Abstract
Cultivated lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a diploid (2n = 18) species in the Cichoreae tribe of the Compositae (Asteraceae) family. There are three well-established wild species in the subsection Lactuca, L. serriola, L. saligna, and L. virosa; all are 2n = 18 and self-fertilizing. These species can be crossed to L. sativa with increasing difficulty in the order listed. Several other sexually compatible species have been described (Ferakova 1977) but their validity as distinct species remains unclear. L. serriola is closely related to L. sativa and may be conspecific (Lindqvist 1960a; Kesseli et al. 1991). These wild species, especially L. serriola, have been sources of several disease resistance genes (see below; Crute 1988); however, they remain a rich source of variation that has yet to be accessed systematically.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Abbreviations
- LOD:
-
log of the odds ratio (log of the likelihood of the data arising due to linkage over the likelihood of the data arising by chance)
- NIL:
-
near-isogenic line
- PCR:
-
polymerase chain reaction
- QTL:
-
quantitative trait locus
- RFLP:
-
restriction fragment length polymorphism
- RAPD:
-
random amplified polymorphic DNA
- SCAR:
-
sequence characterized amplified region
References
Anon. (1992) Marketing lettuce from Salinas, Watsonville, other Central California districts and Colorado, 1991. Federal State Market News Service, 28 pp.
Bannerot, H., Boulidard, L., Marrou, J. and Duteil, M. (1969) Étude de l’hérédité de la tolérance au virus de la mosaique de la laitue chez la variété Gallega de Invierno. Ann. Phytopathol. 1: 219–226.
Bonnier, F.J.K., Reinink, K. and Groenwold, R. (1992) A search for new sources of major gene resistance in Lactuca to Bremia lactucae Euphytica 61: 203–211.
Bremer, A.H. (1931) Einfluss der Tageslange auf die Wachstumsphasen des Salats. Genetische Untersuchungen I. Gartenbauwissenshaft 4: 469–483.
Bremer, A.H. and Grana, J. (1935) Genetische Untersuchungen mit Salat. II. Gartenbauwissenshaft 9: 231–245.
Brown, P.R. and Michelmore, R.W. (1988) The genetics of corky root resistance in lettuce. Phytopathology 78: 1145–1150.
Cole, R.A., Sutherland, R.A. and Riggall, W.E. (1991) The use of Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to identify variation in isozymes as markers for Lactuca species and resistance to the lettuce root aphid Pemphigus bursarius Euphytica 56: 237–242.
Crute, I.R. (1988) The impact of breeding on pest and disease control in lettuce. Aspects Appl. Biol. 17: 305–312.
Crute, I.R. and Johnson, A.G. (1976) The genetic relationship between races of Bremia lactucae and cultivars of Lactuca sativa Ann. Appl. Biol. 83: 125–137.
Crute, I.R. and Norwood, J.M. (1981) The identification and characterisitics of field resistance to lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel). Euphytica 30: 707–717.
Durst, C.E. (1929) Inheritance in lettuce. Science 69: 553–554.
Durst, C.E. (1930) Inheritance in lettuce. Illinois Agric. Exp. Sta. Bull. 356: 237–341.
Ernst-Schwarzenbach, M. (1936) Fertilität, Photoperiodismus, und Genetik von Lactuca sativa L. Züchter 8: 11–21.
Farrara, B. and Michelmore, R.W. (1987) Identification of novel sources of downy mildew resistance in Lactuca spp. HortScience 22: 647–649.
Farrara, B., Ilott, T.W. and Michelmore, R.W. (1987) Genetic analysis of factors for resistance to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) in species of lettuce (Lactuca sativa and L. serriola) Plant Pathol. 36: 499–514.
Ferakova, V. (1977) The genus Lactuca L. in Europe. Univerzita Komenskeho, p. 68.
Hulbert, S.H. and Michelmore, R.W. (1985) Linkage analysis of genes for resistance to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Theor. Appl. Genet. 70: 520–528.
Ilott, T.W., Hulbert, S.H. and Michelmore, R.W. (1989) Genetic analysis of the gene-for-gene interaction between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and Bremia lactucae Phytopathology 79: 888–897.
Johnson, A.G., Crute, I.R. and Gordon, P.L. (1977) The genetics of race specific resistance in lettuce to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) Ann. Appl. Biol. 86: 87–103.
Johnson, A.G., Laxton, S.A., Crute, I.R., Gordon, P.L. and Norwood, J.M. (1978) Further work on the genetics of race specific resistance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) Ann. Appl. Biol. 89: 257–264.
Kesseli, R.V. and Michelmore, R.W. (1986) Genetic variation and phylogenies from isozyme markers in species of Lactuca Heredity 77: 324–331.
Kesseli, R.W., Paran, I. and Michelmore, R.W. (1989) Lactuca sativa In: S.J. O’Brien (ed.), Genetic Maps, 5th ed, pp. 6100–6102. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
Kesseli, R.V., Ochoa, O. and Michelmore, R.W. (1991) Variation at RFLP loci in Lactuca spp. and origin of cultivated lettuce. Genome 34: 430–436.
Kesseli, R.V., Paran, I., Ochoa, O., Wang, W.-C. and Michelmore, R.W. (1993a) Linkage map of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) In: S.J. O’Brien (ed.), Genetic Maps, 6th ed., pp. 6229–6233. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
Kesseli, R.V., Paran, I. and Michelmore, R.W. (1994) Analysis of a detailed genetic linkage map of Lactuca sativa (lettuce) constructed from RFLP and RAPD markers. Genetics 136: 1435–1446.
Kesseli, R.V., Witsenboer, H., Vandemark, G.J., Stangellini, M.E. and Michelmore, R.W. (1993b) Recessive resistance to Plasmopara lactucae-radicis maps by bulked segregant analysis to a cluster of dominant resistance genes in lettuce. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 6: 722–728.
Kosambi (1944) The estimation of map distance from recombination values. Ann. Eugen .12:172–175.
Lander, E.S., Green, P., Abrahamson, J., Barlow, A., Daly, M.J., Lincoln, S.E. and Newburg, L. (1987) MAPMAKER: in interactive computer package for constructing primary genetic linkage maps of experimental and natural populations. Genomics 1: 174–181.
Landry, B.S., Kesseli, R.V., Farrara, B. and Michelmore, R.W. (1987b) A genetic map of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) with restriction fragment length polymorphism, isozyme, disease resistance and morphological markers. Genetics 116: 331–337.
Landry, B.S., Kesseli, R.V., Leung, H. and Michelmore, R.W. (1987a) Comparison of restriction endonucleases and sources of probes for their efficiency in detecting restriction fragment length polymorphisms in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Theor. Appl. Genet. 74: 646–653.
Lindqvist, K. (1958) Inheritance of lobed leaf form in Lactuca Hereditas 44: 347–377.
Lindqvist, K. (1960a) On the origin of cultivated lettuce. Hereditas 46: 319–350.
Lindqvist, K. (1960b) Inheritance studies in lettuce. Hereditas 46: 387–470.
Maxon-Smith, J.W. (1979) Triforine sensitivity in lettuce. Euphytica 28: 351–359.
Michelmore, R.W., Marsh, E., Seely, S. and Landry, B.S. (1987a) Transformation of lettuce mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Plant Cell Rep. 6: 439–442.
Michelmore, R.W., Hulbert, S.H., Landry, B.S. and Leung, H. (1987b) Towards a molecular understanding of lettuce downy mildew. In: P.R. Day and G.J. Jellis (eds.), Genetics and Plant Pathogenesis, pp. 221–232. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
Michelmore, R.W., Paran, I. and Kesseli, R.V. (1991) Identification of markers linked to disease resistance genes by bulked segregant analysis: a rapid method to detect markers in specific genomic regions using segregating populations. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88: 9828–9832.
Michelmore, R.W., Kesseli, R.V., Francis, D.M., Paran, I., Fortin, M.G. and Yang, C.-H. (1992) Strategies for cloning plant disease resistance genes. In: S. Gurr (ed.), Molecular Plant Pathology - A Practical Approach, Vol. 2, pp. 233–287. IRL Press, Oxford.
Norwood, J.M., Crute, I.R., Johnson, A.G. and Gordon, P.L. (1983) A demonstration of the inheritance of field resistance to lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae Regel) in progeny derived from cv. Grand Rapids. Euphytica 32: 161–170.
Norwood, J.M., Johnson, A.G., O’Brien, M. and Crute, I.R. (1985) The inheritance of field resistance to lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) in the cross ‘Avoncrisp’ × ‘Iceberg’. Z. Pflanzenzüchtung 94: 259–262.
Paran, I. and Michelmore, R.W. (1993) Identification of reliable PCR-based markers linked to disease resistance genes in lettuce. Theor. Appl. Genet. 85: 085–993.
Paran, I., Kesseli, R.V. and Michelmore, R.W. (1991) Identification of RFLP and RAPD markers linked to downy mildew resistance genes in lettuce using near-isogenic lines. Genome 34: 1021–1027.
Paran, I., Kesseli, R.V. and Michelmore, R.W. (1992) Recent amplification of triose phosphate isomerase related sequences in lettuce. Genome 35: 627–635.
Pearson, O.H. (1956) The nature of the rogue in 456 lettuce. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 68: 270–278.
Pryor, T. (1987) Origin and structure of disease resistance genes in plants. Trends Genet. 3: 157–161.
Robinson, R.W., McCreight, J.D. and Ryder, E.J. (1983) The genes of lettuce and closely related species. Plant Breed. Rev. 1: 267–293.
Ryder, E.J. (1963a) A gene for depth of corolla cleft in the lettuce flower. Veg. Imp. Newsletter 5: 5–6.
Ryder, E.J. (1963b) An epistatically controlled pollen sterile in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 83: 585–589.
Ryder, E.J. (1965) The inheritance of five leaf characters in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 86: 457–461.
Ryder, E.J. (1967) A recessive male sterility gene in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 91: 366–368.
Ryder, E.J. (1970) Inheritance resistance to common lettuce mosaic. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 95: 378–379.
Ryder, E.J. (1971) Genetic studies in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 96: 826–828.
Ryder, E.J. (1975) Linkage and inheritance in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 100: 346–349.
Ryder, E.J. (1983) Inheritance, linkage and gene interaction studies in lettuce. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 108: 985–991.
Ryder, E.J. (1985) The use of early flowering genes to reduce generation time in backcrossing, with specific application to lettuce breeding. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 110: 570–573.
Ryder, E.J. (1986) Lettuce breeding. In: M.J. Bassett (ed.), Breeding Vegetable Crops, pp. 433–474. AVI Publishing, Westport.
Ryder, E.J. (1988) Early flowering in lettuce as influenced by a second flowering time gene and seasonal variation. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 113: 456–460.
Ryder, E.J. (1989) Studies of three new genes, linkage, and epistasis in lettuce. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 114: 129–133.
Ryder, E.J. (1992) Lettuce genetics: inheritance, linkage, and epistasis. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 117 (in press).
Sequira, L. (1978) Two root rot resistant varieties of lettuce. Wis. Agric. Exp. Sta. Rep. 2 p.
Thompson, R.C. (1938) Genetic relations of some color factors in lettuce. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bul. 620.
Waycott, W. (1989) Genetic and physiological studies on stem elongation in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz.
Whitaker, T.W. (1944) The inheritance of chlorophyll deficiencies in cultivated lettuce. J. Hered. 35: 317–320.
Whitaker, T.W. (1950) The genetics of leaf form in cultivated lettuce. I. The inheritance of lobing. Proc. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 56: 389–394.
Whitaker, T.W. (1968) A chlorophyll-deficient mutant in lettuce. Veg. Improv. Newsletter 10: 5.
Whitaker, T.W. and Bohn, G.W. (1953) The striate-vein character in lettuce. J. Hered. 44: 177–180.
Whitaker, T.W. and McCollum, G.D. (1954) Shattering in lettuce - its inheritance and biological significance. Bul. Torrey Bot. Club 81: 104–110.
Whitaker, T.W. and Pryor, D.E. (1941) The inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) in lettuce. Phytopathology 31: 534–540.
Williams, J.G.K., Kubelik, A.R., Livak, K.J., Rafalski, A. and Tingey, S.V. (1990) DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucl. Acids Res. 18: 6531–6535.
Zink, F.W. and Duffus, J.E. (1970) Linkage of turnip mosaic virus susceptibility and downy mildew, Bremia lactucae ,resistance in lettuce. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 95: 420–422.
Zink, F.W. and Duffus, J.E. (1973) Inheritance and linkage of turnip mosaic virus and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) reaction in Lactuca serriola J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 98: 49–51.
Zink, F.W. Duffus, J.E. and Kimble, K.A. (1973) Relationship of a non-lethal reaction to a virulent isolate of lettuce mosaic virus and turnip mosaic susceptibility in lettuce. J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci. 98: 41–45.
Zitter, T.A. and Guzman, V.L. (1977) Evaluation of cos lettuce crosses, endive cultivars, and Cichorium introductions for resistance to bidens mottle virus. Plant Dis. Rep. 61: 767–770.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Michelmore, R.W., Kesseli, R.V., Ryder, E.J. (1994). Genetic mapping in lettuce. In: Phillips, R.L., Vasil, I.K. (eds) DNA-based markers in plants. Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1104-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1104-1_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4482-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1104-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive