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Transgenic Cereals: Hordeum vulgare L. (barley)

  • Chapter
Molecular improvement of cereal crops

Part of the book series: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants ((CMBP,volume 5))

Abstract

The development of barley as a crop dates to the earliest agricultural activities of humans, and it remains one of the major cereals grown for feed and food, and for the production of beer. In this century, an understanding and application of quantitative genetic theory has created a genetically elite crop that is divergent from its ancestors. Further improvements in barley cultivare will depend on continued access to useful allelic variability. Sexual hybridization will continue to play an important role in such improvement, but its utility is limited because potentially useful alleles are either linked to undesirable alleles or unavailable because of sexual incompatibilty. The advent of molecular genetics and nonsexual gene transfer offers exciting opportunities to bypass these limitations and to provide access to more diverse sources of genes. Recent developments have added barley to the list of major crops that are amenable to this type of genetic manipulation either through direct DNA transfer (bombardment) or mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. However, significant problems remain, and include: 1) the lack of reproducible, efficient transformation systems for commercial germplasm; 2) the induction of stable genetic and epigenetic changes during the in vitro process; and 3) transgene and transgene expression instability. In this chapter, we will discuss and describe the first systems used for the genetic transformation of barley, introduce and describe the development of new systems for barley transformation, and comment on past and future uses of barley transformation as a tool for basic science and commercial application.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA

    Peggy G. Lemaux, Myeong-Je Cho & Shibo Zhang

  2. USDA-ARS, National Small Grains Germplasm Research Center, P.O. Box 307, Aberdeen, ID, 83210, UK

    Phil Bregitzer

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  1. Laboratory of Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Indra K. Vasil

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Lemaux, P.G., Cho, MJ., Zhang, S., Bregitzer, P. (1999). Transgenic Cereals: Hordeum vulgare L. (barley). In: Vasil, I.K. (eds) Molecular improvement of cereal crops. Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4802-3_9

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