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Paleolimnological studies using sequential lipid extraction from recent lacustrine sediment: recognition of source organisms from biomarkers

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Environmental History and Palaeolimnology

Part of the book series: Developments in Hydrobiology ((DIHY,volume 67))

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Abstract

Free lipids were isolated from recent sediment of Loch Affric by solvent extraction; hydrolysis of residual sediment, initially with dilute alkali and then with mineral acid, gives two additional bound lipid components.

The distribution patterns of fatty acids, hydroxyacids and total neutral constituents in these chemically-distinct lipids show that the mode of occurrence contains much information. The molecular compositions of the neutral and acidic fractions obtained from the three lipid extracts were determined by gas chromatography — mass spectrometry. Acidic and neutral free lipids show a dominance of long-chain (>C20) compounds characteristic of the wax constituents of higher plants; n-alkan-2-ones and α-hydroxyacids may be microbial metabolites of wax constituents. Base hydrolysis liberates C16 and C18 ω-hydroxyacids occurring widely in the cutins and suberins of higher plants together with higher homologues occurring in plant suberins. β-Hydroxyacids liberated by acidic hydrolysis show a molecular size range (C10-C18) and abundance of branched chain compounds typically occurring in lipopolysac-charides of gram-negative bacteria. The biological sources of c. 50% of the sediment lipids were identified using this organic geochemical approach.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Freshwater Ecology, The Ferry House, Ambleside, Cumbria, LA22 OLP, UK

    P. A. Cranwell

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  1. P. A. Cranwell
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J. P. Smith P. G. Appleby R. W. Battarbee J. A. Dearing R. Flower E. Y. Haworth F. Oldfield P. E. O’Sullivan

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Cranwell, P.A. (1990). Paleolimnological studies using sequential lipid extraction from recent lacustrine sediment: recognition of source organisms from biomarkers. In: Smith, J.P., et al. Environmental History and Palaeolimnology. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 67. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3592-4_38

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3592-4_38

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5593-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-3592-4

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