Abstract
The search for planetary systems by monitoring the motion of stellar objects along the line-of-sight is, up to now, the most efficient and successful way to detect planets. For millisec-pulsars, the measurements of pulse chronometry is accurate enough to detect orbiting Earth-like planets. For Sun-like stars, with specific instrumentation and fine-tuned reduction techniques, giant planets can be detected. A general description of the iodine cell and the simultaneous thorium techniques are given as examples.
The interpretation of the observed radial velocity changes as a gravity effect is not unique. Many other phenomena, intrinsic to stellar atmospheres, may mimic a planetary signature. Stellar activity and stellar pulsations effects are discussed in details in that context.
Finally, a summary of the main planetary searches is presented. A prospective is made about expected results for the next millenium.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Baranne, A., Queloz, D., Mayor, M., Adriansyk, G., Knispel, G., et al., 1996, “ELODIE: A spectrograph for Precise Radial Velocity Measurements”, A&A Suppl. Ser 119, 1.
Bouvier, J., 1998, “The surface and internal rotation of low-mass stars in young clusters”, in “Cool Stars in Cluster and Associations: Magnetic Activity and Age Indicators”, eds G. Micela, R. Pallavicini and S. Sciortino, Memorie della Societa Astronomia Italiana, vol. 68, 881.
Brandt, P. N., Solanki, S. K., 1990, “Solar line asymmetries and the magnetic filling factor” A&A, 231, 221.
Brouwer, M. P., Zwaan, C., 1990. Sol. Phys., 129, 221.
Brown, T.M., 1990, in CCds in Astronomy, ed. G. Jacoby, ASP Conf. Ser., 8, 335.
Brown, T. M., Noyes R. W., Nisenson P., Korzennik S. G., Horner S., 1994, “The AFOE: A Spectrograph for precise Doppler Studies”, PASP 106, 1285.
Brown, T. M., Kotak, R., Horner, S. et al., 1998, “A search for line shape and depth variations in 51 Peagsi andτBootis”, ApJ, 494, L85.
Brown, T. M., Kotak, R., Horner, S. et al., 1998, “Exoplanet or dynamic atmosphere? The radial velocity and line shape variations of 51 Pegasi and τ Bootis”, ApJ Suppl. Ser., 117, 563.
Butler, R. P., Marcy G. W., Williams E., et al., 1996, “Attaining Doppler Precision of 3 ms-1”, PASP, 108, 500.
Butler, R. P., Marcy G.W., 1997, “The Lick Observatory Planet Search”, IAU Colloquium 161, 5th International Conference on Bioastronomy, “Astronomical and Biochemical Origins and the Search for Life in the Universe”, eds. C. Cosmovici, S. Bowyer, and D. Werthimer, 331.
Casse, M., Vieira, F., 1996, “Comparison of the scrambling properties of bare optical fibers with microlens coupled fibers”, in “Optical telescopes of today and tomorrow”, SPIE proceedings, 2871, 1187.
Casse M., 1997, private comm. from “Solid Scrambler design” Report.
Cochran, W. D., Hatzes, A.P., 1994, ”A high-precision radial-velocity survey for other planetary systems”, Astrophysics and Space Science, vol. 212, 281.
Connes, P., 1985, “Absolute astronomical accelerometry”, ApSS, 110, 211.
Davis, M.M., Taylor, J.H., Weisbergg, J.M., Backer, D.C., 1985, “High-precision timing observations of the millisecond pulsar PSR 1937+21”, Nature, 315, 547.
Delfosses, X., Forveille, T., Udry, S., et al., 1999, “The multiplicity of the field M dwarfs”, in IAU Colloquium 170, “Precise stellar radial velocities”, eds J.B. Hearnshaw and C.D. Scarfe, ASP Conference Series, in press.
Hatzes, A. P., Cochran, W.D., “Long-period radial velocity variations in three K giants”, ApJ, 413, 339.
Hatzes, A. P., Cochran, W.D., 1994,”Short-period radial velocity variations of Alpha Boo: evidence for radial pulsations”, ApJ, 422, 366.
Hatzes, A.P., 1996, “Simulations of Stellar radial-Velocity and spectral line bisector variations. I. Nonradial pulsations”, PASP, 108, 839.
Hatzes, A. P., Cochran, W. D., Bakker, E.J., 1998, “Further evidence for the planet around 51 Pegasi.”, Nature, 391, 154.
Henry, G. W., Baliunas, S. L., Donahue, R. A., Soon, W. H., Saar, S.H., 1997, “Properties of Sun-like Stars with Planets: 51 Pegasi, 47 Ursae Majoris, 70 Virginis, and HD 114762”, ApJ, 474, 503.
Marcy, G. W., Butler, R.P., 1998, “Extrasolar Planets Detected by the Doppler Technique”, in “Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets”, ASP Conf, eds. R. Rebolo, E. L. MArtin, M. R. Zapatero, 134, 128.
Marcy, G. W., Butler R. P., 1992, “Precision radial velocities with an iodine absorption cell”, PASP, vol. 104, 270.
Mayor, M., Beuzit, J.-L., Mariotti, J.-M., et al., 1999, “Searching for giant planets at the Haute-Provence Observatory”, in IAU Colloquium 170, “Precise stellar radial velocities”, eds J.B. Hearnshaw and C.D. Scarfe, ASP Conference Series, in press.
Mayor, M., Queloz D., Udry S. 1997, “Mass function and orbital distributions of substellar companions”, in “Brown Dwrafs and Extrasolar Planets”, ASP Conf. Ser., vol. 134, Eds. R. Rebolo, E.L. Martin, M.R. Zapatero Osorio, 140.
Mayor, M., Queloz, D., 1995, “A Jupiter-mass companion to a solar-type star”, Nature, vol. 378, 355.
Mayor, M., Queloz, D., 1996, “A search for Substellar Companions to Solar-type Stars via precise Doppler Measurements: A first Jupiter Mass Comppanion Detected”, in Cool Star, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, 9th Cambridge Workshop, ASP Conf. Ser. vol. 109, R. Pallavicini and K. Dupree (eds.), 35.
McMillan, R. S., Moore, T. L., Perry, M. L., Smith, P. H., 1993, “Radial velocity observations of the Sun at night”, ApJ, 403, 801.
Noyes, R., Jha, S., Korzennik, et al., 1997, “The AFOE Program of Extra-Solar Planet Research”, in ”Planets Beyond the Solar System and the Next Generation of Space Missions”, Space Telescope Science Institute Workshop, PASP, vol. 119, D. Soderblom (ed.), 119.
Queloz, D., Mayor, M., Sivan, J. P., et al. 1998, ”The Observatoire de Haute-Provence Search for Extrasolar Planets with ELODIE”, in ”Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Planets”, ASP Conf. Ser., vol. 134, R. Rebolo, E. L. Martín and R. Zapatero Osorio (eds.), 324.
Queloz, D., Allain, S., Mermillod, J.-C, Bouvier, J., Mayor, M., 1998, “The rotation velocity of low-mass stars in the Pleiades cluster”, A&A, 335, 183.
Queloz, D., Casse, M., Mayor, M., 1999, “The fiber-fed spectrographs: a tool to search for planets”, in IAU Colloquium 170, “Precise stellar radial velocities”, eds J.B. Hearnshaw and C.D. Scarfe, ASP Conference Series, in press.
Sarr, S. H., Butler, R. P., Marcy, G.W., 1998, “Magnetic activity-related radial velocity variations in cool stars: first results from the Lick extrasolar planet survey”, ApJ, 498, L153.
Saar, S. H., Donahue R. A., 1997, “Activity-related radial velocity variation in cool stars”, ApJ, 485, 319.
Schatzmann, E., Ann. d’Astrophys., 25, 18.
Walker, G. A. H., Walker, A. R., Irwin, A.W. et a. 1995, “A search for Jupiter-mass companions to nearby stars”, Icarus, 116, 359.
Weber, E. J., Davis, L., 1967, ApJ, 148, 217.
Wolszczan, A., Frail, D.A. 1992, “A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12”, Nature, vol. 355, 145.
Wolszczan, A., 1994, “Confirmation of earth-mass planets orbiting the millisecond pulsar PSR B 1257+12”, Science, vol. 264, 5.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Queloz, D. (1999). Indirect Searches: Doppler Spectroscopy and Pulsar Timing. In: Mariotti, JM., Alloin, D. (eds) Planets Outside the Solar System: Theory and Observations. NATO Science Series, vol 532. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4623-4_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4623-4_15
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5709-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4623-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive