Abstract
This review is focused upon our current understanding of the structure and function of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase. Molecular modelling techniques have been used to model the active site of the alternative oxidase using the 3D-coordinates of known di-iron carboxylate proteins (methane monooxygenase and ribonucleotide reductase). Results are discussed in terms of how the proposed structure of the alternative oxidase relates to its postulated function as a di-oxygen scavenger.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Berthold, D.A. and Siedow, J.N. (1993). Partial-purification of the cyanide-resistant alternative oxidase of skunk cabbage (Symplocarpus foetidus) mitochondria. Plant Physiology, 101, 113–119.
Chaudhuri, M. and Hill, G.C. (1996). Cloning, sequencing, and functional activity of the Trypanosoma brucei alternative oxidase. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology 83, 125–129.
Cruz-Hernandez, A. and Gomez-Lim, M.A. (1995). Alternative oxidase from mango (Mangifera indica, L) is differentially regulated during fruit ripening. Planta 197 569–576.
Day, D.A., Dry, I.B., Soole, K.L., Wiskich, J.T. and Moore, A.L. (1991). Regulation of alternative pathway activity in plant-mitochondria — deviations from Q-pool behaviour during oxidation of NADH and quinols. Plant Physiology, 95, 948–953.
Day, D.A., Whelan, J., Millar, A.H., Siedow, J.N. and Wiskich, J.T. (1995). Regulation of the alternative oxidase in plants and fungi. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 22, 497–509.
Dry, I.B., Moore, A.L., Day, D.A. and Wiskich, J.T. (1989). Regulation of alternative pathway activity in plant-mitochondria — nonlinear relationship between electron flux and the redox poise of the quinone pool. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 273, 148–157.
Hiser, C., Kapranov, P. and Mcintosh, L. (1996). Genetic-modification of respiratory capacity in potato. Plant Physiology, 110, 277–286.
Hoefnagel, M., Millar, A.H., Wiskich, J.T. and Day, D.A. (1995). Cytochrome and alternative respiratory pathways compete for electrons in the presence of pyruvate in soybean mitochondria. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 318, 394–400.
Holmes, M.A., Letrong, I., Turley, S., Sieker, L.C. and Stenkamp, R.E. (1991). Structures of deoxy and oxy hemerythrin at 2.0-Å resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology 218 583–593.
Kearns, A., Whelan, J., Young, S., Elthon, T.E. and Day, D.A. (1992). Tissue-specific expression of the alternative oxidase in soybean and siratro. Plant Physiology 99 712–717.
Krab, K. (1995). Kinetic and regulatory aspects of the function of the alternative oxidase in plant respiration. Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, 27, 387–396.
Kumar, A.M. and Soll, D. (1992). Arabidopsis alternative oxidase sustains Escherichia coli respiration. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 89 10842–10846.
Lambers, H. (1985). Respiration in intact plants and tissues: its regulation and dependence upon environmental factors, metabolism and invaded organisms. In: Douce, R. and Day, D.A. (Eds). Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology, New Series (pp. 418–473). Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Li, Q.H., Ritzel, R.G., Mclean, L., Mcintosh, L., Ko, T., Bertrand, H. and Nargang, F.E. (1996). Cloning and analysis of the alternative oxidase gene of Neurospora crassa. Genetics, 142, 129–140.
Mcintosh, L. (1994). Molecular biology of the alternative oxidase. Plant Physiology, 105, 781–786.
Millar, A.H., Wiskich, J.T., Whelan, J. and Day, D.A. (1993). Organic acid activation of the alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria. FEBS Letters, 329, 259–262.
Minagawa, N., Sakajo, S., Komiyama, T. and Yoshimoto, A. (1990). Essential role of ferrous iron in cyanide-resistant respiration in Hansenula anomala. FEBS Letters, 267, 114–116.
Moore, A.L., Bonner, W.D.Jr and Rich, P.R. (1978). The determination of the protonmotive force during cyanide insensitive respiration in plant mitochondria. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 186, 298–306.
Moore, A.L., Dry, LB. and Wiskich, J.T. (1988). Measurement of the redox state of the ubiquinone pool in plant mitochondria. FEBS Letters, 235, 76–80.
Moore, A.L. and Siedow, J.N. (1991). The regulation and nature of the cyanide-resistant alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1059, 121–140.
Moore, A.L., Umbach, A.L. and Siedow, J.N. (1995). Structure-function relationships of the alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria — a model of the active site. Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes, 27, 367–377.
Nordlund, P. and Eklund, H. (1995). Di-iron-carboxylate proteins. Current Opinion in Structural Biology, 5, 758–766.
Nordlund, P., Sjoberg, B.M. and Eklund, H. (1990). 3-dimensional structure of the free-radical protein of ribonucleotide reductase. Nature, 345, 593–598.
Palmer, J.M (1976) The organisation and regulation of electron transport in plant mitochondria. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 27, 133–157.
Prasad, T.K., Anderson, M.D. and Stewart, C.R. (1994). Acclimation, hydrogen-peroxide, and abscisic-acid protect mitochondria against irreversible chilling injury in maize seedlings. Plant Physiology, 105, 619–627.
Purvis, A.C. and Shewfelt, R.L. (1993). Does the alternative pathway ameliorate chilling injury in sensitive plant tissues? Physiologia Plantarum, 88, 712–718.
Purvis, A.C., Shewfelt, R.L. and Gegogeine, J.W. (1995). Superoxide production by mitochondria isolated from green bell pepper fruit. Physiologia Plantarum, 94, 743–749.
Rasmusson, A.G., Møller, I.M. and Palmer, J.M. (1990). Component of the alternative oxidase localized to the matrix surface of the inner membrane of plant mitochondria. FEBS Letters, 259, 311–314.
Rhoads, D.M. and Mcintosh, L. (1991). Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding an alternative oxidase protein of Sauromatum guttatum (schott). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 88, 2122–2126.
Ribas-Carbo, M., Wiskich, J.T., Berry, J.A. and Siedow, J.N. (1995). Ubiquinone redox behaviour in plant mitochondria during electron transport. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 317, 156–160.
Rich, P.R., Moore, A.L., Ingledew, J.I. and Bonner, W.D. Jr (1977a). EPR studies of higher plant mitochondria. 1. Ubisemiquinone and its relation to alternative respiratory oxidations. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 462, 501–514.
Rich, P.R., Bonner, W.D. Jr and Moore, A.L. (1977b). The possible site of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide generation in mammalian and higher plant mitochondria. Biophysical Journal, 17, 253A.
Rosenzweig, A.C., Frederick, C.A., Lippard, S.J. and Nordlund, P. (1993). Crystal structure of a bacterial non-haem iron hydroxylase that catalyses the biological oxidation of methane. Nature, 366, 537–543.
Sakajo, S., Minagawa, N. and Yoshimoto, A. (1993). Characterization of the alternative oxidase protein in the yeast Hansenula anomala. FEBS Letters, 318, 310–312.
Siedow, J.N., Whelan, J., Kearns, A., Wiskich, J.T. and Day, D.A. (1992). Topology of the alternative oxidase in soybean mitochondria. In: Lambers, H. and van der Plas, L.H.W. (Eds). Molecular, Biochemical and Physiological Aspects of Plant Respiration (pp., 19–27). SPB Academic Publishing bv, The Hague.
Siedow, J.N. and Moore, A.L. (1993). A kinetic model for the regulation of electron transfer through the cyanide-resistant pathway in plant-mitochondria. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1142, 165–174.
Siedow, J.N. and Umbach, A.L. (1995). Plant mitochondrial electron transfer and molecular-biology. Plant Cell, 7, 821–831.
Siedow, J.N., Umbach, A.L. and Moore, A.L. (1995). The active site of the cyanide-resistant oxidase from plant mitochondria contains a binuclear iron center. FEBS Letters, 362, 10–14.
Umbach, A.L. and Siedow, J.N. (1993). Covalent and noncovalent dimers of the cyanide-resistant alternative oxidase protein in higher-plant mitochondria and their relationship to enzyme-activity. Plant Physiology, 103, 845–854.
Umbach, A.L. and Siedow, J.N. (1996). The reaction of the soybean cotyledon mitochondrial cyanide-resistant oxidase with sulfhydryl reagents suggests that alpha-keto acid activation involves the formation of a thiohemiacetal. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271, 25019–25026.
Umbach, A.L., Wiskich, J.T. and Siedow, J.N. (1994). Regulation of alternative oxidase kinetics by pyruvate and intermolecular disulfide bond redox status in soybean seedling mitochondria. FEBS Letters, 348, 181–184.
Van den Bergen, C.W.M., Wagner, A.M., Krab, K. and Moore, A.L. (1994). The relationship between electron flux and the redox poise of the quinone pool in plant mitochondria — interplay between quinol-oxidizing and quinone-reducing pathways. European Journal of Biochemistry, 226, 1071–1078.
Vanlerberghe, G.C. and Mcintosh, L. (1992). Coordinate regulation of cytochrome and alternative respiration in tobacco. Plant Physiology, 100, 1846–1851.
Vanlerberghe, G.C. and Mcintosh, L. (1994). Mitochondrial electron transport regulation of nuclear gene expression — studies with the alternative oxidase gene of tobacco. Plant Physiology, 105, 867–874.
Vanlerberghe, G.C. and Mcintosh, L. (1996). Signals regulating the expression of the nuclear gene encoding alternative oxidase of plant mitochondria. Plant Phvsiology, 111, 589–595.
Wagner, A.M. (1995). A role for active oxygen species as 2nd messengers in the induction of alternative oxidase gene expression in Petunia hybrida cells. FEBS Letters, 368, 339–342.
Wagner, A.M. and Krab, K. (1995). The alternative respiration pathway in plants — role and regulation. Physiologia Plantarum, 95, 318–325.
Wagner, A.M. and Moore, A.L. (1997). Structure and function of the plant alternative oxidase: its putative role in the oxygen defence mechanism. Bioscience Reports 17 319–333.
Whelan, J., Smith, M.K., Meijer, M., Yu, J.W., Badger, M.R., Price, G.D. and Day, D.A. (1995). Cloning of an additional cDNA for the alternative oxidase in tobacco. Plant Physiology, 107, 1469–1470.
Whitehouse, D.G. and Moore, A.L. (1995). Regulation of oxidative phosphorylation in plant mitochondria. In: Levings III, C.S. and Vasil, I.K. (Eds). The Molecular Biology of Plant Mitochondria (pp. 313–344). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordecht.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Affourtit, C., Mooore, A.L. (1999). Insights into the active site of the plant alternative oxidase and its relationship to function. In: Kruger, N.J., Hill, S.A., Ratcliffe, R.G. (eds) Regulation of Primary Metabolic Pathways in Plants. Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe, vol 42. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4818-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4818-4_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6021-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4818-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive