Abstract
Factor VIIa, a vitamin K-dependent plasma serine protease, is the first enzyme in the coagulation cascade. The majority of this glycoprotein circulates as the inert zymogen (factor VII) with a concentration in pooled normal plasma of about 470 ng/ml (9.4 nmol/L)1. However, low levels of activated factor VII (factor VIIa) are also present in the circulation. Typically, factor VIIa makes up less than 1% of the total factor VII in plasma2.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Fair DS. Quantitation of factor VII in the plasma of normal and warfarin-treated individuals by radioimmunoassay. Blood 1983; 62: 784–791.
Morrissey JH, Macik BG, Neuenschwander PF, Comp PC. Quantitation of activated factor VII levels in plasma using a tissue factor mutant selectively deficient in promoting factor VII activation. Blood 1993; 81: 734–744.
Hagen FS, Gray CL, O’Hara P, Grant FJ, Saari GC, Woodbury RG, Hart CE, Insley M, Kisiel W, Kurachi K et al. Characterization of a cDNA coding for human factor VII. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 2412–2416.
Philippou H, Adami A, Amersey RA, Stubbs PJ, Lane DA. A novel specific immunoassay for plasma two-chain factor VIIa: Investigation of FVIIa levels in normal individuals and in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Blood 1997; 89: 767–775.
Carson SD, Brozna JP. The role of tissue factor in the production of thrombin. Blood Coag Fibrinol 1993; 4: 281–292.
Nakagaki T, Foster DC, Berkner KL, Kisiel W. Initiation of the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation: Evidence for the tissue factor dependent autoactivation of human coagulation factor VII. Biochemistry 1991; 30: 10819–10824.
Hultin MB, Jesty J. Factor VIIa levels in patients with hemophilia. Blood 1992; 80: 3255–3256.
Rapaport SI. Regulation of the tissue factor pathway. Ann NY Acad Sci 1991; 614: 51–62.
Seligsohn U, Kasper CK, Osterud B, Rapaport SI. Activated factor VII: presence in factor IX concentrate and persistence in the circulation after infusion. Blood 1978; 53: 828–837.
Meade TW, Mellows S, Brozovic M, Miller GJ, Chakrabarti RR, North WRS, Haines AP, Stirling Y, Imeson JD, Thompson SG. Haemostatic function and ischaemic heart disease: principal results of the Northwick Park heart study. Lancet 1986; 2: 533–537.
Balleisen L, Schulte H, Assmann G, Epping P-H, Van de Loo J. Coagulation factors and the progress of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1987; 2: 461.
Ruddock V, Meade TW. Factor VII activity and ischaemic heart disease: fatal and non-fatal events. Q J Med 1994; 87: 403–406.
Heinrich J, Balleisen L, Schulte H, Assmann G, Van de Loo J. Fibrinogen and factor VII in the prediction of coronary risk: results from the PROCAM study in healthy men. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 54–59.
Mann KG. Factor VII assays, plasma triglyceride levels, and cardiovascular disease risk. Arteriosclerosis 1989; 9: 783–784.
Hemker HC, Muller AD, Gonggrup R. The estimation of activated human blood coagulation factor VII. J Mol Med 1976; 1: 127–134.
Miller GJ, Stirling Y, Esnouf MP, Heinrich J, Van de Loo J, Kienast J, Wu KK, Morrissey JH, Meade TW, Martin JC et al. Factor VII-deficient substrate plasmas depleted of protein C raise the sensitivity of the factor VII bio-assay to activated factor VII: an international study. Thromb Haemostas 1994; 71: 38–48.
Kario K, Miyata T, Sakata T, Matsuo T, Kato H. Fluorogenic assay of activated factor VII: Plasma factor VIIa levels in relation to arterial cardiovascular diseases in Japanese. Arterioscler Thromb 1994; 14: 265–274.
Kario K, Matsuo T, Matsuo M, Kolde M, Yamada T, Nakamura S, Sakata T, Kato H, Miyata T. Marked increase of activated factor VII in uremic patients. Thromb Haemostas 1995; 73: 763–767.
Kario K, Matsuo T, Kobayashi H, Matsuo M, Sakata T, Miyata T. Activation of tissue factor-induced coagulation and endothelial cell dysfunction in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995; 15: 1114–1120.
Raskob GE, Durica SS, Morrissey JH, Owen WL, Comp PC. Effect of treatment with low-dose warfarin-aspirin on activated factor VII. Blood 1995; 85: 3034–3039.
Wildgoose P, Nemerson Y, Hansen LL, Nielsen FE, Glazer S, Hedner U. Measurement of basal levels of factor VIIa in hemophilia A and B patients. Blood 1992; 80: 25–28.
Neuenschwander PF, Morrissey JH. Deletion of the membrane anchoring region of tissue factor abolishes autoactivation of factor VII but not cofactor function. Analysis of a mutant with a selective deficiency in activity. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 14477–14482.
Rezaie AR, Fiore MM, Neuenschwander PF, Esmon CT, Morrissey JH. Expression and purification of a soluble tissue factor fusion protein with an epitope for an unusual calcium-dependent antibody. Protein Express Purif 1992; 3: 453–460.
Shigematsu Y, Miyata T, Higashi S, Miki T, Sadler JE, Iwanaga S. Expression of human soluble tissue factor in yeast and enzymatic properties of its complex with factor VIIa. J Biol Chem 1992; 267: 21329–21337.
Ruf W, Rehemtulla A, Morrissey JH, Edgington TS. Phospholipid-independent and-dependent interactions required for tissue factor receptor and cofactor function. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 2158–2166.
Hubbard AR, Barrowcliffe TW. Measurement of activated factor VII using soluble mutant tissue factor — Proposal for standardization. Thromb Haemostas 1994; 72: 649–650.
Plummer TH, Husmann M. Human plasma carboxypeptidase N: isolation and characterization. J Biol Chem 1978; 253: 3907–3912.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Morrissey, J.H. (1999). Activated factor VII. In: Jespersen, J., Bertina, R.M., Haverkate, F. (eds) Laboratory Techniques in Thrombosis — a Manual. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4722-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4722-4_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6472-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4722-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive