Abstract
This chapter covers the impacts of economic activity on natural terrestrial ecosystems, and on water related environments. Natural terrestrial ecosystems are affected by gaseous pollutants SO2, NOx, NH3 and O3. The changes in vegetation can have consequent effects on the associated vertebrate and invertebrate faunas and on soils. Indirect effects result from the deposited load of the pollutants S and N and their compounds. Acidic deposition resulting from the burning of fossil fuels can impact indirectly on various water bodies. Water chemistry, which is affected by direct deposition to the surface of the body, is one factor which influences the status of fish stocks. The relationship between deposition and water chemistry, and between water chemistry and fish survival have been explored by the UK teams in this study.
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Markandya, A., Pavan, M. (1999). Ecosystems. In: Markandya, A., Pavan, M. (eds) Green Accounting in Europe — Four case studies. Fondazione ENI Enrico Mattei (FEEM) Series on Economics, Energy and Environment, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4597-8_7
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