Abstract
A two-dimensional steady state numerical simulation has been carried out for a typical street canyon ventilated by a cross-wind. The PHOENICS package from CHAM was used to solve for the air flow above and within the street canyon. The k-epsilon turbulence model was used for turbulence modelling and pollutant sources were added at ground level over the road but not over the pavements. Results for the air flow showed the formation of a longitudinal vortex within the street canyon, as found by other researchers. Pollutant concentrations were predicted with the highest values occurring at the leeward walls of the upwind buildings, and the lowest values on the windward walls of the downwind buildings. The accuracy of these simulations was examined by comparing the predicted results with field observations. Reasonable agreement was obtained, confirming the difference between concentrations on the leeward and windward walls. The results show that the dispersion characteristics can be simulated in terms of structural configurations.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bardeschi A., Colucci A., Gianelle V., Gnagnetti M., Tamponi M, Tebaldi G.: 1991, Atmos. Environ 25B, 415–428.
Dabberdt W.F., Hoydsh W.G.: 1991, Atmos. Environ. 25A, 1143–1153.
DePaul F.T., Sheih C.M.: 1984, Argonne National Laboratory Technical Report ANL/ER-84-1, 84 pp..
DePaul F.T., Sheih C.M.: 1986, Atmos. Environ. 20, 455–459.
Hoydsh W.G., Dabberdt W.F.: 1988, Atmos. Environ. 22, 2677–2689.
Hunter L.J., Johnson G.T., Watson L.D.: 1992, Atmos. Environ. 26B, 425–432.
Johnson G.T., Hunter L.J., Arnfield A.J. (1990, Energy and Building, 15-16, 325–332.
Johnson W.B., Ludwig F.L., Dabberdt W.F., Allen R.J.: 1973, J. Air Poll.Control Assoc. 23, 490–498.
Jounard R.: 1987, Institut National de Recherche sur les Transports et leurs Sécurité. Laboratoire Energies Nuisance-Case 24-F 69675, Bron Cedex, France.
Launder B.E., Spalding D.B.: 1972, Mathematical models of turbulence. Academic Press, New York.
Lee I.Y., Park H.M.: 1994, Atmos. Environ. 28, 2343–2349.
Luria M., Roni W., Mordechai P.: 1990, Atmos. Environ. 24B, 93–99.
Mohammadi B., Pironneau O.: 1994, Analysts of the K-Epsilon turbulence model. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Moriguchi Y., Uehara K.: 1993, J. Wind Eng. and Ind. Aerodyn. 46&47, 689–695.
Nakamura Y., Oke T.R.: 1988, Atmos. Environ. 22, 2691–2700.
Nicholson S.E.: 1975, Atmos. Environ. 9, 19–31.
Nunez T.R., Oke T.R.: 1977, J. Appl. Meterol. 16, 11–19.
Qin Y., Kot S.C.: 1993, Atmos. Environ. 27B, 283–291.
Shaw C.T.: 1992, Using computational fluid dynamics, 1st ed., Prentice Hall International, UK, p. 180.
Shuzo M., Akashi M., Yoshihiko H.: 1990/1991, Energy and Building, 15-16, 345–356.
Yamartino R.J., Gotz W.: 1986, Atmos. Environ. 20, 2137–2156.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hassan, A.A., Crowther, J.M. (1998). Modelling of Fluid Flow and Pollutant Dispersion in a Street Canyon. In: Sokhi, R.S. (eds) Urban Air Quality: Monitoring and Modelling. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5127-6_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5127-6_23
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6155-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5127-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive