Skip to main content

Low density rigid foam materials, sandwich construction and design methods

  • Chapter
Polymer Composites for Civil and Structural Engineering
  • 477 Accesses

Abstract

In previous chapters, the properties and fabrication techniques of a single skin composite of GRP, capable of being used for small components as well as large folded plate structures, have been discussed. If it is necessary to increase the stiffness of the overall cross-section of the composite or the individual laminates, a sandwich construction consisting of the reinforced polyester composites bonded to a low density core may be used. The face then generally supports the bending moments and axial forces within the composite cross-section and the core takes the majority of the shear. The core may be of low density polymer and four types of foam which are not exhaustive but which are used in the construction industry and which will be considered in this chapter are:

  1. (a)

    rigid polyurethane;

  2. (b)

    phenolic;

  3. (c)

    polyvinylchloride;

  4. (d)

    polystyrene.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. BS 3927, Specification for rigid phenolic foam (PF) for thermal insulation in the form of slabs and profiled sections. British Standards Institution, London (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. Menges and F. Knipschild, Stiffness and strength—rigid plastics foams, in Mechanics of Cellular Plastics, ed. N.C. Hilyard, Applied Science Publishers Ltd, London (1982) Ch. 2A, pp. 27–72.

    Google Scholar 

  3. P. Grosskopf and Th. Winkler, Auslegung von GFH-Hartschaum-Verbundwerkstoffen, Kunststoffe (1973) pp. 881–888.

    Google Scholar 

  4. BS 4735, Laboratory methods for assessment of the horizontal burning characteristics of specimens no larger than 150 mm×50 mm×13 mm (nominal) of cellular plastics and cellular rubber materials when subjected to small flame. British Standards Institution, London (1974).

    Google Scholar 

  5. L.J. Broutman and R.H. Krock, in Composite materials, Vol. 18, Structural Design and Analysis, Part II, ed. C.C. Chamis, Academic Press, London (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Flatwise compressive strength of sandwich cores, American Society for Testing Materials Standard, designation C365.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Tension test of flat sandwich constructions in flatwise planes, American Society for Testing Materials Standard, designation C297–61.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Tests for tensile properties of rigid cellular plastics, American Society for Testing Materials Standard, designation D1623–64.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Shear test in flatwise plane of flat sandwich construction or sandwich core, American Society for Testing Materials Standard, designation C273.

    Google Scholar 

  10. H.G. Allen, Analysis and design methods used in plastics sandwich panel construction, in, Use of Load Bearing and Infill Panels, ed. L. Hollaway, Manning Papley (1977) Ch. 6.

    Google Scholar 

  11. H.G. Allen, Analysis and Design of Structural Sandwich Panels, Pergamon Press, Oxford (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  12. G.S. Gough, C.F. Elam and N.D. De Bruyne, The stabilisation of a thin sheet by a continuous supporting medium, J. R. Aero. Soc. 44 (349) (1970) 12–43.

    Google Scholar 

  13. N.J. Hoff and S.E. Mautner, Buckling of sandwich-type panels, J. Aero-Sci. 12 (3) (1945) 285–297.

    Google Scholar 

  14. S. Timoshenko and S. Woinowsky-Krieger, Theory of Plates and Shells, McGraw-Hill, New York (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  15. A.M. Alwan, Large deflection of sandwich plates with orthotropic cores, J. AIAA 2 (10) (1964) 1820–1822.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. B.S. Benjamin, Structural Design with Plastics, 2nd edn, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York (1982).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hollaway, L. (1993). Low density rigid foam materials, sandwich construction and design methods. In: Polymer Composites for Civil and Structural Engineering. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2136-1_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2136-1_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4946-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-2136-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics