Skip to main content

Hagfish Blood Cells and their Formation

  • Chapter

Summary

Hagfishes have a large volume of extracellular fluid. The plasma is iso-osmotic to sea-water and contains organic components in similar concentrations as in other vertebrates. However, the composition of the plasma proteins is poorly known. Suspended free cells in the blood are erythrocytes and leukocytes. Prominent among the latter are granu-locytes, spindle cells, lymphocyte-like cells and immature blood cells (blast cells). Spindle cells and lymphocyte-like cells may to a limited extent resemble lymphocytes but also seem to be progenitors of other blood cells. Erythropoiesis goes on mainly in the circulating blood while granulopoiesis occurs extravascularly around portal vein branches in the intestinal submucosa. The blood coagulates by similar mechanisms as in other vertebrates, but the coagulation factors are insufficiently known. Some kind of thrombocytes are involved.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Aasa, R. (1972) Studies of hagfish transferrin by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientarum et Litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adam, H. (1963) Structure and histochemistry of the alimentary canal, in The Biology of Myxine (eds A. Brodai and R. Fänge), Scandinavian University Books, Oslo, pp. 256–288.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aisen, P., Leibman, A. and Sin, C.-L. (1972) Molecular weight and subunit structure of hagfish transferrin. Biochemistry, 11, 3461–3464.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ayers, H. (1933) A nematode parasite in myxinoids. Science, 78, 459.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Banfield, D.K., Irwin, D.M., Walz, D.A. and MacGillivray, R.T.A. (1994) Evolution of Prothrombin: isolation and characterization of the cDNAs encoding chicken and hagfish Prothrombin. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 38, 177–187.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bartlett, G.R. (1982) Phosphates in red cells of a hagfish and a lamprey. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (A), 73, 141–145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Borcea, I. (1905) Recherches sur le système urogenital des elasmobranches. Archives de Zoologie Experimentales et Génerales (4 sér.), 5, 199–484.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, U., Kjellström, B. and Antonsson, B. (1980) Purification and properties of cyclostome carbonic anhydrase from erythrocytes of hagfish. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 612, 160–170.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, A.K. (1964) The structure of the functional pronephros in larvae of Ambystoma opacum as studied by light and electron microscopy. American Journal of Anatomy, 115, 257–278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cole, F.J. (1913) A monograph on the general morphology of the myxinoid fishes, etc., Part V. The anatomy of the gut and its appendages. Transactions of the Royal Society, Edinburgh, 49, 293–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cole, F.J. (1925) Ibidem, Part VI. The morphology of the vascular system. Transactions of the Royal Society, Edinburgh, 54, 309–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davison, W., Baldwin, J., Davie, P.S., Forster, M.E. and Satchell, G.H. (1990) Exhausting exercise in the hagfish, Eptatretus cirrhatus: the anaerobic potential and the appearance of lactic acid in the blood. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (A), 95, 585–590.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Falkmer, S., Embdin, S.O., Östberg, Y., Mattisson, A., Johansson-Sjöbeck, M.-L. and Fänge, R. (1976) Tumor pathology of the hagfish, Myxine glutinosa, and the river lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis. Progress in Experimental Tumor Research, 20, 217–250.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. (1973) The lymphatic system of Myxine. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientarum et Litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 57–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. (1985) Regulation of blood and body fluids in primitive fish groups, in Evolutionary Biology of Primitive Fishes (eds R.E. Foreman, A. Gorbman, J.M. Dodd and R. Olsson), Plenum Press, New York and London, pp. 253–273.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. (1986) Lymphoid organs in sturgeons (Acipenseridae). Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 12, 153–161.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. and Edström, A. (1973) Incorporation of thymidine, uridine and leucine into blood cells of Myxine glutinosa. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientarum et Litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 49–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. and Gidholm, L. (1968) A macrophage system in Myxine glutinosa L. Naturwissenschaften, 55, 44.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. and Gidholm, L. (1973) Blood coagulation. Acta Regia Societatis Scientarum et Litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 51–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R., Johansson-Sjöbeck, M.-L. and Kanje, M. (1974) Transformation of spindle cells into lymphocyte-like cells in the blood from Myxine glutinosa. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 91, 13A–14A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fänge, R. and Zapata, A. (1985) Lymphomyeloid system and bodily defenses of hagfish, in Ontogeny and Phylogeny of the Immune System (ed. R.A. Good), Vol. 4, Chapter 2. Iwanami Shoten Publisher’s Immunology Series (Japanese Edition), pp. 59-76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forster, M.E. Davison, W., Satchell, G.H. and Taylor, H.H. (1989) The subcutaneous sinus of the hagfish, Eptatretus cirrhatus and its relations to the central circulating blood volume. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology (A), 93, 607–612.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fujii, T., Nakamura, T., Sekizawa, A. and Tomonaga, E. (1922) Isolation and characterization of a protein from hagfish serum that is homologous to the third component of the mammalian complement system. Journal of Immunology, 148, 117–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbertson, P., Wotherspoon, J. and Raison, R.L. (1986) Evolutionary development of lymphocyte heterogeneity: leucocyte subpopulations in the Pacific hagfish. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 10, 1–10.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Good, R.A. and Finstad, J. (1964) Phylogenetic development of transplantation immunity. Annals of The New York Academy of Science, 120, 15–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grodzinski, Z. (1926) Uber das Blutgefäss-system von Myxine glutinosa L. Bulletin international de l’Academie Polonaise des Sciences et des Lettres (B), 123-155.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffbrand, A.V. and Pettit, J.E. (1980) Essential Haematology, Blackwell Science Publications, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holmgren, N. (1950) On the pronephros and the blood in Myxine glutinosa. Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 31, 233–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johansen, K., Fänge, R. and Johannessen, M.W. (1962) Relations between blood, sinus fluid and lymph in Myxine glutinosa. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 7, 23–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, M.-L. (1973) Peroxidase in blood cells of fishes and cyclostomes. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientarum et litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 53–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, H.E. (1933) The evolution of blood-forming tissue. Quarterly Review of Biology, 8, 58–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, H.E. (1938) Blood and blood-forming organs of vertebrates, in Handbook of Hematology, Vol. 2 (ed. H. Downey), P.B. Hoeber, New York, pp. 715–862.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, H.E. and Speidel, C.C. (1930) Blood formation in cyclostomes. American Journal of Anatomy, 46, 355–391.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kohno, S., Nakai, S., Satoh, S., Yoshida, M. and Kobayashi, H. (1986) Chromosome elimination in the Japanese hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri (Agnatha, Cyclostomata). Cytogenet. Cell Genet., 41, 209–214.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Laird, M. (1952) Studies on the Trypanosomes of New Zealand fish. Proceedings of Zoological Society London, 121, 285–309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, Å., Johansson-Sjöbeck, M.-L. and Fänge, R. (1976) Comparative study of some haematological and biochemical blood parameters in fishes from the Skagerrak. Journal of Fish Biology, 9, 425–440.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Linna, T.J., Finstad, J. and Good, R.A. (1975) Cell proliferation in epithelial and lympho-hematopoietic tissues of cyclostomes. American Zoologist, 15, 29–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linthicum, D.S. (1975) Ultrastructure of hagfish blood leucocytes, in Immunologic Phylogeny (eds W.H. Hildeman and A.A. Benedict), Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 64, 241–250. Plenum Press, New York and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Malmberg, G. and Fernholm, B. (1991) Locomotion and attachment to the host of Myxinidocotyle and Acanthocotyle (Monogenea, Acanthocotylidae). Parasitology Research, 177, 415–420.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mattisson, A. and Fänge, R. (1977) Light-and electronmicroscopic observations on the blood cells of the Atlantic hagfish, Myxine glutinosa (L.). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 58, 205–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morris, J.L. (1981) Structure and function of ciliated peritoneal funnels in the toad kidney (Bufo marinus). Cell Tissue Research, 217, 599–610.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Müller, J. (1845) Untersuchungen über die Eingeweide der Fische. Schluss der vergleichenden Anatomie der Myxinoiden. Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin (1843), 109-170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsson, J.Y. (1973) Activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydrase (ALA-D) in organs of Myxine glutinosa. Acta Regiae Societatis Scientarum et Litterarum Gothoburgensis, Zoologica, 8, 84–85.

    Google Scholar 

  • Östberg, Y., Fänge, R., Mattisson, A. and Thomas, N.W. (1976) Light and electron microscopical characterization of heterophilic granulocytes in the intestinal wall and islet parenchyma of the hagfish, Myxine glutinosa (Cyclostomata). Acta Zoologica (Stockholm), 57, 89–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price, G.C. (1910) The structure and function of the adult head kidney of Bdellostoma stoutii. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 9, 849–864.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riviere, H.B., Cooper, E.L., Reddy, A.L. and Hildemann, W.H. (1975) In search of the hagfish thymus. American Zoologist, 15, 39–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, J.D. (1976) Chemical composition of the body fluids and muscle of the hagfish Myxine glutinosa and the rabbit-fish Chimaera monstrosa. Journal of Zoology, London, 178, 261–2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sakai, T., Tabata, N. and Suiko, M. (1989) Occurrence of biliverdin IX-alpha in the gall bladder bile of the hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri. Zoological Science (Tokyo), 6, 173–176.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, G. (1897) Ueber die Niere und die Abdominalporen von Squatina angelus. Anatomische Anzeiger, 13, 393.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schreiner, K.E. (1898) Zur Histologie des Darmkanals. Bergens Museums Aarbog, 1-16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sekhon, S.S. and Manwell, D.S. (1970) Fine structure of developing hagfish erythrocyte with particular reference to the cytoplasmic organelles. Journal of Morphology, 131, 211–236.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R.T. (1969) Origin of the spindle cell in Myxine. The Bulletin Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, 9, 60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strik, J.J.T.W.A. and Fänge, R. (1974) Erythropoietic porphyria in Myxine glutinosa. Abstract Fed. Verg. Med. Biol. Ver., 15, 345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Svedberg, T. and Hedenius, A. (1934) The Sedimentation constants of the respiratory proteins. Biological Bulletin (Woods Hole), 66, 191–223.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka, Y., Saito, Y. and Gotho, H. (1981) Vascular architecture and intestinal hematopoietic nests of two cyclostomes, Eptatretus burgeri and ammocoetes of Entosphenus reissneri: a comparative morphological study. Journal of Morphology, 170, 71–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenes, G.H. and Hildemann, W.H. (1970) Immunological responses of Pacific hagfish II. Serum antibody production to soluble antigens. Development Aspects of Antibody Formation and Structure (Sterz et al., eds), Vol. 2, pp. 711–726. Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Prague; Academic Press, New York and London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomonaga, S., Hirokane, T. and Awaya, K. (1973a) Lymphoid cells in the hagfish. Zoological Magazine (Japan), 82, 133–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomonaga, S., Shinohara, H. and Awaya, K. (1973b) Fine structure of the peripheral blood cells of the hagfish. Zoological Magazine (Japan), 82, 211–214.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomonaga, S., Hirokane, T., Shinohara, S. and Awaya, K. (1973c) The primitive spleen of the hagfish. Zoologica Magazine (Japan), 82, 215–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomonaga, S., Yamaguchi, K., Ihara, K. and Awaya, K. (1986) Mononuclear phagocytic cells (Kupffer cells) in hagfish liver sinusoids. Zoological Science, 3, 613–620.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tufts, B.L. and Boutilier, R.G. (1990a) Carbon dioxide transport in agnathan blood: Evidence of erythrocyte chloride ion-bicarbondate ion exchange limitations. Respiration Physiology, 80, 335–348.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tufts, B.L. and Boutilier, R.G. (1990b) Carbon dioxide transport properties of the blood of a primitive vertebrate, Myxine glutinosa (L.). Experimental Biology (Berlin), 48, 341–347.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, R.M.G., Forster, M.E. Davison, W., Taylor, H.H., Davie, P.S. and Satchell, G.H. (1986) Blood oxygen transport in the free-swimming hagfish, Eptatretus cirratus. Journal of Experimental Biology, 123, 43–53.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zapata, A., Fänge, R., Mattisson, A. and Villena, A. (1984) Plasma cells in adult hagfish, Myxine glutinosa. Cell Tissue Research, 235, 691–693.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fänge, R. (1998). Hagfish Blood Cells and their Formation. In: The Biology of Hagfishes. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5834-3_18

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5834-3_18

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6465-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5834-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics