Abstract
The development of two-dimensional echocardiography represented a major advance in non-invasive imaging of the heart. In regard to the evaluation of the left ventricle, this technique enabled one to determine the size of the left ventricular cavity at end-diastole and end-systole which provided a measure of stroke volume and permitted estimation of left ventricular ejection fraction. Two-dimensional echocardiography also enabled assessment of the thickness of the walls of the heart and the change in wall thickness from diastole to systole. Assessment of regional wall thickening and segmental wall motion made echocardiography the non-invasive study of choice for the evaluation of patients with coronary artery disease. A limitation of echocardiography results from the fact that physical characteristics of many patients preclude generation of images that are of sufficiently high quality to permit complete assessment of regional and global left ventricular function. This is most important in the assessment of ischemic heart disease, wherein incomplete echocardiograms are observed in up to 36% of patients [1]. This restriction has prompted the development of echo-cardiographic contrast agents as a means of enhancing the diagnostic capabilities of clinical two-dimensional echocardiograms.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Broderick TM, Bourdillon PDV, Ryan T, Feigenbaum H, Dillon JC, Armstrong WF. Comparison of regional and global left ventricular function by serial echocardiograms after reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1989; 2: 315–23.
Crouse LJ, Cheirif J, Hanly DE et al. Opacification and border delineation improvement in patients with suboptimal endocardial border definition in routine echocardiography: results of the phase III Albunex multicenter trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 22: 1494–500.
Schlief R, Staks T, Mahler M, Rufer M, Fritzsch T, Seifert W. Successful opacification of the left heart chambers on echocardiographic examination after intravenous injection of a new saccharide based contrast agent. Echocardiography 1990; 7: 61–4.
Shapiro JR, Reisner SA, Lichtenberg GS, Meltzer RS. Intravenous contrast echocardiography with use of sonicated albumin in humans: systolic disappearance of left ventricular contrast after transpulmonary transmission. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 16: 1603–7.
Hagler DJ, Currie PJ, Seward JB, Tajik AJ, Mair DD, Ritter DG. Echocardiographic contrast enhancement of poor or weak continuous-wave Doppler signals. Echocardiography 1987; 4: 63–7.
Beard JT, Byrd BF. Saline contrast enhancement of trivial Doppler tricuspid regurgitation signals for estimating pulmonary artery pressure. Am J Cardiol 1988; 62: 486–8.
Becher H, Schlief R. Improved sensitivity of color Doppler by SHU 454. Am J Cardiol 1989; 64: 374–7.
Becher H, Zahler K, Grube E, Schlief R, Luderitz B. Improvement of color flow mapping Doppler echocardiography of right heart chambers by intravenous injection of SHU 454. Z Kardiol 1988; 77: 227–32.
von Bibra H, Hartmann F, Petrik M, Schlief R, Renner U, Blomer H. Contrast color-coded Doppler flow imaging — improved diagnosis of right heart disease after intravenous injection of Echovist. Z Kardiol 1989; 78: 101–8.
Nakatani A, Imanishi T, Terasawa A, Beppu H, Nagata S, Miyatake K. Clinical application of transpulmonary contrast-enhanced Doppler technique in the assessment of severity of aortic stenosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20: 973–8.
von Bibra H, Sutherland G, Becher H, Neudert J, Nihoyannopoulos P. Clinical evaluation of left heart Doppler contrast enhancement by a saccharide-based transpulmonary contrast agent. J Am Coll Cardiol 1995; 25: 500–8.
Terasawa A, Miyatake K, Nakatani S, Yamagishi M, Matsuda H, Beppu S. Enhancement of Doppler flow signals in the left heart chambers by intravenous injection of sonicated albumin J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 21: 737–42.
von Bibra H, Becher H, Firschke C, Schlief R, Emslander HP, Schomig A. Enhancement of mitral regurgitation and normal left atrial color Doppler flow signals with peripheral venous injection of a saccharide-based contrast agent. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 22: 521–8.
Miyatake K, Yamaguchi T, Takatsuji H et al. SH/TA-508 clinical phase II study: dose evaluation of SH/TA-508 in echocardiography. J Cardiol 1995; 26: 111–33.
Firschke C, Tuchnitz A, von Bibra H, Klinik IM. Improved visualization of left ventricular apex by intravenous SHU 508 A: contrast 2-dimensional echocardiography versus contrast enhanced color Doppler flow imaging. Circulation 1994; 90: 1–68.
Agrawal G, Cape EG, Tirtaman C, Lee FT, Fan P, Nanda NC. Color Doppler/contrast combination provides complete delineation of left ventricular cavity. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 27: 77A.
Raichlen JS, Sheth VR, Kutner HJ, Maniet AR. Contrast enhancement of left ventricular imaging with SHU 508A: two-dimensional versus color flow Doppler echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995; 8: 364.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Raichlen, J.S., Nanda, N.C. (1997). Contrast color flow Doppler evaluation of the left ventricle. In: Nanda, N.C., Schlief, R., Goldberg, B.B. (eds) Advances in Echo Imaging Using Contrast Enhancement. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5704-9_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5704-9_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6405-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5704-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive