Abstract
A broad variety of bacteria including the Rhizobiaceae are able to secrete polysaccharides. Sugar polymers that form an adherent cohesive layer on the cell surface are designated capsular polysacharides (CPS), whereas the term exopolysaccharide (EPS) is used for polysaccharides with little or no cell association. Due to the variation of monosaccharide sequences, condensation linkages and non-carbohydrate decorations, an infinite array of structures can be provided by this class of macromolecules. Different rheological properties depend on the structure and the molecular weight of EPS. These properties and the location of EPS, forming the outer layer of the cell surface, contribute to the cell protection against environmental influences, attachment to surfaces, nutrient gathering and to antigenicity (Costerton et al., 1987, Sutherland 1988, Whitfield 1988, Beveridge and Graham 1991). The structural diversity of oligosaccharides derived from EPS enables them to function additionally as informational molecules in cell-cell-communications. Finally, many symbiotic bacteria of the Rhizobiaceae use oligosaccharides as signal molecules in the interaction with their host plant.
Keywords
- Glycosyl Transferase
- Indeterminate Nodule
- Symbiotic Phenotype
- Exopolysaccharide Biosynthesis
- SU47 Mutant
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aman, P., McNeil, M., Franzen, L.-E., Darvill, A.G. and Albersheim, P. (1981) Carbohydr. Res. 95, 263–282.
Amemura, A., Harada, T., Abe, M. and Higashi, S. (1983) Carbohydr. Res. 115, 165–174.
An, J., Carlson, R.W., Glushka, J. and Streeter, J.G. (1995) Carbohydr. Res. 269, 303–317.
Arias, A. and Cervenansky, C. (1986) J. Bacteriol. 167, 1092–1094.
Astete, S.G. and Leigh, J.A. (1996) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 9, 395–400.
Barnett, M.J. and Long, S.R. (1997) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10, 550–559.
Battisti, L., Lara, J.C. and Leigh, J.A. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89, 5625–5629.
Bayer, M.E. (1979) in M. Inouye (ed.), Bacterial outer membranes: biogenesis and functions, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, USA, 167–202.
Bayer, M.E. (1991) J. Struct. Biol. 107, 268–280.
Becker, A., Kleickmann, A., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1993a) Mol. Gen. Genet. 238, 145–154.
Becker. A., Kleickmann, A., Keller, M., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1993b) Mol. Gen. Genet. 241, 367–379.
Becker, A., Kleickmann, A., Küster, H., Keller, M., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1993c) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 6, 735–744.
Becker, A., Niehaus, K. and Pühler, A. (1995a) Mol. Microbiol. 16, 191–203.
Becker, A., Küster, H., Niehaus, K. and Pühler, A. (1995b) Mol. Gen. Genet. 249, 487–497.
Becker, A., Rüberg, S., Küster, H., Roxlau, A.A., Keller, M., Ivashina, T., Cheng, H.-P., Walker, G.C. and Pühler, A. (1997) J. Bacteriol. 179, 1375–1384.
Bertram-Drogatz, P.A., Rüberg, S., Becker, A. and Pühler, A. (1997a) Mol. Gen. Genet. 254, 529–5388.
Bertram-Drogatz, P.A., Quester, I., Becker, A. and Pühler, A. (1997b) Mol. Gen. Genet., submitted.
Beveridge, T.J. and Graham, L.L. (1991) Microbiol. Rev. 55, 684–705.
Bhagwat, A.A., Tully, R.E. and Kleister D.L. (1991) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57, 3496–3501.
Bialek, U., Skorupska, A., Yang, W.-C, Bisseling, T. and van Lammeren, A.A.M. (1995) Planta 197, 184–192.
Bittinger, M.A., Milner, J.L., Savilla, B.J. and Handelsman, J. (1997) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10, 180–186.
Borthakur, D., Downie, J.A., Johnston, A.W.B. and Lamb, J.W. (1985) Mol. Gen. Genet. 200, 278–282.
Borthakur, D., Barber, C.E., Lamb, J.W., Daniels, M.J., Downie, J.A. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1986) Mol. Gen. Genet. 203, 320–323.
Borthakur, D. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1987) Mol. Gen. Genet. 207, 149–154.
Borthakur, D., Barker, R.F., Latchford, J.W., Rossen, L. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1988) Mol. Gen. Genet. 213, 155–162.
Breedveld, M.W., Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. and Zehnder, A.J.B. (1990a) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56, 2080–2086.
Breedveld, M.W., Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. and Zehnder, A. J.B. (1990b) J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 2511–2519.
Breedveld, M.W., Canter Cremers, H.C.J., Batley, M., Posthumus, M.A., Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M., Wijffelman, C.A. and Zehnder, AJ.B. (1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 750–757.
Breedveld, M.W. and Miller, K.J. (1994) Microbiol. Rev. 58, 145–161.
Brightwell, G., Hussain, H., Tiburtius, A., Yeoman, K.H. and Johnston A.W.B. (1995) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8, 747–754.
Buendia, A.M., Enenkel, B., Köplin, R., Niehaus, K., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1991) Mol. Microbiol. 5, 1519–1530.
Bugert, P. and Geider, K. (1995) Mol. Microbiol. 15, 917–933.
Canter Cremers, H.C.J., Batley, M., Redmond, J.W., Eydems, L., Breedveld, M.W., Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M., Pees, E., Wijffelman, C.A. and Lugtenberg B.J.J. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 21122–21127.
Canter Cremers, H.C.J., Batley, M., Redmond, J.W., Wijfjes, A.H.M., Lugtenberg, B.J.J., Wijffelman C.A. (1991a) J. Biol. Chem. 266, 9556–9564.
Canter Cremers, H.C.J., Stevens, K., Lugtenberg, B.J.J., Wijffelman, C.A., Batiey, M., Redmond, J.W., Breedveld, M.W. and Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. (1991b) Carbohydr. Res. 218, 185–200.
Capage, M.A., Doherty, D.H., Betlach, M.R. and Vanderslice, R.W. (1987). International patent WO87/05938.
Chakravorty, A.K., Zurkowski, W., Shine, J. and Rolfe, B.G. (1982) J. Mol. Appl. Genet. 1, 585–596.
Charles, T.C. and Finan, T.M. (1991) Genetics 127, 5–20.
Chen, H., Batley, M., Redmond, J.W. and Rolfe, B.G. (1985) J. Plant Physiol. 120, 331–349.
Chen, H. and Rolfe, B.G. (1987) J. Plant Physiol. 127, 307–322.
Chen, H., Gray, J.X., Najudu, M., Djordjevic, M.A., Batley, M., Redmond, J.W. and Rolfe, B.G. (1988) Mol. Gen. Genet. 212, 310–316.
Chen, H., Long, B.-G. and Song, H.-Y. (1996) Plant and Soil 179, 217–221.
Cooley, M.B., d’Souza, M.R. and Kado, C.I. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 2608–2616.
Coplin, D.L. and Cook, D. (1990) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 3, 271–279.
Costerton, J.W., Cheng, K.J., Geesey, G.G., Ladd, T.I., Nickel, J.C., Dasgupta, M. and Marrie, T.J. (1987) Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 41, 435–464.
Diebold, R. and Noel, K.D. (1989) J. Bacteriol. 171, 4821–4830.
Djordjevic, S.P., Rolfe, B.G., Batley, M. and Redmond, J.W. (1986) Carbohydr. Res. 148, 87–99.
Djordjevic, S.P., Chen, H., Batley, M., Redmond, J.W. and Rolfe, B.G. (1987) J. Bacteriol. 169, 53–60.
Doherty, D., Leigh, J., Glazebrook, J. and Walker, G.C. (1988) J. Bacteriol. 170, 4249–4256.
d’Souza-Ault, M.R., Cooley, M.B. and Kado, C.I. (1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 3486–3490.
Dudman, W.F. (1978) Carbohydr. Res. 66, 9–23.
Eggleston, G., Huber, M.C., Liang, R., Karr, A.L. and Emerich, D.W. (1996) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact 9, 419–423.
Finan, T.M., Hirsch, A.M., Leigh, J.A., Johansen, E., Kuldau, G.A., Deegan, S., Walker, G.C. and Signer, E.R. (1985) Cell 40, 869–877.
Finan, T.M., Kunkel, B., de Vos, G.F. and Signer, E.R. (1986) J. Bacteriol. 167, 66–72.
Finke, A., Bronner, D., Nikolaev, A.J., Jann, B. and Jann, K. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 4088–4094.
Freiberg, C., Fellay, R., Bairoch, A., Broughton, W.J., Rosenthal, A. and Perret, X. (1997) Nature 387, 394–401.
Frosch, M., Müller, D., Bousset, K. and Müller A. (1992) Infection and Immunity 60, 798–803.
Fukasawa, T. and Nikaido, H. (1961) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 48, 470–483.
Glazebrook, J. and Walker, G.C. (1989) Cell 56, 661–672.
Glucksmann, M.A., Reuber, T.L. and Walker, G.C. (1993a) J. Bacteriol. 175, 7033–7044.
Glucksmann, M.A., Reuber, T.L. and Walker, G.C. (1993b) J. Bacteriol. 175, 7045–7055.
Gil-Serrano, A, del Junco, A.S., Tejero-Mateo, P., Megias, M. and Caviedes, M.A. (1990) Carbohydr. Res. 204, 103–107.
González, J.E., Reuhs, B.L. and Walker, G.C. (1996a) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 8636–8641.
Gonzalez, J.E., York, G.M. and Walker, G.C. (1996b) Gene 179, 141–146.
Gray, J.X., Djordjevic, M.A. and Rolfe, B.G. (1990) J. Bacteriol. 172, 193–203.
Gray, J.X. and Rolfe, B.G. (1990) Mol. Microbiol. 4, 1425–1431.
Gray, J.X. and Rolfe, B.G. (1992) Arch. Microbiol. 157, 521–528.
Her, G.-R., Glazebrook, J., Walker, G.C., Reinhold, V.N. (1990) Carbohydr. Res. 198, 305–312.
Hisamatsu, M., Abe, J., Amemura, A. and Harada, T. (1980) Agric. Biol. Chem. 44, 1049–1055.
Hollingworth, R.I., Dazzo, F.B., Hallenga, K., Musselman, B. (1988) Carbohydr. Res. 172, 97–111.
Hotter, G.S. and Scott, D.B. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 851–859.
Huang, J, and Schell, M. (1995) Mol. Microbiol. 16, 977–989.
Hynes, M.F., Simon, R., Müller, P., Niehaus, K., Labes, M. and Pühler, A. (1986) Mol. Gen. Genet. 202, 356–362.
Ielpi, L., Couso, O. and Dankert, M.A. (1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 2490–2500.
Ivashina, T.V., Khmelnitsky, M.I., Shlyapnikov, M.G., Kanapin, A.A. and Ksenzenko, V.N. (1994) Gene 150, 111–116.
Ivashina, T.V., Sadykhov, M.R., Chatuev, B.M., Dmitriev, V.V., Suzina, N.E., Duda, V.I. and Ksenzenko, V.N. (1995) n I.A. Tikhonovich, N.A. Provorov, V.I. Romanov, and W.E. Newton (eds.), Nitrogen fixation: fundamentals and aplications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 404.
Ivashina, T., Sadykov, M., Senchenkova, S., Shashkov, A., Shibaev, V. and Ksenzenko, V. (1996) in A. Wojtowicz, J. Stepkowska, and A. Szlagowska (eds.), 2nd European Nitrogen Fixation Conference & NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Biological fixation of nitrogen for ecology and sustainable agriculture, Scientific Publishers OWN, Poznan, Poland, 127.
Kapp, D., Niehaus, K., Quandt, J., Müller, P. and Pühler, A. (1990) Plant Cell 2, 139–151.
Keller, M., Roxlau, A., Weng, W.M., Schmidt, M., Quandt, J., Niehaus, K., Jording, D., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1995) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8, 267–277.
Kido, N., Torgov, V.I., Sugiyama T., Uchiya, K., Sugihara, H., Komatsu, T., Kato, N. and Jann, K. (1995) J. Bacteriol. 177, 2178–2187.
Kijne, J.W. (1992) in G.S. Stacey, R.H. Burris and J. H.J. Evans (eds.), Biological nitrogen fixation, Chapman and Hall, New York, USA, 349–398.
Klein, S., Hirsch, A.M., Smith, C.A. and Signer, R. (1988) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 1, 94–100.
Ko, Y.H. and Gayda, R. (1990) J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 105–113.
Kosch, K., Jacobi, A., Parniske, M., Werner, D. and Müller, P. (1994) Z. Naturforsch. 49c, 727–736.
Kosch, K., Batinic, T., Niehaus, K., Werner, D. and Müller, P. (1995) in L.A. Tikhonovich, N.A. Provorov, V.I. Romanov, and W.E. Newton (eds.), Nitrogen fixation: fundamentals and applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 329.
Król, J., Wojcieszuk, A. and Skorupska, A. (1994) in G.B. Kiss, and G. Endre (eds.), Proceedings of the 1st European Nitrogen Fixation Conference, Officina Press, Szeged, Hungary, 319.
Król, J., Janczarek, M. and Skorupska, A. (1996) in A. Wójtowicz, J. Stepkowska, and A. Szlagowska (eds.), 2nd European Nitrogen Fixation Conference & NATO Advanced Research Workshop, Biological fixation of nitrogen for ecology and sustainable agriculture, Scientific Publishers OWN, Poznan, Poland, 126.
Kröncke, K.D., Boulnois, G., Roberts, I., Bitter-Suermann, D., Golecki, J.R., Jann, B., Jann, K. (1990a) J. Bacteriol. 172, 1085–1091.
Kröncke, K.D., Golecki, J.R. and Jann, K. (1990b) J. Bacteriol. 172, 3469–3472.
Latchford, J.W., Borthakur, D. and Johnston, AW.B. (1991) Mol. Microbiol. 5, 2107–2114.
Leigh, J.A., Signe, E.R. and Walker, G.C. (1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 6231–6235.
Leigh, J.A., Reed, J.W., Hanks, J.F., Hirsch, AM. and Walker, G.C. (1987) Cell 51, 579–587.
Leigh, J.A. and Lee, C.C. (1988) J. Bacteriol. 170, 3327–3332.
Leigh, J.A., Battisti, L., Lee, C.C., Ozga, D.A., Zhan, H. and Astete, S. (1993) in E.W. Nester, and D.P.S. Verma (eds.), Advances in molecular genetics of plant-microbe interactions, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 175–181.
Long, S., Reed, J.W., Himawan, J. and Walker, G.C. (1988a) J. Bacteriol. 170, 4239–4248.
Long, S., McCune, S. and Walker, G.C. (1988b) J. Bacteriol. 170, 4257–4265.
Lopez-Lara, I.M., Orgambide, G., Dazzo, F.B., Olivares, J. and Toro N. (1993) J. Bacteriol. 175, 2826–2832.
Matulová, M., Toffanin, R., Navarini, L., Gilli, R., Paoletti, S. and Cesaro, A. (1994) Carbohydr. Res. 265, 167–179.
May, T.B., Shinabarger, D., Maharaj, R., Kato, J., Chu, L., DeVault, J.D., Roychoudhury, S., Zielinski, N., Berry, A., Rothmel, R.K., Mistra, T.K. and Chakrabarty A.M. (1991) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 4, 191–206.
May, T.B. and Chakrabarty, A.M. (1994) Trends Microbiol. 2, 151–156.
McGrath, B.C. and Osborn, M.J. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 649–654.
McNeil, M., Darvill, J., Darvill, A.G., Albersheim, P., van Veen, R., Hooykaas, P., Schilperoort, R. and Dell, A. (1986) Carbohydr. Res. 146, 307–326.
Mello, A. and Glase, L. (1965) J. Biol. Chem. 240, 398–405.
Mimmack, M.L., Hong, G.F. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1994a) Microbiology 140, 455–461.
Mimmack, M.L., Borthakur, D., Jones, M.A., Downie, J.A. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1994b) Microbiology 140, 1223–1229.
Minamisawa, K. (1989) Plant Cell Physiol. 30, 877–884.
Mort, A.J. and Bauer, W.D. (1980) Plant Physiol. 66, 158–163.
Mort, A.J. and Bauer, W.D. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 1870–1875.
Müller, P., Hynes, M., Kapp, D., Niehaus, K. and Pühler, A. (1988) Mol. Gen. Genet. 211, 17–26.
Müller, P., Keller, M., Weng, W.M., Quandt, J., Arnold, W. and Pühler, A. (1993) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 6, 55–65.
Mulligan, J.T. and Long, S.R. (1988) Genetics 122, 7–18.
Newcomb, W. (1981) in K.L. Giles, and A.G. Atherly (eds.), Biology of the Rhizobiaceae. Academic Press, New York, USA
Niehaus, K., Kapp, D. and Pühler, A. (1993) Planta 190, 415–425.
Niehaus, K., Kapp, D., Lorenzen, J., Meyer-Gattermann, P., Sieben, S. and Pühler, A. (1994) Acta Horticulture 381, 258–264.
Niehaus, K., Baier, R., Kohring, B., Fiaschi, E. and Pühler. A. (1997) in A. Legocki, H. Bothe, and A. Pühler (eds.), Biological fixation of nitrogen for ecology and sustainable agriculture, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany, 110–114.
Østerås, M., Stanley, J. and Finan, T.M. (1995) J. Bacteriol. 177, 5485–5494.
Ozga, D.A., Lara, J.C. and Leigh, J.A. (1994) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 7, 758–765.
Parniske, M., Kosch, K., Werner, D. and Müller, P. (1993) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 6, 99–106.
Parniske, M., Schmidt, P.E., Kosch, K. and Müller, P. (1994) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 7, 631–638.
Parveen, N., Webb, D.T. and Borthakur, D. (1996) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 9, 364–372.
Parveen, N., Webb, D.T. and Borthakur, D. (1997) Microbiology 143, 1959–1967.
Pühler, A., Enenkel, B., Hillemann, A., Kapp, D., Keller, M., Müller, P., Niehaus, K., Priefer, B., Quandt, J. and Schmidt, C. (1988) in H. Bothe, F. de Bruijn, W.E. Newton (eds.), Nitrogen fixation: hundred years after, Gustav Fischer, New York, USA, 423–430.
Puvanesarajah, V., Schell, F.M., Gerhold, D. and Stacey, G. (1987) J. Bacteriol. 169, 137–141.
Reed, J.W. and Walker, G.C. (1991a) Genes & Development 5, 2274–2287.
Reed, J. W. and Walker, G.C. (1991b) J. Bacteriol. 173, 664–677.
Reed, J.W., Capage, M. and Walker, G.C. (1991a) J. Bacteriol. 173, 3776–3788.
Reed, J.W., Gazebrook, J. and Walker, G.C. (1991b) J. Bacteriol. 173, 3789–3794.
Reeve, W.G., Dilworth, M.J., Tiwari, R.P., Glenn, A.R. (1997) Microbiology 143, 1951–1958.
Reinhold, B.B., Chan, S.Y., Reuber, T.L., Marra, A., Walker, G.C. and Reinhold, V.N. (1994) J. Bacteriol. 176, 1997–2002.
Reuber, T.L., Long, S. and Walker, G.C. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 426–434.
Reuber, T.L. and Walker, G.C. (1993a) Cell 74, 269–280.
Reuber, T.L. and Walker, G.C. (1993b) J. Bacteriol. 175, 3653–3655.
Rohr, T.E. and Troy, F. A. (1980) J. Biol. Chem. 255, 2332–2342.
Rolfe, B.G., Carlson, R.W., Ridge, R.W., Dazzo, F.B., Mateos, P.F. and Pankhurst, C.E. (1996) Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 23, 285–303.
Sanchez-Andujar, B., Philip-Hollingsworth, S., Dazzo, F.B. and Palomares, A.J. (1997) Mol. Gen. Genet. 255, 131–140.
Shibaev, V.N. (1986) Adv. Carbon. Chem. 44, 277–339.
Skorupska, A., Bialek, U, Urbanik-Sypniewska, T. and van Lammeren, A(1995) J. Plant Physiol. 147, 93–100.
Stevenson, G. Andrianopoulos, K., Hobbs, M. and Reeves, P.R. (1996) J. Bacteriol. 178, 4885–4893.
Stingele, F., Neesler, J.-R. and Mollet, B. (1996) J. Bacteriol. 178, 1680–1690.
Streeter, J.G., Salminen, S.O., Whitmoyer, R.E. and Carlson, R.W. (1992) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 607–613.
Streeter, J.G., Salminen, S.O., Beuerlein, J.E. and Schmidt, W.H. (1994) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60, 2939–2943.
Sutherland, I.W. (1982) Adv. Microbial Physiol. 23, 79–150.
Sutherland, I.W. (1988) Int. Rev. Cytol. 113, 187–231.
Sutton, J.M., Lea, E.J.A. and Downie, J.A. (1994) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 9990–9994.
Tiburtius, A, de Luca, N.G., Hussain, H. and Johnston, A.W.B. (1996) Microbiology 142, 2621–2629.
Tolmasky, M.E., Staneloni, R.J., Ugalde, R.A. and Leloir, L.F. (1980) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 203, 358–364.
Tolmasky, M.E., Staneloni, R.J. and Leloir, L.F. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 6751–6757.
Urzainqui, A., Walker, G.C. (1992) J. Bacteriol. 174, 3403–3406.
Uttaro, A.D., Cangelosi, G.A., Geremia, R.A., Nester, E.W. and Ugalde, R.A. (1990) J. Bacteriol. 172, 1640–1646.
Valla, S., Coucheron, D.H., Fjaervik, E., Kjosbakken, J., Weinhouse, H., Ross, P., Amikam, D. and Benziman, M. (1989) Mol. Gen. Genet. 217, 26–30.
Vanderslice, R.W., Doherty, D.H., Capage, M.A., Betlach, M.R., Hassler, R.A., Henderson, N.M., Ryan-Graniero, J. and Tecklenburg, M. (1989) in V. Crescenzi, I.C.M. Dea, S. Paoletti, S.S. Stivala, and I.W. Sutherland (eds.), Biomedical and biotechnological advances in industrial polysaccharides, Gordon and Breach, New York, USA, 145–156.
van Workum, W.A.T., van Brussel, A.A.N., Tak, T., Wijffelman, C.A. and Kijne, J.W. (1995) Moi. Plant-Microbe Interact. 8, 278–285.
van Workum, W.A.T., Canter Cremers, H.C.J., Wijfjes, A.H.M., van der Kolk, C., Wijffelman C.A. and Kijne, J.W. (1997) Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 10, 290–301.
Weisgerber, C. and Troy, F.A. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 1578–1587.
Whitfield, C. (1988) Can. J. Microbiol. 34, 415–420.
Whitfield, C. and Valvano, M.A. (1993) Adv. Microbial Physiol. 35, 135–246.
Whitfield, C. (1995) Trends Microbiol. 3, 178–185.
Wong, H.C., Fear, A.L., Calhoon, R.D., Eichinger, G.H., Mayer, R., Amikam, D., Benziman, M., Gelfand, G.H., Meade, J.H., Emerick, A.W., Bruner, R., Ben-BAssat, A. and Tal, R. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8130–8134.
Yang, C., Signer, E.R. and Hirsch, A.M. (1992) Plant Physiol. 98, 143–151.
York, G.M. and Walker, G.C. (1997) Mol. Microbiol. 25, 117–134
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. (1981) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 47, 481–497.
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. (1984) Appl. Microbiol. Biotech. 20, 393–399.
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. and van Neerven, A.R.W. (1983) Carbohydr. Res. 124, 166–171.
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. (1989) in V. Cresenzi, I.C.M. Dea, S. Paoletti, S.S. Stivala and I.W. Sutherland (eds.), Biomedical and biotechnological advances in industrial polysaccharides, Gordon and Breach, New York, USA, 301–311.
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. (1990) in E.A. Dawes (ed.), Novel biodegradable microbial polymers, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 387–402.
Zevenhuizen, L.P.T.M. and Faleschini, P. (1991) Carbohydr. Res. 209, 203–209.
Zhan, H., Levery, S.B., Lee, C.C. and Leigh, J.A. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 3055–3059.
Zhan, H., Gray, J.X., Levery, S.B., Rolfe, B.G. and Leigh, J.A. (1990) J. Bacteriol. 172, 5245–5253.
Zhan, H. and Leigh, J.A. (1990) J. Bacteriol. 172, 5254–5259.
Zhan, H., Lee, C.C. and Leigh, J.A. (1991) J. Bacteriol. 173, 7391–7394.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Becker, A., Pühler, A. (1998). Production of Exopolysaccharides. In: Spaink, H.P., Kondorosi, A., Hooykaas, P.J.J. (eds) The Rhizobiaceae. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5060-6_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5060-6_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5180-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5060-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive