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Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer pp 25–43Cite as

Model Analysis of Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange of Ozone and Its Role in the Tropospheric Ozone Budget

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Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASIC,volume 557))

Abstract

Anthropogenic activities have changed the chemical composition of the atmosphere. It is generally accepted that tropospheric ozone (O3) has increased considerably during industrialization as a result of the photochemical transformation of anthropogenically emitted ozone precursors such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), and nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) [1]. Analysis of measurement data from the second half of the last century reveals that typical ozone mixing ratios in Europe at the surface were between 10 and 15 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) [2,3]. At present, surface ozone mixing ratios over Europe are, on average, between 20 and 50 ppbv [4]. This indicates that anthropogenic activities have caused a boundary layer ozone increase of more than a factor of two, at least in Europe. Additionally, diffusive and convective transports cause exchange of air between the boundary layer and the free troposphere, carrying ozone and ozone precursors to higher altitudes. Comparison between historical and contemporary measurements carried out over the Alps (representative of continental background conditions), shows an ozone increase of about 20 ppbv at least up to about 4 km altitude [5]. Model calculations indicate that the tropospheric content of ozone has increased from about 190 Tg (1 Tg = 1012 g) in the preindustrial era to 270 Tg at present [6].

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (IMAU), Utrecht University, 80005, Utrecht, 3508 TA, The Netherlands

    G. J. Roelofs & J. Lelieveld

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  1. G. J. Roelofs
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  2. J. Lelieveld
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Christos S. Zerefos (Professor, Director) (Professor, Director)

  2. Department of Geophysics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Ivar S. A. Isaksen (Professor) (Professor)

  3. Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Ioannis Ziomas (Ass. Professor) (Ass. Professor)

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Roelofs, G.J., Lelieveld, J. (2000). Model Analysis of Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange of Ozone and Its Role in the Tropospheric Ozone Budget. In: Zerefos, C.S., Isaksen, I.S.A., Ziomas, I. (eds) Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer. NATO Science Series, vol 557. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4353-0_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4353-0_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6514-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4353-0

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