Abstract
Root uptake by plants is one of the most important processes by which heavy metals may enter the food chain. Under natural conditions, soils generally contain very low levels of heavy metals, including Cu and Pb. Certain soil parent materials, such as the sedimentary, sulphide-bearing shales may, however, contain indigenously high levels of Cu and Pb. Soils developed on such materials often contain higher amounts of these metals than soils developed on other materials. In addition to high levels of metals occurring naturally, considerable amounts of metals can also be introduced into soils via anthropogenic pathways, such as municipal sewage sludge application (Dudka and Chlopecka, 1990) and the application of commercial fertilizers, especially phosphatic fertilizers (Singh et al, 1988). Trace metals also enrich the soil through atmospheric deposition (Jones, 1990). The Sudbury area in Canada and Lower Silesia in Poland are examples of areas polluted by Cu mining, while Upper Silesia, Poland, is polluted by Pb mining (Gzyl, 1990; Roszyk and Szerszen, 1988; Rutherford and Bray, 1979).
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Chlopecka, A. (1997). Copper and lead species in soil and their uptake by plants when applied as carbonates. In: Rosen, D., Tel-Or, E., Hadar, Y., Chen, Y. (eds) Modern Agriculture and the Environment. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 71. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_38
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_38
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