Abstract
Transport of nutrients to natural waters is largely controlled by the volume and rate of water movement through the soil body and across the soil surface. Precipitation and infiltration are of primary importance in affecting these volumes and these rates, but interception and evapotranspiration processes are also important. Precipitation is the driving force of the hydrologic processes. Infiltration controls the distribution of precipitation between surface and subsurface flow processes. Infiltrated water moves downwards through the soil profile, first replenishing storage and then transporting chemicals dissolved in the soil solution to greater depths (leaching). Surface runoff, i.e. the part of rainwater which flows over the land surface, may provide detachment, entrainment and transport mechanisms for the movement of solid soil particles (erosion) by the impact of raindrops and the shear stress resulting from overland flow. Soil particles may also be detached and transported by the action of wind.
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Sequi, P., Indiati, R. (1997). Minimising surface and ground-water pollution from fertiliser application. In: Rosen, D., Tel-Or, E., Hadar, Y., Chen, Y. (eds) Modern Agriculture and the Environment. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 71. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_13
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