Abstract
Intense efforts to understand the structure and properties of solids have taken place in several academic disciplines in parallel: physicists tending to concentrate on electronic structure defined in terms of the states available to electrons in an infinite, perfect solid; chemists tending to emphasize the bonding of atoms or ions by the overlap of electronic wavefunctions and by Coulombic forces between ions, regarding the solid as a particularly large molecule to which chemical methods can be applied; and the science of materials concerned more with the atomic structure of solids, both perfect and imperfect, a study which is the natural outcome of crystallography and the development of microscopies on the verge of atomic resolution. One satisfying aspect of electron energy loss spectrometry in the electron microscope is that it unites all three points of view in one instrument. It is by its nature interdisciplinary, at the triple point of physics, chemistry, and the science of materials. The techniques permit microanalysis, or more strictly correct, nanoanalysis, the determination of chemical composition point by point in the sample, as well as producing information on the electronic structure of the solid and its atomic structure via convergent beam diffraction (micro- or nano- diffraction) and imaging. In this chapter we concentrate on the relationship between EELS and other spectroscopies of solids (see also the Chapter by L.M.Trudeau).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Isaacson, M. and Johnson, D. (1975) The microanalysis of light elements using transmitted energy-loss electrons, Ultramicroscopy 1, 33–52.
Egerton, R.F. (1996) EELS in the Electron Microscope (second edition), Plenum Press, N. Y.
Crozier, P.A., Chapman, J.N., Craven, A. J. and Titchmarsh, J.M. (1987) The comparison of transition metal concentration ratios determined by EELS and EDX J. Microsc. 146, 1–
Leapman, R.D. (1992) EELS Quantitative Analysis, in M.M. Disko, C.C. Ahn and B. Fulz (eds.), Transmission Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy in Materials Science, TM3S Monograph 2, 420 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15086, USA
Collett, S.A., Brown, L.M. and Jacobs, M.H. (1981) in G.W. Lorimer, M.H. Jacobs and P. Doig (eds.) Quantitative Analysis with High Spatial Resolution, Manchester 1981, The Metals Society, London, Book 277.
Howie, A (1979) Image contrast and localized signal selection techniques, J. Microsc. 117, 11.
Muller, D.A. and Silcox, J. (1995) Delocalization in inelastic scattering, Ultramicroscopy 18, 427.
Reed, S.J.B. (1982) The single scattering model and spatial resolution in X-ray analysis of thin foils, Ultramicroscopy 7, 405.
Collett, S.A, Brown, L.M. and Jacobs, M.H. (1983) EMAG83, in P. Doig (ed.) Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. 68, p. 103.
McMullan, D., Fallon, P.J., Ito, Y. and McGibbon AJ. (1992) Further development of a parallel EELS CCD detector for a VG HB501 STEM, in A Rios, J.M. Arias, L. Mègiás-Megiás, E.A Lopez-Galindo (eds.), EUREM 92, Vol. 1, University of Granada, Spain, pp. 103–104.
Leapman, R.D. and Cosslett, V.E. (1976) Extended fine structure above the X-ray edge in electron energy loss spectra, J. Phys. D., 9 L, 29–32.
Stern, E.A., Qian, M. and Sarikaya, M. (1994) Spatially resolved local atomic structure from EXELFS, Mat. Res. Symposium Proc. 332, 3–14.
Stephens, AP. and Brown, L.M. (1981) in G.W. Lorimer, M.H. Jacobs and P. Doig (eds.) Quantitative Analysis with High Spatial Resolution, Manchester 1981, The Metals Society, London, Book 277, pp 152–158.
Walsh, C.A. (1995) Reported in L.M. Brown, C.A Walsh, Ann Dray and A Bleloch, Recent studies of near edge structure, Microsc., Microanal., Microstruct. 6, 121–125. A fuller report is available on request.
Batson, P.E. and Bruley, J. (1991) Dynamic screening of the core exciton by swift electrons in electron energy-loss scattering, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 350–353.
Echenique, P.M., Ritchie, R.H. and Brandt, W. (1979) Spatial excitation patterns by swift ions in condensed matter, Phys. Rev. B20, 2567–2575.
Rafferty, B.E. (1998) Ph. D. thesis, University of Cambridge; Rafferty, B.E. and Brown, L.M. (1998) Direct and indirect transitions in the region of the band gap using electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. B58, 10326-10337.
Brown, L.M. (1997) A Synchrotron in a microscope, EMAG97, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. No. 153, ed. J.M. Rodenburg, I.O.P. Publishing, Bristol.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Brown, L.M. (1999). Electron Energy Loss Spectrometry in the Electron Microscope. In: Rickerby, D.G., Valdrè, G., Valdrè, U. (eds) Impact of Electron and Scanning Probe Microscopy on Materials Research. NATO Science Series, vol 364. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4451-3_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4451-3_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5940-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4451-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive