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Fundamentals for the Assessment of Risks from Environmental Radiation pp 345–357Cite as

UV Carcinogenesis: from Experiment to Risk Assessment

From Hairless Mice to Humans

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Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASEN2,volume 55))

Abstract

UV radiation that reaches us from the sun is very photochemically active, and damages organic macromolecules such as DNA. UV radiation is the most abundant and prominent exogenous carcinogenic factor in our natural environment to which the human skin is necessarily well adapted. Nevertheless, skin cancer may occur in the long run (i.e. at old age), and it is by far the most frequent form of cancer in USA (over 1 million cases a year). By combining epidemiological, experimental animal and cellular data a fundamental understanding of UV carcinogenesis is steadily growing: mutation spectra from human skin cancer provide the most direct evidence that UV radiation is the culprit.

Murine models can be used to establish the wavelength dependence, and the dose-time relationship for skin carcinoma induction by chronic UV radiation. Epidemiological data on skin cancer incidences can be used to adjust the murine model to humans, and then apply the result in risk assessments for altered UV exposures (e.g. from an atmospheric ozone depletion). The murine models, especially with transgenic mice, can further help us in identifying and validating important bio-indicators of risk which can refine our assessments, perhaps even to the extent that an individual’s risk can be estimated.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dermatology, University Hospital Utrecht, PO Box 85500, Utrecht, NL-3508 GA, The Netherlands

    F. R. De Gruijl

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  1. F. R. De Gruijl
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Biology Section, DLR Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany

    Christa Baumstark-Khan  & Gerda Horneck  & 

  2. Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Brno, Czech Republic

    Stanislav Kozubek

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© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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De Gruijl, F.R. (1999). UV Carcinogenesis: from Experiment to Risk Assessment. In: Baumstark-Khan, C., Kozubek, S., Horneck, G. (eds) Fundamentals for the Assessment of Risks from Environmental Radiation. NATO Science Series, vol 55. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4585-5_44

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4585-5_44

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5668-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4585-5

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