Abstract
Surgical injury leads to profound changes in body homeostasis characterized by a catabolic state with increased secretion of catabolically acting hormones, decreased secretion and/or effect of anabolically acting hormones and additional alterations in various humoral cascade systems, coagulation and fibrinolysis and immune function. Other important sequelae for the surgical patient are pain, increased demands on the heart, impaired pulmonary function, nausea, vomiting and ileus and loss of muscle tissue contributing to postoperative fatigue. Since pain-induced reflex responses may adversely influence body organ functions and enhance the stress responses to surgical injury, pain relieving techniques may modify these responses and ultimately influence surgical outcome.
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Kehlet, H. (1998). Pain and the Surgical Stress Response. In: Ashburn, M.A., Fine, P.G., Stanley, T.H. (eds) Pain Management and Anesthesiology. Developments in Critical Care Medicine and Anesthesiology, vol 33. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5145-0_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5145-0_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6162-9
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