Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Available reclamation methods

  • Chapter
Reclaiming Contaminated Land

Abstract

Consideration of what reclamation or treatment methods may be adopted can only properly be done once a comprehensive site investigation has been carried out (see Chapter 4). Environmental pollution is usually viewed in terms of a source and of pathways to a target at risk. Once a risk is identified, the options available are to eliminate the source, remove the target, or to cut or restrict the pathways (Figures 5.1 and 5.2). All three options are available, singularly or together, for dealing with contaminated land.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Johnson, M.S. and Bradshaw, A.D. (1977) Prevention of heavy metal pollution from mine wastes by vegetative stabilisation. Trans. Inst. Mining and Metallurgy, (Section A), 86, A47–A56.

    Google Scholar 

  2. EEC Directive on drinking water. CEC Official Journal.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Smith, M. A. (1982) Contamination and the built environment. Proc. Seminar Policy Analysis for Housing and Planning, Planning and Transport Research Centre, Summer Meeting, Warwick, (PTRC, London 1982), 37–50.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Heeps, K.D. (1982) The reclamation of a disused sewage works. Public Health Eng., 10(4) 213–4 & 218.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Lowe, G.W. (1984) Investigation of land at Thamesmead and assessment of remedial measures to bring contaminated sites into beneficial use. Ref: 50, 560–564.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Survey of Contaminated Land in Wales (1984) Welsh Office, Cardiff.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Haines, R. (1984) Identification and assessment of contaminated land. Ecotec Research and Consultancy, Birmingham.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Barry, D. (1981) Prospective Survey of contaminated Sites. Atkins Research and Development, Epsom.

    Google Scholar 

  9. British Standard 6187: (1982) Code of Practice for demolition, British Standards Institution, London.

    Google Scholar 

  10. The Building Regulations, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Building Act, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  12. The Building Regulations, 1985: Site Preparation and Resistance to Moisture: Approved Documents: C1/2/3 Site Preparation and Contaminants, C4 Resistance to Weather and Ground Moisture. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Stief, K. (1985) Long-term effectiveness of remedial measures. In Ref. 14, 13–36.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Smith, M.A. (ed.), (1985) Contaminated Land, Reclamation and Treatment, Plenum, New York and London.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Assink, J.W. and Van den Brink, W.J. (eds.), (1986) Proc. 1st. International Conf., Contaminated Soil. Utrecht, 1985. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hoogendoom, D. and Rulkens, W.H. (1986) Selecting the approptiate remedial alternative: a systematic approach. In: Ref. 15, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lambert, W.P., Bone, L.J. and Sisk, W.E. (1984) Evaluation of advanced technologies for treatment of contaminated soils. In: Ref. 50, 412–419.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Armstrong, G.D. (1984) Local authority involvement in the decontamination of a tar distillery site. In: Contaminated Land: the London Experience. London Environmental Supplement No. 7, Greater London Council, London, 10–13.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Rulkens, W.H. Assink, J.W. and Th. Gemert, W.J. On-site Processing of Contaminated Soil. In: Ref. 14, 37–90.

    Google Scholar 

  20. de Leer, E.W.B. (1986) Thermal methods developed in the Netherlands for the cleaning of contaminated soil. In: Ref. 15, 645–654.

    Google Scholar 

  21. de Kreuk, J.F. (1986) The microbiological decontamination of excavated soil. In: Ref. 15, 669–677.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Assink, J.W. (1986) Extractive methods for soil decontamination; a general survey and review of operational treatment installations. In: Ref. 15, 655–668.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Robertsons Research International, Llandudno, Wales.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Brugger, J.E. et al., The EPA-ORD mobile incineration system: Present status’ report No. 167, Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills Branch, US. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, New Jersey.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Hazaga, D., Fields, S. and Clemons, G.P. (1984) Thermal treatment of solvent contaminated soils. In: Ref. 50, 404–406.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Noland, J.W. and Sisk, W.E. (1984) Incineration of explosives contaminated soil. In: Ref. 50, 203–206.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Khan, A.Q. and Thomas, G.A. (1980) In: Ref. 50, 226–232.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Various (1985) Conference papers: Biotechnology: new options in land decontamination, Birmingham. European Studies Conferences, Uppingham, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Mokveld, F.C.H., Huber, T.F. and Luijben, K.Ch.A.M. (1986) Reclamation of a contaminated soil with a bioreactor. In: Ref. 15, 895.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Bewley, R.J.F. (1986) A microbiological strategy for decontamination of polluted land. In: Ref. 15, 759–768.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Fredricks, A.N. A case study (of microbial treatment) from Holland. In: Ref. 27.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Biotechnica Limited, (1985) Promotional literature. Cardiff, United Kingdom.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Landreth, R.E. (1983) Physical properties and leach testing of solidified/stabilised industrial wastes. US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, (NTIS Order No. PB 83-147983).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Anon. (1985) Getting to grips with waste solidification. ENDS Report, (120), 11–13.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (1973) Lime and liming. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Lars-Gunnar, Lindfors, (1980) Reclamation of site of herbicide factory. Proc. Conf. Reclamation Contaminated Land, Eastbourne, Society of the Chemical Industry, London.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Anon. (1980) Measures for treating soil contamination caused by hexavalent chromium in Tokyo.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sanning, D.E. (1985) In-situ treatment. In: Ref. 14, 91–111.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Michelsen, D.A. (1984) The use of microdispersion of air in water for in-situ treatment of hazardous organics. In: Ref. 50, 398–403.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Rott, U. (1981) Protection and improvement of groundwater quality by oxidation processors in the aquifer. Proc. Intern. Symp. Quality of Groundwater, Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands. Studies in Environmental Science, Vol. 17. (ed. P. Glasbergen,) Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Barry, D.L. (1982) Treatment options for contaminated land. Atkins Research and Development, Epsom.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Bodocsi, A. Minkarah, I. and Randolph, B.W. (1984) Reactivity of various grouts to hazardous wastes and leachates. Proc. 10th Ann. Research symp. on Land disposal of hazardous wastes. US E.P.A. Cincinatti. Report 600/9-84-007, 43–51.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Fitzpatrick, V.F., Buelt, J.L., Oma, K.H. and Timmerman, C.L. In-situ vitrification—a potential remedial action technique for hazardous wastes. In: Ref. 50, 191–194.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Brown, K.W., Thomas, J.D. and Green, J. (1984) Permeability of compacted soils to solvent mixtures and petroleum products. Proc. Tenth Annual Research Symposium, Land Disposal of Hazardous Wastes. US Environmental Protection Agency, Report. EPA 600/9-84-007, 124–137.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Anderson, D.C., Gill, A. and Crawley, W. (1984) Barrier-leachate compatibility: permeability of cement/asphalt emulsions and contaminant resistant bentonite/soil mixtures to organic solvents. In: Ref. 50, 131–134.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Beine, P.R.A. and Geil, M. (1986) Physical properties of lining system under percolation of waste liquids and their investigation. In: Ref. 15, 863–866.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Childs, K. (1985) A. Management and treatment of groundwater: an introduction. B. In-ground barriers and hydraulic measures. C. Treatment of contaminated groundwater. D. Mathematical modelling of pollutant transport by groundwater at contaminated sites. In: Ref. 14, 141–205.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Weinberg, R., Heinze, E. and Forstner, U. (1986) Experiments on specific retardation of some organic contaminants by slurry trench materials. In: Ref. 15, 849–858.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Weststrate, F.A. and Loxham, M. (1986) The use of vertical cut off walls in the containment of pollutants. In: Ref. 15, 859–862.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Proc. Conf Management Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites, (1984) Washington D.C. Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute, Silver Spring, Maryland.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Hass, H.J. (1986) All round encapsulation of hazardous waste in the soil by means of grouting gets and sealing walls resistant to aggressive chemicals. In: Ref. 15, 867–870.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Slurry trench construction for pollution migration control (1984) US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC, Report EPA—540/2-84-001.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Coldewey, W.G. (ed.), (1984) Untersuchungen zur Wasserdurchlaessighkeit bindiger Boden. Investigation of the water permeability of cohesive soils. Mitteilungen der Westfaelischen Berggewerkshchaftskasse, No. 43.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Coldewey, W.G. (1984) Measurement of low permeability co-efficients by means of electronic instruments. In: Ref. 50, 584–587.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Sullivan, J.M., Lynch, D.R. and Iskandar, I.K. The economics of ground freezing for management of uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. In: Ref. 50, 386–392.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Parry, G.D.R. and Bell, R.M. (1985) Covering systems. In: Ref. 14, 113–139.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Bradshaw, A.D. and Chadwick, M.J. (1980) The restoration of land. Blackwell, London.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Coppin, N.J. and Bradshaw, A.D. (1982) Quarry reclamation. Mining Journal Books, London.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Williamson, N.A., Johnson, M.S. and Bradshaw, A.D. (1982) Mine wastes reclamation. Mining Journal Books, London.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Dutton, R.A. and Bradshaw, A.D. (1982) Land reclamation in cities. HMSO, London.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Handbook—Remedial Action at Waste Disposal Sites (1985) US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC, Report EPA/625/6-85-006.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Handboek bodemsaneringstechnieken. (Handbook of soil reconstruction techniques.) (1983) Staatsuitgeverij, The Hague, ISBN 90-12-04404-9.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Doubleday, G.P. (ed.) (1983) Reclamation of former iron and steelworks sites. Durham County Council/Cumbria County Council.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. M. A. Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Liverpool Polytechnic, USA

    T. Cairney BSc, PhD, CEng, MICE, MIWES (Dean of Construction) (Dean of Construction)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Blackie & Son Ltd

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Smith, M.A. (1987). Available reclamation methods. In: Cairney, T. (eds) Reclaiming Contaminated Land. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6504-4_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6504-4_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-6506-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-6504-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation