Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

X-ray powder diffraction of synthetic organic colorants

  • Chapter
Analytical Chemistry of Synthetic Colorants

Part of the book series: Advances in Color Chemistry Series ((ACCS,volume 2))

Abstract

Some years ago the author contributed a chapter to a book1 in which the X-ray powder diffraction data of synthetic dyes and pigments were collected and reviewed. Information therein is now somewhat dated and this present review gives an update of subsequently published data. However, this chapter should not be considered to be a replacement for the earlier one but a sequel, and readers requiring a complete review are advised to refer to both. Additionally, earlier data are discussed in this present article in cases where subsequent data have become available for comparison and omissions, fortunately few, in the earlier work have been rectified. Suitable entries for this review may also have been overlooked mainly because the starting point for any work of this nature is Chemical Abstracts, and not all abstracters mention whether an article contains X-ray diffraction data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. A. Whitaker (1977) In The Analytical Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Ch. 10, ed. K. Venkataraman, Wiley-Interscience, New York, pp. 269–98.

    Google Scholar 

  2. H. Lipson and H. Steeple (1970) Interpretation of X-ray Powder Diffraction Patterns, Macmillan, London.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J.W. Jeffrey (1971) Methods in X-ray Crystallography. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  4. H.P. Klug and L.E. Alexander (1974) X-ray Diffraction Procedures for Polycrystalline and Amorphous Materials. Wiley-Interscience, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  5. R. Jenkins (ed.) (1990) Methods and Practices in X-ray Powder Diffraction. JCPDS — International Centre for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  6. S.P. Parker (ed.) (1989) Concise Encylopedia of Science and Technology, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York, p. 1468.

    Google Scholar 

  7. H. Burkhard, C. Muller and O. Senn (Sandoz Patents Ltd) (1966) GB Patent 1,040,607.

    Google Scholar 

  8. W. Biedermann (1971) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 87, 105.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. A. Whitaker (1986) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 102, 66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Colour Index (1987) Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  11. C.J. Curry, D.F. Rendle and A. Rogers (1982) J. Forensic Sci., 22, 173.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. National Bureau of Standards (US) (1979) Monogr 25, Sect. 16, 56.

    Google Scholar 

  13. F. Jones and L. Flores (1972) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 88, 101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. U. Koch, H.-W. Modrow, M. Lück and R. Kuhnt (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg) (1987) DD 251,359.

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. Holt and A. Whitaker (1989) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 105, 265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. L.D. Komach, E.V. Popov, V.V. Karpov, Z.I. Ezhkova, L.I. Konysheva, L.L. Ivonina and V.I. Tikhonov (1989) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 62 (1), 201

    Google Scholar 

  17. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad) 62 (1), 215 (1989).

    Google Scholar 

  18. K. Tokubo, F. Suzuki and M. Tanaka (1984) Shikizai Kyokaishi, 57 (5), 249

    Google Scholar 

  19. K. Tokubo, F. Suzuki and M. Tanaka (1984) Chem Abs, 101, 74297c.

    Google Scholar 

  20. K. Tokubo, F. Suzuki, M. Tanaka, M. Nakono, Y. Fujiyama and T. Mitsui (1984) FATIPEC Congress, 17, 327.

    Google Scholar 

  21. X. Chen, P. Zhuang and S. Ren (1990) Huadong Huagong Xuevuan Xuebao (J. East China Inst. Chem. Tech.), 16 (4), 434

    Google Scholar 

  22. X. Chen, P. Zhuang and S. Ren (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 10900a.

    Google Scholar 

  23. L. von Rambach, E. Daubach and B. Honigmann (BASF AG), (1974) DE 2,249,739.

    Google Scholar 

  24. F. Wolf, U. Koch, H.-W. Modrow (Martin-Luther Universität Halle-Wittenberg) (1986) DD 236, 44.

    Google Scholar 

  25. I. Ghinescu, V.-A. Dragomir, S. Saidac and E. Cristescu (Intreprinderea de Coloranti ‘Colorom’) (1984) RO 83,912.

    Google Scholar 

  26. H. Hett, K. Walser and J. Valentin (Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur AG) (1979) DE 2,363,376.

    Google Scholar 

  27. P.W. Barker and M. Edmonson (ICI) (1979) GB 1,543,316.

    Google Scholar 

  28. J. Schulze, R. Hörnle and W. Kruckenberg (Bayer AG) (1977) DE 2,621,434.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd, (1985) JP 60-15460

    Google Scholar 

  30. 26b. Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd, (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 22214p.

    Google Scholar 

  31. J. Schulze and R. Hörnle (Bayer AG) (1977) DE 2,621,435.

    Google Scholar 

  32. E. Reiss, M. Zeiler, H. Ködderitzsch and T. Mäder (VEB Chemiekombinat Bitterfeld) (1977) DD 131, 652.

    Google Scholar 

  33. V.-A. Dragomir, I. Ghinescu, S. Saidac, V.-V. Sandulescu and M. Pandele (Intreprinderea de Coloranti ‘Colorom’) (1984) RO 83,913.

    Google Scholar 

  34. E. Reiss, M. Zeiler, H. Ködderitzsch and T. Mäder (VEB Chemikombinat Bitterfeld) (1977) DD 131,651.

    Google Scholar 

  35. G.V. Shalimova, I.V. Krutovskaya, E.V. Popov, L.A. Samoilova, É.I. Mostoslavskaya and Z.I. Ezhkova (1978) J. Appl. Chem, USSR, 51 (12), 2618.

    Google Scholar 

  36. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad) 51 (12), 2745 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  37. L.D. Komach, E.V. Popov, V.V. Karpov, E.S. Kosheleva, Z.I. Ezhkova, L.I. Konysheva and O.N. Vasilenko (1987) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 60 (5), 1047

    Google Scholar 

  38. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 60 (5), 1110 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  39. L.D. Komach, E.V. Popov, V.V. Karpov and E.S. Kosheleva (1988) Soviet Prog. Chem. 53 (10), 107

    Google Scholar 

  40. English translation of Ukr. Khim. Zhu., 53 (10), 1101 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  41. E. Daubach, B. Honigmann and L. von Rambach (BASF AG) (1977) DE 2,536,052.

    Google Scholar 

  42. K. Ruzicka and V. Kovarik (1985) CS 222,019.

    Google Scholar 

  43. K. Opitz and R. Schickfluss (Hoechst AG) (1980) DE 2,921,210.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Sumitomo Chemicals Co. Ltd, (1980) JP 55-131058

    Google Scholar 

  45. Sumitomo Chemicals Co. Ltd, (1981) Chem. Abstr., 94, 67281b.

    Google Scholar 

  46. K. Hashimoto, K. Yoshinaga, K. Sato, Y. Mori, J. Seino, H. Kenmochi and T. Ohshima to Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1980) DE 2,928,432

    Google Scholar 

  47. K. Hashimoto, K. Yoshinaga, K. Sato, Y. Mori, J. Seino, H. Kenmochi and T. Ohshima to Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1983) GB 2,031,451.

    Google Scholar 

  48. H. Hugl and R. Sommer (Bayer AG) (1978) BE 866,907

    Google Scholar 

  49. H. Hugl and R. Sommer (Bayer AG) (1978) DE 2,721,187.

    Google Scholar 

  50. E. Schleusener (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1983) DE 3,234,769

    Google Scholar 

  51. E. Schleusener (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1984) GB 2,106,923.

    Google Scholar 

  52. N. Zimmermann and E. Daubach (BASF AG) (1981) DE 2,948,016.

    Google Scholar 

  53. R. Schickfluss and H. Kruse (Hoechst AG) (1981) DE 2,950,588.

    Google Scholar 

  54. R. Hörnle, H.-J. Reppert, H.-H. Mölls and W. Gohrbrandt (Farbenfabriken Bayer AG) (1971) DE 1,768,987.

    Google Scholar 

  55. K. Sommer, M. Schneider and R. Schickfluss (Hoechst AG) (1984) DE 3,242,309.

    Google Scholar 

  56. S. Koller, P. Eugster and S.C. Agarwal (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1981) EP 33,296.

    Google Scholar 

  57. P. Eugster and S. Koller (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1981) EP 33,297.

    Google Scholar 

  58. P. Eugster and S. Koller (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1981) EP 32,109.

    Google Scholar 

  59. K. Sommer and H. Kruse (Hoechst AG) (1979) DE 2,835,544.

    Google Scholar 

  60. H. Kruse and K. Sommer (Hoechst AG) (1976) DE 2,520,577.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc (1980) JP 55-54349

    Google Scholar 

  62. Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 96791c.

    Google Scholar 

  63. H. Brandt (Bayer AG) (1983) DE 3,200,969.

    Google Scholar 

  64. V.-A. Dragomir, I. Ghinescu, V.-V. Sandulescu, S. Saidac and E. Cristescu (Intreprinderea de Coloranti ‘Colorom’) (1984) RO 83,890.

    Google Scholar 

  65. H. Kruse, U. Bühler, K. Opitz and W. Steckelberg (Cassella AG) (1990) DE 3,834,530.

    Google Scholar 

  66. H. Brandt, R. Hamprecht and H.G. Otten (Bayer AG) (1984) DE 3,321,527.

    Google Scholar 

  67. R. Deubel, H. Kruse, H.J. Schladetsch and W. Steckelberg (Hoeschst AG) (1977) DE 2,511,534.

    Google Scholar 

  68. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) JP 3-265666

    Google Scholar 

  69. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1992) Chem. Abstr., 116, 131157t.

    Google Scholar 

  70. H. Tappe, K. Hofmann, K. Opitz and M. Schneider (Cassella AG) (1986). DE 3,447,117.

    Google Scholar 

  71. R. Binder, F. Schophoff and K. Hofmann (Cassella AG) (1991) DE 4,000,529.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1984) JP 59-215356

    Google Scholar 

  73. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 186654u.

    Google Scholar 

  74. U. Bühler, F. Schophoff and W. Weidemüller (Cassella AG) (1987) EP 240,902.

    Google Scholar 

  75. H. Brandt, K. Leverenz and R. Hörnle (Bayer AG) (1982) DE 3,046,587.

    Google Scholar 

  76. U. Zirngibl (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1981) DE 3,021,555.

    Google Scholar 

  77. U. Zirngibl (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1983) DE 3,246,949

    Google Scholar 

  78. U. Zirngibl (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1983) GB 2,112,798.

    Google Scholar 

  79. H. Tappe, H. Mayer and K. Hofman (Cassella AG) (1983) DE 3,125,159.

    Google Scholar 

  80. N. Zimmermann and E. Daubach (BASF AG) (1976) DE 2,525,505.

    Google Scholar 

  81. A. Whitaker (1985) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 101, 21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1982) JP 57-141457

    Google Scholar 

  83. Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1983) Chem. Abstr., 98, 55548p.

    Google Scholar 

  84. R. Mory to Ciba-Geigy AG (1974) DE 2,423,127.

    Google Scholar 

  85. A. Whitaker (1982) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 98, 436.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. A. Whitaker (1979) J. Appl. Cryst., 12, 626.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. A. Whitaker (1980) J. Appl. Cryst., 13, 458.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. C.T. Grainger and J.F. McConnell (1969) Acta Cryst., B25, 1962.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. C.H. Griffiths and A.R. Monahan (1976) Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 33, 175.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. E.S. Lisitsyna, B.G. Aristov, R.K.-G. Feizulova and M.S. Barinova (1977) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 50 (1), 141

    Google Scholar 

  91. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim., 50 (1), 148 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  92. G. Effenberger and H. Kruse (Cassella AG) (1989) DE 3,743,349.

    Google Scholar 

  93. K. Kawamura, S. Horiguchi and H. Okamoto (Dainichiseika Color and Chemicals Mfg Co. Ltd) (1985) EP 150,711.

    Google Scholar 

  94. G.M. Makarovskaya, Z.I. Ezhkova, L.I. Konysheva, E.D. Timoshevskaya, M.R. Shemtova, N.V. Shcherbakova and T.S. Kozlova (1974) Fis. i khimiya tverd. tela., 1974 (5), 33

    Google Scholar 

  95. G.M. Makarovskaya, Z.I. Ezhkova, L.I. Konysheva, E.D. Timoshevskaya, M.R. Shemtova, N.V. Shcherbakova and T.S. Kozlova (1975) Chem. Abstr., 83, 133460k.

    Google Scholar 

  96. A. Whitaker (1990) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 106, 108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. A. Whitaker (1992) J. Soc. Dyer Colourists, 108, 282.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. R. Hörnle, H.-J. Reppert, H.-H. Mölls and W. Gohrbandt (Bayer AG) (1973) DE 1,770,930.

    Google Scholar 

  99. K. Ruzicka and M. Kozlová (1984) CS 214,407.

    Google Scholar 

  100. R. Hörnle, H.-J. Reppert, H.-H. Mölls and W. Gohrbandt (Bayer AG) (1972) DE 1,770,931.

    Google Scholar 

  101. R. Hörnle, H.-J. Reppert, H.-H. Mölls and W. Gohrbandt (Bayer AG) (1977) DE 1,770,932.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) JP 59-11365

    Google Scholar 

  103. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) Chem. Abstr., 101, 92783n.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) JP 59-11366

    Google Scholar 

  105. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) Chem. Abstr., 101, 92782m.

    Google Scholar 

  106. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) JP 3-115468

    Google Scholar 

  107. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 210202m.

    Google Scholar 

  108. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) JP 3-115467

    Google Scholar 

  109. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 210201k.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1980) JP 55-71754

    Google Scholar 

  111. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 151653m.

    Google Scholar 

  112. H. Brandt and K. Leverenz (Bayer AG) (1987) DE 3,606,379.

    Google Scholar 

  113. F. Schui, R. Deubel and N. Wester (Hoechst AG) (1983) DE 3,223,888

    Google Scholar 

  114. F. Schui, R. Deubel and N. Wester (Hoechst AG) (1988) US 4,719,292.

    Google Scholar 

  115. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1988) JP 63-225666

    Google Scholar 

  116. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 110, 116666r.

    Google Scholar 

  117. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1988) JP 63-225667

    Google Scholar 

  118. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 110, 77504q.

    Google Scholar 

  119. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1988) JP 63-225668

    Google Scholar 

  120. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 110, 116665q.

    Google Scholar 

  121. N. Kobayashi and H. Ando (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1988) EP 272,697.

    Google Scholar 

  122. H. Frölich (Hoechst AG) (1989) EP 320,774.

    Google Scholar 

  123. A. Whitaker (1991) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 107, 23.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. A. Whitaker (1989) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 105, 218.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. H. Brandt, R. Hörnle, R. Büchele and D. Wiegner (Bayer AG) (1982) DE 3,023,330.

    Google Scholar 

  126. A. Whitaker (1983) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 99, 157.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. A. Whitaker (1983) J. Appl. Cryst., 16, 648.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. S.J. Chapman and A. Whitaker (1971) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 87, 120.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. A. Whitaker (1981) J. Appl. Cryst., 14, 69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. A. Whitaker (1983) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 99, 121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. A. Whitaker (1984) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 100, 123.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. A. Whitaker (1986) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 102, 136.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. A. Whitaker (1986) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 102, 109.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. F.H. Chung (1971) J. Appl. Cryst., 4, 79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. A. Whitaker (1989) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 105, 267.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. A. Whitaker (1988) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 104, 225.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. A. Whitaker (1987) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 103, 270.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Y. Narita, A. Kajikawa and T. Shintani (Research Association of Synthetic Dyestuffs, Tokyo) (1984) DE 3,322,301.

    Google Scholar 

  139. M. Tunoda and N. Suzuki (Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha) (1990) EP 373,525.

    Google Scholar 

  140. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd) (1990) JP 2-185570

    Google Scholar 

  141. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 114, 25814d.

    Google Scholar 

  142. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1992) PCT WO 92,00356

    Google Scholar 

  143. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1992) Chem. Abstr., 116, 176102n.

    Google Scholar 

  144. U. Bühler and K. Hofmann (Cassella AG) (1984) DE 3,234,186.

    Google Scholar 

  145. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1984) JP 59-96169

    Google Scholar 

  146. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1984) Chem. Abstr., 101, 173020p.

    Google Scholar 

  147. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1986) JP 61-171767

    Google Scholar 

  148. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) Chem. Abstr., 106, 157955v.

    Google Scholar 

  149. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Hamada (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) JP 62-220560

    Google Scholar 

  150. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Hamada (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 108, 114209d.

    Google Scholar 

  151. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) JP 62-220561

    Google Scholar 

  152. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 108, 114208c.

    Google Scholar 

  153. K. Himeno and R. Sekioka (Mitsubishi Kasei Corp) (1991) JP 3-131664

    Google Scholar 

  154. K. Himeno and R. Sekioka (Mitsubishi Kasei Corp) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 234683v.

    Google Scholar 

  155. K. Himeno and R. Sekioka (Mitsubishi Kasei Corp) (1991) JP 3-162463

    Google Scholar 

  156. K. Himeno and R. Sekioka (Mitsubishi Kasei Corp) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 282068v.

    Google Scholar 

  157. K. Himeno and R. Sekioka (Hoechst Mitsubishi Kasei Co) (1991) EP 433,693.

    Google Scholar 

  158. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1984) JP 59-38257

    Google Scholar 

  159. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd (1984) Chem. Abstr., 101, 92784p.

    Google Scholar 

  160. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) JP 3-157458

    Google Scholar 

  161. M. Tsunoda (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1991) Chem. Abstr., 115, 234684w.

    Google Scholar 

  162. LR. Gulinkina, Z.I. Ezhkova, T.S. Kozlova, L.I. Konysheva, G.M. Makarovskaya and T.V. Silina (1980) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 53 (1), 73.

    Google Scholar 

  163. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 53 (1), 85 (1980).

    Google Scholar 

  164. J. Jarkovsky and F. Macek (1987) CS 241,899.

    Google Scholar 

  165. A. Whitaker (1977) Zeits Kristallogr., 145, 66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  166. Hoechst AG (1978) GB 1,542,751.

    Google Scholar 

  167. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co Ltd (1984) JP 59-227952

    Google Scholar 

  168. Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co Ltd (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 150923s.

    Google Scholar 

  169. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Ishida (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) JP 62-158764

    Google Scholar 

  170. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Ishida (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) Chem. Abstr., 107, 219141h.

    Google Scholar 

  171. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Ishida (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) JP 62-158763

    Google Scholar 

  172. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Ishida (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1987) Chem. Abstr., 107, 219142j.

    Google Scholar 

  173. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Hamano (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-132970

    Google Scholar 

  174. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and M. Hamano (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 109, 212369w.

    Google Scholar 

  175. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and T. Kasahara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-108075

    Google Scholar 

  176. K. Himeno, J. Yoshihara and T. Kasahara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 110, 25334q.

    Google Scholar 

  177. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Kasei Corp.) (1988) JP 63-152669

    Google Scholar 

  178. K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (1988) Chem. Abstr., 109, 212334f.

    Google Scholar 

  179. T. Kawamura (Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd) (1987) JP 62-153353

    Google Scholar 

  180. T. Kawamura (1988) Chem. Abstr., 108, 23324w.

    Google Scholar 

  181. T.G. Vernardakis (1981) Dyes and Pigments, 2, 175.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1980) JP 55-71753

    Google Scholar 

  183. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 151795j.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1981) JP 56-41258

    Google Scholar 

  185. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1981) Chem. Abstr., 95, 63676g.

    Google Scholar 

  186. B.L. Kaul (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1980) DE 2,944,897.

    Google Scholar 

  187. B.L. Kaul (Sandoz Patent GmbH) (1983) DE 3,318,230.

    Google Scholar 

  188. P. Liechti, A. Clément, P. Eugster and K. Meyer (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1983) EP 91,882.

    Google Scholar 

  189. U. Koch, H.-W. Modrow and G. Wallascheck (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg) (1987) DD 251,358.

    Google Scholar 

  190. R. Sommer, J. Schulze and G. Wolfrum (Bayer AG) (1974) DE 2,313,356.

    Google Scholar 

  191. F. Wolf, U. Koch, W. Hettrich and H.-W. Modrow (Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg) (1986) DD 236,543.

    Google Scholar 

  192. T. Niwa, K. Himeno and J. Yoshihara (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd) (1985) DE 3,512,688.

    Google Scholar 

  193. R. Hähnle and K. Opitz (Hoechst AG) (1976) DE 2,524,187.

    Google Scholar 

  194. A. Höhener and R.E. Smith (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1987) EP 222,697.

    Google Scholar 

  195. Ricoh Co. Ltd (1981) JP 56-10566

    Google Scholar 

  196. Ricoh Co. Ltd (1981) Chem. Abstr., 95, 8822b.

    Google Scholar 

  197. T. Suzuki, A. Kojima, M. Yoshikawa and M. Sasaki (Ricoh Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-37161

    Google Scholar 

  198. T. Suzuki, A. Kojima, M. Yoshikawa and M. Sasaki (Ricoh Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 109, 39409j.

    Google Scholar 

  199. T. Suzuki, A. Kojima, M. Yoshikawa and M. Sasaki (Ricoh Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-37162

    Google Scholar 

  200. T. Suzuki, A. Kojima, M. Yoshikawa and M. Sasaki (Ricoh Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 109, 39408h.

    Google Scholar 

  201. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) JP 59-161462

    Google Scholar 

  202. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 26371w.

    Google Scholar 

  203. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) JP 59-168067

    Google Scholar 

  204. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 47331y.

    Google Scholar 

  205. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1984) JP 59-168068

    Google Scholar 

  206. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 47332z.

    Google Scholar 

  207. S. Imahori, K. Himeno and S Maeda (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd) (1982) DE 3,214,814.

    Google Scholar 

  208. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1983) JP 58-89654

    Google Scholar 

  209. Gosei Senryo Gijutsu Kenkyu Kumiai (1983) Chem. Abstr., 99, 214139v.

    Google Scholar 

  210. P. Müller (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1979) DE 2,847,661.

    Google Scholar 

  211. E.R. Souaya, M.M. Moawad and W.G. Hanna (1989) Orient. J. Chem., 5 (2), 168.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. I. Schnopper, J.O. Broussard and C.K. LaForgia (1959) Anal. Chem., 31 (9), 1542.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  213. C.J. Tscharner (Geigy Chemical Corp.) (1970) US 3,511,833

    Google Scholar 

  214. C.J. Tscharner (1968) GB 1,116,619.

    Google Scholar 

  215. H. Frischkorn, E. Schinzel and T. Martini (Hoechst AG) (1980) DE 2,900,278.

    Google Scholar 

  216. C.J. Tscharner, M.J. Schwarz and P. Horlacher (Ciba-Geigy Corp.) (1975) US 3,925,260.

    Google Scholar 

  217. J.C. Heath, R.E. Werner, J.W. Delaney and N.N. Crounse (Sterling Drug Inc.) (1976) US 3,951,960.

    Google Scholar 

  218. J.C. Heath, R.E. Werner, J.W. Delaney and N.N. Crounse (Sterling Drug Inc.) (1977) US 4,005,026.

    Google Scholar 

  219. K. Obayashi and K. Ishihara (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1969) JP 44-9740

    Google Scholar 

  220. K. Obayashi and K. Ishihara (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1969) Chem. Abstr., 71, 92664m.

    Google Scholar 

  221. C.J. Tscharner, R.E. Stahlbush and H. Driver (J R Geigy SA) (1964) FR 1,361,065

    Google Scholar 

  222. C.J. Tscharner, R.E. Stahlbush and H. Driver (J R Geigy SA) (1964) JP 39-28117.

    Google Scholar 

  223. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1971) GB 1,254,241

    Google Scholar 

  224. Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1971) GB 1,254,242.

    Google Scholar 

  225. Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc (1981) JP 56-103246

    Google Scholar 

  226. Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Inc (1981) Chem. Abstr., 95, 205429e.

    Google Scholar 

  227. M. Matsuo and T. Sakaguchi (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1973) JP 48-28033

    Google Scholar 

  228. M. Matsuo and T. Sakaguchi (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1973) Chem. Abstr., 79, 106151w.

    Google Scholar 

  229. Ciba-Geigy AG (1972) GB 1,293,804.

    Google Scholar 

  230. S.M. Morris, T.J. Thomas and D. Kalz (Morbay Chemical Corp.) (1985) US 4,549,980.

    Google Scholar 

  231. A. Dorlars, H. Gold and W. Horstmann (Bayer AG) (1976) US 3,994,834.

    Google Scholar 

  232. J. Hafele and H.M. Smith (Sun Chemical Corp.) (1975) FR 2,242,444.

    Google Scholar 

  233. R.S. Tyson and L. Shapiro (Sun Chemical Corp.) (1975) DE 2,435,219.

    Google Scholar 

  234. R.S. Tyson and L. Shapiro (Sun Chemical Corp.) (1976) DE 2,625,335.

    Google Scholar 

  235. A. Thomas and P.M. Ghode (1989) Paintindia, 39 (6), 25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Y. Seki and K. Kurosu (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1990) JP 2-41368

    Google Scholar 

  237. Y. Seki and K. Kurosu (Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1990) Chem. Abstr., 113, 25557b.

    Google Scholar 

  238. F. Jones, N. Okui and D. Patterson (1975) J. Soc. Dyers Colourists, 91, 361.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  239. A. Whitaker (1977) J Soc. Dyers Colourists, 93, 15.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. E.E. Jaffe to Ciba-Geigy AG (1989) EP 305,328.

    Google Scholar 

  241. F.H. Chung and R.W. Scott (1971) J. Appl. Cryst., 4, 506.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  242. W. Hahn and W. Strzyzewski (Uniwersytet Lódzki) (1977) PL 92,520.

    Google Scholar 

  243. H. Munakata, M. Kagisaki, Y. Saruwatari and H. Hashimoto (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries) (1977) JP 52-151317

    Google Scholar 

  244. H. Munakata, M. Kagisaki, Y. Saruwatari and H. Hashimoto (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries) (1978) Chem. Abstr., 88, 171792f.

    Google Scholar 

  245. K. Shindo, E. Iwamoto, O. Fujii and K. Shibata (Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd) (1978) JP 53-39324

    Google Scholar 

  246. K. Shindo, E. Iwamoto, O. Fujii and K. Shibata (Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd) (1978) Chem. Abstr., 89, 61038c.

    Google Scholar 

  247. K. Shibata, M. Hamada and E. Iwamoto (Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd) (1979) DE 2,913,007.

    Google Scholar 

  248. Ube Industries Ltd (1984) JP 59-122551

    Google Scholar 

  249. Ube Industries Ltd (1984) Chem. Abstr., 101, 212669d.

    Google Scholar 

  250. E.E. Jaffe (Ciba Geigy AG) (1988) EP 267,877

    Google Scholar 

  251. E.E. Jaffe (Ciba Geigy AG) (1988) USP 4,760,144.

    Google Scholar 

  252. Colour Index (1975) Vol. 6 p. 6404. Society of Dyers and Colourists, Bradford, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  253. W. Deushel, B. Honigmann, W. Jettmar and H. Schroeder (BASF AG) (1963) GB 923, 069.

    Google Scholar 

  254. K. Takagi, K. Kurosu and I. Fujii (1968) Shikizai Kyokaishi, 41 (9), 437

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  255. K. Takagi, K. Kurosu and I. Fujii (1969) Chem. Abstr., 70, 38875x.

    Google Scholar 

  256. A.P. Wagener and G.J. Meisters (Shewin-Williams Co.) (1970) US 3,524,856.

    Google Scholar 

  257. A.P. Wagener and G.J. Meisters (Shewin-Williams Co.) (1970) US 3,547,927–8.

    Google Scholar 

  258. S.I. Jeshkowa, S.S. Moissejewa, L.I. Konyschewa, Je. Sch. Bir and L.W. Demina (1976) FATIPEC Congress, 13, 270.

    Google Scholar 

  259. J.J. Kelly and V.A. Giambalvo (American Cyanamid Co.) (1966) US 3,264,300.

    Google Scholar 

  260. L.L. Pushkina, L.V. Dubovaya, O.P. Shelyapin and S.M. Shein (1984) J Org. Chem. USSR, 20 (9), 1771 English translation of Zh. Org. Khim., 20 (9), 1939 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  261. C.W. Manger and F.F. Ehrich (du Pont de Nemours) (1961) US 3,007,930.

    Google Scholar 

  262. W.S. Struve (du Pont de Nemours) (1961) US 3,009,916.

    Google Scholar 

  263. Kabushiki Kaisha Tekkosha (1967) GB 1,093,692.

    Google Scholar 

  264. F.F. Ehrich (du Pont de Nemours) (1964) US 3,160,510.

    Google Scholar 

  265. I. Sakaguchi and Y. Hayashi (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1981) DE 3,031,444.

    Google Scholar 

  266. I. Sakaguchi and Y. Hayashi (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1982) DE 3,211,607.

    Google Scholar 

  267. Y. Momoi, M. Yamane, I. Yamaguchi and H. Matsushita (Dainichiseika Colour and Chemicals Mfg Co. Ltd) (1976) JP 51-88516

    Google Scholar 

  268. Y. Momoi, M. Yamane, I. Yamaguchi and H. Matsushita (Dainichiseika Colour and Chemicals Mfg Co. Ltd) (1976) Chem. Abstr., 85, 179131y.

    Google Scholar 

  269. F. Bäbler (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1978) DE 2,804,062

    Google Scholar 

  270. F. Bäbler (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1980) GB 1,568,198.

    Google Scholar 

  271. O. Fujii, M. Takano, T. Sakatani and E. Iwamoto (Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd) (1980) JP 55-12106

    Google Scholar 

  272. O. Fujii, M. Takano, T. Sakatani and E. Iwamoto (Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd) (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 27823c.

    Google Scholar 

  273. Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd (1980) JP 55-65257

    Google Scholar 

  274. Toyo Soda Mfg Co. Ltd (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 151792f.

    Google Scholar 

  275. Dainippon Ink and Chemical Inc. (1982) JP 57-143363

    Google Scholar 

  276. Dainippon Ink and Chemical Inc. (1983) Chem. Abstr., 98, 91034b.

    Google Scholar 

  277. J.O. Warwicker (1959) J. Text. Inst., 50, T443.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  278. E. Dietz and M. Urban (Hoechst AG) (1990) DE 3,844,063.

    Google Scholar 

  279. E.V. Popov, V.l. Shvets, G.V. Shalimova and N.P. Shtanov (1981) J Appl. Chem. USSR, 54 (10), 2090. English Translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 54 (10), 2362 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  280. H. Akamatu and K. Nagamatsu (1947) J. Colloid Sci, 2, 593.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  281. U. Karlen, R. Putzar and R. Schaulin (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1984) EP 119,465.

    Google Scholar 

  282. K. Shimura, K. Tada and H. Imai (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-10672

    Google Scholar 

  283. K. Shimura, K. Tada and H. Imai (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 109, 8033c.

    Google Scholar 

  284. B. Honigmann (1964) Farbe Lack., 70, 787.

    Google Scholar 

  285. C.W. Sandefur and T.J. Thomas (Mobey Chemical Corp.) (1984) US 4,474,577.

    Google Scholar 

  286. N.P. Shtanov, V.A. Moroz and V.l. Tithonov (Mobey Chemical Corp.) (1980) Khim Tekhnol (Kiev), 1980 (2), 23

    Google Scholar 

  287. N.P. Shtanov, V.A. Moroz and V.l. Tithonov (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 96873f

    Google Scholar 

  288. L.L. Pushkina and O.P. Shelyapin (1988) J Appl. Chem. USSR, 61 (11), 2296. English Translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 61 (11), 2515 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  289. N.P. Shtanov, T.I. Kalugina, V.A. Moroz and O.P. Shelyapin (1983) SU 1,004,429

    Google Scholar 

  290. N.P. Shtanov, T.I. Kalugina, V.A. Moroz and O.P. Shelyapin (1983) Chem. Abstr., 99, 106787w.

    Google Scholar 

  291. O.P. Shelyapin, L.L. Pushkina, T.I. Kalugina, V.F. Tonchilova, V.G. Yaroshevich and V.I. Peskova (1987) SU 1,310,415

    Google Scholar 

  292. O.P. Shelyapin, L.L. Pushkina, T.I. Kalugina, V.F. Tonchilova, V.G. Yaroshevich and V.I. Peskova (1987) Chem. Abstr., 107, 219146p.

    Google Scholar 

  293. T.M. Polishchuk, O.I. Shulepova, E.I. Mostoslavskaya and Z.I. Ezhkova (1990) J Appl. Chem. USSR, 63 (9), 1875. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 63 (9), 2033 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  294. V.l. Koshelev, O.P. Shelyapin, N.P. Shtanov, V.A. Moroz, S.A. Kovalenko and L.N. Paramonova (1987) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 60 (3), 559. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 60 (3), 596 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  295. G.V. Shalimova, E.V. Popov, I.V. Krutovskaya, L.A. Samoilova, V.V. Gladkova, M.I. Krasnosel’skaya and Z.I. Ezhkova (1976) J Appl Chem. USSR, 49 (8), 1838. English translation of Zh. Prikl. Khim. (Leningrad), 49 (8), 1826 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  296. T.J. Thomas and KG. Hoquet (Mobay Chemical Corp.) (1983) US 4,388,078.

    Google Scholar 

  297. Sumitomo Chemical Co. (1980) JP 55-69557

    Google Scholar 

  298. Sumitomo Chemical Co. (1981) Chem. Abstr., 95, 117071b.

    Google Scholar 

  299. Sumitomo Chemical Co. (1980) JP 55-54348

    Google Scholar 

  300. Sumitomo Chemical Co. (1980) Chem. Abstr., 93, 96800e.

    Google Scholar 

  301. S. Imahori and S. Hirako (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1976) JP 51-7025

    Google Scholar 

  302. S. Imahori and S. Hirako (Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Co. Ltd) (1976) Chem. Abstr., 84, 166251s.

    Google Scholar 

  303. F. Bäbler (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1981) EP 23,191.

    Google Scholar 

  304. E. Spietschta and H. Tröster (Hoechst AG) (1986) DE 3,436,206

    Google Scholar 

  305. E. Spietschta and H. Tröster (Hoechst AG) (1988) US 4,769,460.

    Google Scholar 

  306. E. Spietschka and H. Tröster (Hoechst AG) (1986) DE 3,436,209

    Google Scholar 

  307. E. Spietschka and H. Tröster (1988) US 4,742,170.

    Google Scholar 

  308. N.P. Shtanov, V.A. Moroz, V.l. Tikhonov and V.l. Rogovik (1981) Khim. Tekhnol. (Kiev), 1981 (1), 19

    Google Scholar 

  309. N.P. Shtanov, V.A. Moroz, V.l. Tikhonov and V.l. Rogovik (1981) Chem. Abstr., 94, 193745u.

    Google Scholar 

  310. H. Gerson, W.E. Bachmann and P.B. Woodlock (Allied Chemical Corp.) (1988) DE 3,631,678

    Google Scholar 

  311. H. Gerson, W.E. Bachmann and P.B. Woodlock (Allied Chemical Corp.) (1971) US 4,846,892.

    Google Scholar 

  312. G. Henning, E. Hahn, P. Hauser and M. Patsch (BASF AG) (1988) DE 3,631,678

    Google Scholar 

  313. G. Henning, E. Hahn, P. Hauser and M. Patsch (BASF AG) (1989) US 4,846,892.

    Google Scholar 

  314. E. Dietz and M. Urban (Hoechst AG) (1990) EP 366,062.

    Google Scholar 

  315. V.V. Reznichenko, E.S. Chesnovskaya, T.N. Podrezova and Z.I. Ezhkova (1984) J. Appl. Chem. USSR, 57 (1), 194. English translation of Zh. Prikl Khim. (Leningrad), 57 (1), 205 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  316. G. von Susich (1988) FIAT Final Report No 1313, III, 412.

    Google Scholar 

  317. J.F. Byrne and P.F. Kurz (Xerox Corp.) (1967) US 3,357,989; (1969) GB 1,169,901.

    Google Scholar 

  318. B. Honigmann (1966) J Paint Technol., 38, 77.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  319. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1982) JP 57-164158

    Google Scholar 

  320. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1983) Chem. Abstr., 98, 91036d.

    Google Scholar 

  321. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1983) JP 58-183757

    Google Scholar 

  322. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1984) Chem. Abstr., 100, 87264u.

    Google Scholar 

  323. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1983) JP 58-183758

    Google Scholar 

  324. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd (1984) Chem. Abstr., 100, 87263t.

    Google Scholar 

  325. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd. (1985) JP 60-20969

    Google Scholar 

  326. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd. (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 186665y.

    Google Scholar 

  327. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd. (1985) JP 60-20970

    Google Scholar 

  328. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd. (1985) Chem. Abstr., 102, 186664x.

    Google Scholar 

  329. S. Kinoshita and Y. Yonehara (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. and Kawamura Physical and Chemical Research Institute) (1985) JP 60-243089

    Google Scholar 

  330. S. Kinoshita and Y. Yonehara (1986) Chem. Abstr., 105, 62214t.

    Google Scholar 

  331. P. Hauser and V. Radtke (BASF AG) (1988) EP 269,079.

    Google Scholar 

  332. Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1982) JP 57-168950

    Google Scholar 

  333. Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc. (1983) Chem. Abstr., 98, 108879f.

    Google Scholar 

  334. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd (1985) JP 60-87289

    Google Scholar 

  335. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd (1986) Chem. Abstr., 104, 52065k.

    Google Scholar 

  336. T. Enokida and S. Ehashi (1988) Chem. Lett. 1988, 179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  337. T. Enokida, R. Hirohashi and S. Mizukami (1991) J. Imaging Sci., 35 (4), 235.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  338. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd (1985) JP 60-87288

    Google Scholar 

  339. Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd, Hitachi Ltd (1986) Chem. Abstr., 104, 52064j

    Google Scholar 

  340. G. Condorelli (1972) FATIPEC Congress, 11, 201.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  341. S. Suzuki, Y. Arai and M. Miyane (Agency of Industrial Sciences and Technology) (1975) JP 50-126027

    Google Scholar 

  342. S. Suzuki, Y. Arai and M. Miyane (Agency of Industrial Sciences and Technology) (1976) Chem. Abstr., 84, 61204a.

    Google Scholar 

  343. N. Kawashima, T. Suzuki and K. Meguro (1976) Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan, 49 (8), 2029.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  344. B.C. Aristow, W. Ja. Dawydow, S.I. Jeshkowa, L.I. Konyschewa, T.W. Silina and R.K.-G. Feisulowa (1976) FATIPEC Congress, 13, 112.

    Google Scholar 

  345. A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui, (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1977) DE 2,659,211.

    Google Scholar 

  346. LR. Wheeler (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1979) GB 1,544,171.

    Google Scholar 

  347. M. Tanaka and Y. Honda (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1985) JP 60-199066

    Google Scholar 

  348. M. Tanaka and Y. Honda (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1986) Chem. Abstr., 104, 52066m.

    Google Scholar 

  349. V. Maritza Gauthier, A. Fabiola Ubillus and Q. Nora Grados (1988) Bol. Soc. Quirn. Peru, 54(1), 1.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  350. Y. Suzuki, T. Fujita, Y. Hayashi and N. Kishimoto (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) JP 1-153758

    Google Scholar 

  351. Y. Suzuki, T. Fujita, Y. Hayashi and N. Kishimoto (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 111, 235058z.

    Google Scholar 

  352. T. Enokida and R. Hirohashi (1991) Mol Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 195, 265.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  353. M. Sakaguchi, T. Hirabayashi and T. Koyama (Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd) (1977) JP 52-85221

    Google Scholar 

  354. M. Sakaguchi, T. Hirabayashi and T. Koyama (Toyo Ink Mfg Co. Ltd) (1978) Chem. Abstr., 88, 39014z.

    Google Scholar 

  355. M. Tanaka and T. Sato (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1987) JP 62-48769

    Google Scholar 

  356. M. Tanaka and T. Sato (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals Inc.) (1987) Chem. Abstr., 107, 156374p.

    Google Scholar 

  357. Y. Suzuki, T. Fujita, Y. Hayashi and H. Okayasu (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1989) JP 1-153756

    Google Scholar 

  358. Y. Suzuki, T. Fujita, Y. Hayashi and H. Okayasu (Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd (1989) Chem. Abstr., 111, 235057y.

    Google Scholar 

  359. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1978) JP 53-118427

    Google Scholar 

  360. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979), Chem. Abstr., 90, 56431s.

    Google Scholar 

  361. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1978) JP 53-136036

    Google Scholar 

  362. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979), Chem. Abstr., 90, 105642x.

    Google Scholar 

  363. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) JP 54-10331

    Google Scholar 

  364. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) Chem. Abstr., 90, 170162e.

    Google Scholar 

  365. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) JP 54-11135

    Google Scholar 

  366. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) Chem. Abstr., 91, 92990c.

    Google Scholar 

  367. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) JP 54-11136

    Google Scholar 

  368. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) Chem. Abstr., 90, 205787s.

    Google Scholar 

  369. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) JP 54-11137

    Google Scholar 

  370. M. Ninomiya, A. Komai, N. Shirane, Y. Ito and S. Terui (Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co. Ltd) (1979) Chem. Abstr., 91, 75718c.

    Google Scholar 

  371. T. Enokida and R. Hirohashi (1991) Chem. Lett. 2155.

    Google Scholar 

  372. A.A. Ebert and H.B. Gottlieb (1952) J. Am. Chem. Soc, 74, 2806.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  373. T. Enokida and R. Hirohashi (1991) Chem. Mater., 3 (5), 918.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  374. J.M. Duff, J.D. Mayo, C.-K. Hsiao, A.-M. Hor, T.L. Bluhm, G.K. Hamer and P.M. Kazmaier (Xerox Corp.) (1991) EP 460,565.

    Google Scholar 

  375. M. Tanaka, T. Miyagawa and I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind. Wako Pure Chemical Ind.); (1987) JP 62-256865

    Google Scholar 

  376. M. Tanaka, T. Miyagawa and I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind. Wako Pure Chemical Ind.) (1987) Chem. Abstr., 108, 133407h.

    Google Scholar 

  377. I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1987) JP 62-256866

    Google Scholar 

  378. I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1988) Chem. Abstr., 108, 133406g.

    Google Scholar 

  379. I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1987) JP 62-256867

    Google Scholar 

  380. I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1988) Chem. Abstr. 108, 133405f

    Google Scholar 

  381. Y. Sakikubo (Sanyo Colour Works) (1988) JP 63-20365

    Google Scholar 

  382. Y. Sakikubo (Sanyo Colour Works) (1988) Chem. Abstr. 109, 8037g.

    Google Scholar 

  383. I. Tagagishi, S. Otsuka, T. Uenaka and H. Fujiki (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1988) JP 63-37163

    Google Scholar 

  384. I. Tagagishi, S. Otsuka, T. Uenaka and H. Fujiki (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1988) Chem. Abs. 109, 56576d.

    Google Scholar 

  385. I. Takagishi and T. Uenaka (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.), (1988) JP 63-57670

    Google Scholar 

  386. I. Takagishi and T. Uenaka (Mitsubishi Chem. Ind.) (1988) Chem. Abstr. 109, 39402b.

    Google Scholar 

  387. T. Enokida, R. Kurata, T. Seta and H. Katsua, Denshi Shashin Gakkaishi (1988) 27 (4), 533

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  388. T. Enokida, R. Kurata, T. Seta and H. Katsua, Denshi Shashin Gakkaishi (1989) Chem. Abstr. 110, 144760k.

    Google Scholar 

  389. K. Ohaka, H. Nakano and M. Aizawa (Dianippon Ink and Chemicals) (1988) US 4, 728, 592.

    Google Scholar 

  390. T. Enokida (Toyo Ink Mfg.) (1989) JP 1-153757

    Google Scholar 

  391. T. Enokida (Toyo Ink Mfg.) (1989) Chem. Abstr. 111, 164189e.

    Google Scholar 

  392. E. Miyamoto, N. Mutuo, T. Nakazawa and T. Maeda (Mita Ind.) (1989) EP 314,100.

    Google Scholar 

  393. H. Ono, S. Otsuka and M. Hiroi (Mitsubishi Kasei) (1990) JP 2-269776

    Google Scholar 

  394. H. Ono, S. Otsuka and M. Hiroi (Mitsubishi Kasei) (1991) Chem. Abstr. 114, 64261r.

    Google Scholar 

  395. H. Ono, Y. Kato and S. Watabe (Mitsubishi Kasei) (1990) EP 384,470.

    Google Scholar 

  396. I. Takagishi (Mitsubishi Kasei) (1990) EP 399,430.

    Google Scholar 

  397. T. Enokida, R. Hirohashi and T. Nakamura (1990) J. Imaging Sci., 34 (6), 234.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  398. K. Inai, H. Myazaki, H. Takai and I. Yamazaki (Canon KK) (1991) JP 3-181570

    Google Scholar 

  399. K. Inai, H. Myazaki, H. Takai and I. Yamazaki (Canon KK) (1992) Chem. Abstr. 115, 210210n.

    Google Scholar 

  400. K. Inai, I. Yamazaki, H. Miyazaki and H. Takai (Canon KK) (1991) JP 3-250059

    Google Scholar 

  401. K. Inai, I. Yamazaki, H. Miyazaki and H. Takai (Canon KK) (1992) Chem. Abstr. 116, 108309k.

    Google Scholar 

  402. K. Inai, I. Yamazaki, H. Miyazaki and H. Takai (Canon KK) (1991) JP 3-250060

    Google Scholar 

  403. K. Inai, I. Yamazaki, H. Miyazaki and H. Takai (Canon KK) (1992) Chem. Abstr. 116, 61573z.

    Google Scholar 

  404. K. Diamon, A. Tokida, K. Nukada, H. Nukada and Y. Sakaguchi (Fuji Xerox) (1991) JP 3-269061

    Google Scholar 

  405. K. Diamon, A. Tokida, K. Nukada, H. Nukada and Y. Sakaguchi (Fuji Xerox) (1992) Chem. Abstr. 116, 108316k.

    Google Scholar 

  406. Y. Fujimaki and S. Takenouchi (Konica Corp.) (1990) US 4,898,799.

    Google Scholar 

  407. C.G. Inman (Hercules Inc.) (1967) US 3,338,937.

    Google Scholar 

  408. Hercules Inc. (1969) GB 1,144,770.

    Google Scholar 

  409. A.S. Matlack (Hercules Inc.) (1967) US 3,338,938.

    Google Scholar 

  410. R.K. Putney (Hercules Inc.) (1973) DE 2,306,988.

    Google Scholar 

  411. R.K. Putney (Hercules Inc.) (1979) US 4,148,666.

    Google Scholar 

  412. J. Kraska and W. Czajkowski (1984) Dyes and Pigments, 5, 3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  413. R. Neeff, M. Rolf and W. Müller (Bayer AG) (1986) DE 3,430,800

    Google Scholar 

  414. R. Neeff, M. Rolf and W. Müller (Bayer AG) (1986) US 4,614,547.

    Google Scholar 

  415. M. Tanner (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1989) DE 3,916,637.

    Google Scholar 

  416. H.-E. Baurecht and R. Hörnle (Bayer AG) (1976) DE 2,437,526.

    Google Scholar 

  417. P. Mertens and H.-S. Bien (Bayer AG) (1972) GB 1,270,173.

    Google Scholar 

  418. Y. Fujino, M. Shiraishi and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1988) JP 63-295672

    Google Scholar 

  419. Y. Fujino, M. Shiraishi and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 110, 203038f.

    Google Scholar 

  420. Y. Fujino, Y. Uda, K. Mizuno and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) JP 1-168681

    Google Scholar 

  421. Y. Fujino, Y. Uda, K. Mizuno and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1990) Chem. Abstr., 112, 384495j.

    Google Scholar 

  422. Y. Fujino, Y. Uda, K. Mizuno and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) JP 64-85254

    Google Scholar 

  423. Y. Fujino, Y. Uda, K. Mizuno and K. Tsunemitsu (Yamada Chemical Co. Ltd) (1989) Chem. Abstr., 111, 123951d.

    Google Scholar 

  424. T. Numa (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1985) JP 60-202155

    Google Scholar 

  425. T. Numa (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1986) Chem. Abstr., 104, 208835z.

    Google Scholar 

  426. Y. Tanabe and Y. Iwasaki (Yamamoto Chemicals Inc.) (1991) JP 3-195777

    Google Scholar 

  427. Y. Tanabe and Y. Iwasaki (Yamamoto Chemicals Inc.) (1992) Chem. Abstr., 116, 7926d.

    Google Scholar 

  428. T. Numa and H. Nimoto (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1985) JP 60-217267

    Google Scholar 

  429. T. Numa and H. Nimoto (Nippon Kayaku Co. Ltd) (1986) Chem. Abstr., 104, 208836a.

    Google Scholar 

  430. M. Matsuoka, Y. Saitoh, H. Oka and T. Kitao (1990) Kobunshi Ronbunshu, 47 (11), 875

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  431. M. Matsuoka, Y. Saitoh, H. Oka and T. Kitao (1991) Chem. Abstr., 114, 83854c.

    Google Scholar 

  432. A. Whitaker (1975) Zeits Kristallogr., 142, 442.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  433. A. Whitaker (1977) Zeits Kristallogr., 145, 155.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  434. F. Bäbler (Ciba-Geigy AG) (1988) EP 256,983.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. A. Whitaker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry & Chemical Technology, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK

    A. T. Peters

  2. Dept. of Textile Engineering, Chemistry & Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA

    H. S. Freeman

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Whitaker, A. (1995). X-ray powder diffraction of synthetic organic colorants. In: Peters, A.T., Freeman, H.S. (eds) Analytical Chemistry of Synthetic Colorants. Advances in Color Chemistry Series, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1358-8_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1358-8_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4593-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1358-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation