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Tectonostratigraphic Relationships and Obduction Histories of Scandinavian Ophiolitic Terranes

  • Conference paper
Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere

Part of the book series: Petrology and Structural Geology ((PESG,volume 5))

Abstract

The Scandinavian Caledonides represents a now linear montage of nappes and thrust-sheets derived by imbrication of the Baltoscandian continental rise prism and miogeocline and from the accretion of far-travelled, outboard, oceanic terranes. The originally near-continuous pattern of such geotectonic features was destroyed during the episodic Caledonian, contractional and strike-slip, orogenic processes that eventually led to juxtaposition of tectonic units which, in many cases, represent terranes of considerable, though unknown, geographical separation.

The earliest recorded, subduction-related, ensimatic island arc construction (Tremadoc), subduction of the Baltoscandian miogeocline (ca. 505 Ma), and the thrusting of these elements together with obduction of the Group I ophiolites onto the margin of Baltica or a drifted microcontinental block occurred during the Finnmarkian orogeny. These ophiolites were obducted during early (Central Norway) and latest (SW Norway) Arenig times, and the difference in timing may relate to separation and segmentation by transform faults. Both the early and the later ophiolites and island arc complexes can be related to subduction processes off the margin of Baltica and we see no reason for invoking westward obduction onto Laurentia prior to an eventual overthrusting onto Baltica during the Scandian collision. The orientations, dips and polarity of the subduction zones were probably complex, and it is difficult to view the developing orogen in terms of belt-parallel subduction. The problem of faunal provincialism in the Scandinavian Caledonides, epitomized by the anomalous Arenig fauna of mainly North American affinity in the western Trondheim region can perhaps be better explained by the combination of an ephemeral physical barrier and a belt-parallel warm-water ocean current, than by separation across a wide Iapetus Ocean.

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  1. Geological Survey of Norway, P.O. Box 3006—Lade, N-7002, Trondheim, Norway

    Brian A. Sturt & David Roberts

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  1. Brian A. Sturt
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Tj. Peters A. Nicolas R. G. Coleman

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Sturt, B.A., Roberts, D. (1991). Tectonostratigraphic Relationships and Obduction Histories of Scandinavian Ophiolitic Terranes. In: Peters, T., Nicolas, A., Coleman, R.G. (eds) Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere. Petrology and Structural Geology, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3358-6_38

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