979. Effects of copper sulfate and ferrous sulfide on performance and liver copper and iron stores of pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 49, 507.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prior, M. G. 1976. Lead and mercury residues in kidney and liver of Canadian slaughter animals. Can. J. Comp. Med. 40, 9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, D. E., Hale, W. H., and Marchello, J. A. 1969. Influence of season, sex and hormonal growth stimulant on feed-lot performance of beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 29, 490–495.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richmond, J. B. 1979. Healthy People. The Surgeon General’s report on health promotion and disease prevention. U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service. Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogowski, B. 1981. Inquiries into cardiovascular disease. In Meat in Nutrition and Health. National Live Stock and Meat Board, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenbloom, N. J., and Potter, N. N. 1981. Effects of processing on zinc levels in spinach, beef and potatoes. J. Food Sci. 46, 1707–1709.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, A. C., Minick, C. R., and Zilversmith, D. B. 1978. Equal artherosclerosis in rabbits fed cholesterol-free, low fat diet or cholesterol-supplemented diets. Atherosclerosis 29, 301.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, M., Bird, H. R., Green, N., and Carter, R. H. 1947. Toxicity of DDT to laying hens. Poult. Sci. 26, 410–413.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rumsey, T. S., Oltjen, R. R., Bovard, K. P., and Priode, B. M. 1972. Depot fat composition in beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 35, 1069–1075.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schricker, B. R., Miller, D. D., and Stouffer, J. R. 1982. Content of zinc in selected muscles from beef, pork and lamb. J. Food Sci. 47, 1020, 1022.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. 1977A. Dietary Goals for the United States. U.S. Gov’t. Printing Office, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Senate Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. 1977B. Dietary Goals for the United States. Revised Edition. U.S. Gov’t. Printing Office, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, G. C. (Task Force Chairman) 1980. Foods from Animals: Quantity, Quality and Safety. Report 82. CAST, Ames, IA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spalding J. F. 1972. Pesticide and heavy metal residues. In Proc. Meat Inst. Res. Conf., American Meat Institute Foundation, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadelman, W. J. 1973. Record of some chemical residues in poultry products. Bioscience 23, 424–428.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stadelman, W. J., 1965. Persistence of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide residues in chicken tissue and eggs. Poult. Sci. 44, 435–437.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swann, M. 1969. Report. Joint Committee on Use of Antibiotics in Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine. Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terrell, R. N., and Olson, D. G. 1981. Shelf-Stability and Safety of Reduced Sodium Products. Proceedings of the Meat Research Conference. American Meat Institute, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1973. Reports on residues found in meat and poultry. USDA Press Rel. 2475, Aug. 10, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1974. Fats in Food and Diet. Bull. 361. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1975. Nutritive Value of American Foods. USDA Handbook 456. Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1978. Composition of food. In Agriculture Handbook 8–3. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1978. Nutritive Value of Foods. Home and Garden Bull. 72. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1979. Agriculture Handbook 8–4. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1980. Composition of foods: Sausage and luncheon meats. In Agriculture Handbook 8–7. USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1981. Home and Garden Bull. 94. Human Nutrition Service, USDA, Washington, DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Logten, M. J., den Tonkelaac, E. M., Kroes, R., Berkvens, J. M., and Van Esch, G. J. 1972. Long-term experiment with canned meat treated with sodium nitrite and glucono delta lactone in rats. Food Cosmet. Toxicol. 10, 475.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vemmer, H., and Petersen, U. 1977. Lead and cadmium contents of various tissues in normal fed feeder pigs. Landwirtsch. Forsch. Sonderh. 34, 62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voors, A. W., and Johnson, W. D. 1979. Altitude and arteriosclerotic heart disease mortality in white residents of 99 of the 100 largest cities in the United States. J. Chron. Dis. 32, 157.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warwick, E. J. 1968. Effective performance recording in beef cattle. In Proceedings Second World Congress on Animal Production. Bruce Publishing Co., St. Paul, MN.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, S. A., Earle, M. D., and Cleland, A. C. 1981. Kinetics of vitamin A degradation in beef liver puree on heat processing. J. Food Sci. 46, 32–33, 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, S. A., Earle, M. D., and Cleland, A. C. 1982. Effects of food composition, pH and copper on the degradation of vitamin A in beef liver puree during heat processing. J. Food Sci. 47, 844–848.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, F. C., Palmer, J. S., and Riner, J. C. 1973A. Accumulation of mercury in tissues of cattle, sheep and chickens given the mercurial fungicide Panogen 150, Orally, J. Agric. Food Chem. 21, 414–416.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wright, F. C., Palmer, J. S., and Riner, J. C. 1973B. Retention of mercury in tissue of cattle and sheep given oral doses of a mercurial fungicide. Ceresan M. J. Agr. Food Chem. 21, 614–618.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yudkin, J. 1972. Sucrose and cardiovascular disease. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 31, 331.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Ockerman, H.W. (1988). Effects of Agricultural Practices, Handling, Processing, and Storage on Meat. In: Karmas, E., Harris, R.S. (eds) Nutritional Evaluation of Food Processing. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7030-7_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7030-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-7032-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-7030-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics