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Novel rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  • Chapter
Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis

Part of the book series: Resurgent and Emerging Infectious Diseases ((REID,volume 1))

Abstract

Recent advances in the field of molecular biology and progress in the understanding of the molecular basis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance have provided new tools for the rapid detection of drug resistance. However, partly due to the costs involved in their implementation, these novel techniques have not been applied in most clinical mycobacteriology laboratories, especially in low-income countries where tuberculosis (TB) constitutes a more serious health problem. Conventional methods such as the proportion method [1], the absolute concentration method, and the resistance-ratio method [2], are based on the measurement of growth in culture media containing antibiotics, and usually take several weeks to obtain results. The introduction of the BACTEC® radiometric system, and its adaptation for performing drug susceptibility testing (DST) of M. tuberculosis (BACTEC® TB-460), was therefore a major breakthrough for the rapid detection of mycobacterial growth and for the detection of drug resistance in tuberculosis [3,4]. BACTEC® is now used in numerous laboratories around the world but unfortunately mainly in developed countries or in reference laboratories with the necessary resources to implement this expensive mechanised technology as a routine procedure. With the current increase in drug resistance of M. tuberculosis [5], rapid and reliable DST methods are urgently required in the clinical mycobacteriology laboratory. Such techniques would not only aid patient management but also facilitate drug resistance surveillance, which is important in planning and evaluating TB control programmes.

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  1. Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

    Juan Carlos Palomino

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  1. Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory, Institute of Medical & Veterinary Science, Adelaide, Australia

    Ivan Bastian

  2. Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium

    Françoise Portaels

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Palomino, J.C. (2000). Novel rapid antimicrobial susceptibility tests for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . In: Bastian, I., Portaels, F. (eds) Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis. Resurgent and Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4084-3_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4084-3_9

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