Abstract
Estrogen and progestogen effects on arterial function in postmenopausal women are a focus of current investigative research and a natural out-growth of numerous animal studies carried out during the last thirty to forty years. Arterial systems which have been studied include the aorta and coronary vessels, carotid and cerebral arteries, the uterine vasculature, and the peripheral circulation. Hemodynamic parameters which are affected by ovarian hormones include blood flow velocity, vasomotor tone, and vasodilator reserve. The discussion to follow will focus on human studies and the clinical implications of these findings.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Prill HJ, Gotz F. Blood flow in the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1961;82:102–08.
Steer CV et al. Transvaginal colour flow imaging of the uterine arteries during the ovarian and menstrual cycles. Hum Reprod 1990;5(4):391–95.
Fraser IS, McCarron G, Hutton B, Macey D. An evaluation of two inert gas clearance techniques for measurement of endometrial blood flow in women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1987;66:551–57.
Hassan AA, Carter G, Tooke JE. Postural vasoconstriction in women during the normal menstrual. Clin Sci 1990;78(1):39–47.
Bourne T, Hillard TC, Whitehead MI, Crook D, Campbell S. Oestrogen, arterial status, and postmenopausal women. Lancet 1990;335:1470–71.
de Ziegler D, Bessis R, Frydman R. Vascular resistance of uterine arteries: physiological effects of estradiol and progesterone. Fertil Steril 1991;55(4):775–79.
Semmens JP, Wagner G. Estrogen deprivation and vaginal function in postmenopausal women. JAMA 1982;248:445–48.
Sarrel PM. Sexuality and menopause. Obstet Gynecol 1990;75:26S–32S.
Versi E, Tapp A, Cardozo L, Montgomery J. Urethral vascular pulsations and the menopause. Abstracts Fifth International Congress on the Menopause, No. 164, 1987.
Sarrel PM. Blood flow and ovarian secretions. In: Naftolin F, DeCherney AH, Gutmann JN, Sarrel PM, editors. Ovarian secretions and cardiovascular and neurovascular function. New York: Raven Press, 1990:81–9.
Brass LM, Kisiel D, Sarrel PM. A correlation between estrogen and middle cerebral artery blood velocity at different times in the menstrual cycle in women with catamenial migraines. J Cardiovasc Technol 1990;9:68.
Gangar KF, Vyas S, Whitehead M, Crook D, Meire H, Campbell S. Pulsatility index in carotid artery in relation to transdermal oestradiol and time since menopause. Lancet 1991;338:839–842.
Chelsky R, Wilson RA, Morton MJ, Burry KA, Patton PE, Szumowski J, Giraud GD. Rapid alteration of ascending aortic compliance following treatment with Pergonal. Circulation 1990;82(4):III-126.
Pines A, Fisman EZ, Levo Y et al. The effects of hormone replacement therapy in normal postmenopausal women: measurements of Doppler-derived parameters of aortic flow. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1991;164:806–812.
Pines A, Fisman EZ, Drory Y, Levo Y, Shemesh J, Ben-Ari E, Ayalon D. Menopause-induced changes in Doppler-derived parameters of aortic flow in healthy women. Am J Cardiol 1992;69:1104–06.
Reis SE, Gloth ST, Blumenthal RS, Zacurha, Gerstenbleth G, Brinker JA. The influence of chronic estrogen replacement therapy on the acute effects of ethinyl estradiol on coronary artery flow in postmenopausal women. J Am Coll Cardiol 1993;21(2):20A.
Herrington DM, Braden GA, Downes TR, Williams JK. Estrogen modulates coronary vasomotor responses in postmenopausal women with early atherosclerosis. Circulation 1992;I-619, Abstract 2461.
Collins P, Rosano GMC, Adamopoulos S, McNeil J, Ulrich L, Sarrel PM, Poole-Wilson PA. Reversal of acetylcholine-induced vasoconstriction by intracoronary administration of estradiol-17β in menopausal women with coronary artery disease. Circulation 1993;88:I-589.
Meldrum DR. Neuroendocrine aspects of the menopausal hot flash. In: Givens JR, editor. The hypothalamus in health and disease. Chicago: Year Book Publishers, 1984:229–243.
Ginsburg J, O’Reilly B, Swinhoe J. Effect of oral clonidine on human vascular responsiveness: a possible explanation of the therapeutic action of the drug in menopausal flushing and migraine. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1985;92:1169–75.
Caspar RF, Yen SSE, Welkes MM. Menopausal flushes: a neuroendocrine link with pulsatile luteinizing hormone secretion. Science 1979;205:823–25.
Kronenberg F, Cote LI, Linkie DM, Dyrenfurth I, Downey JA. Menopausal hot flushes: thermoregulatory, cardiovascular and circulating catecholamine and LH Changes. Maturitas 1984;6:31–43.
Rees M, Barlow D. Absence of sustained reflex vasoconstriction in women with menopausal flushes. Hum Reprod 1988;3(7):823–25.
Ginsburg J, Swinhoe J, O’Reilly B. Cardiovascular responses during the menopausal hot flush. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1981;88:925–30.
Steward WF, Lepton RB, Celentano DD, Reed ML. Prevalence of migraine headache in the United States: relation to age, income, race and other sociodemographic factors. JAMA 1992;267(1):64–9.
La Croix AZ, Haynes SG, Savage DD, Havlik RJ. Rose questionnaire angina among United States black, white, and Mexican-American women and men. Am J Epidemiol 1989;129:669–86.
Kronenberg F. Hot flashes: epidemiology and physiology. In: Kronenberg F, Utian W, Flint M, editors. Multidisciplinary approaches to the menopause. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1990;592:52–86.
Sarrel PM, Lindsay D, Rosano GMC, Poole-Wilson PA. Angina and normal coronary arteries: Gynecologic findings. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;167:467–72.
Grant ECG. Relation of arterioles in the endometrium to headache from oral contraceptives Lancet 1965;1:1143–44.
Sarrel PM, Whitehead MI. Sex and menopause: Defining the issues. Maturitas 1985;7:217–24.
Sarrel PM. Sexuality and menopause. Obstet Gynecol 1990;75:26S–32S.
Somerville BW. The role of estradiol withdrawal in the etiology of menstrual migraine. Neurology 1972;22(4):355–65.
Welch KM, Darnley D, Simins RTR. The role of estrogen in migraine: a review and hypothesis. Cephalalgia 1984;4(4):227–36.
Leathard HL, Eccles NK. Inhibition and enhancement of human vascular contractility by ovarian steroids: candidate mechanisms linking migraine incidence with the menstrual cycle. In: Rose FC, editor. New advances in headache research. New York: Smith-Gordon, 1991:187–92.
Magos AL, Zilkha KJ, Studd JW. Treatment of menstrual migraine by oestradiol implants. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1983;46(11):1044–46.
de Ligniere B, Bousser MG. The treatment of catamenial migraine. Headache Rev 1991;4(2):3.
O’Dea JPK, Davis EH. Tamoxifen in the treatment of menstrual migraine. Neurology 1990;40(9):1470–71.
Osier W. Lectures on angina pectoris and allied states. New York: Appleton, 1901.
Robinson RW, Higano N, Cohen WD. Increased incidence of coronary heart disease in women castrated prior to the menopause. Arch Intern Med 1959;104:908–13.
Colditz GA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Speizer FE, Hennekens CH. Menopause and the risk of coronary heart disease in women. N Engl J Med 1987;316:1105–10.
Sullivan JM, Vander Zwaag R, Lemp GF et al. Postmenopausal estrogen use and coronary atherosclerosis. Ann Intern Med 1988;108:358–63.
Gruchow HW, Anderson Al, Barboriak JJ, Sobocinski KA. Postmenopausal use of estrogen occlusion of coronary arteries. Am Heart J 1988; 115:954–63.
Kennedy JW, Kaiser GC, Fischer LD et al. Clinical and angiographic predictors of operative mortality from the collaborative study in coronary artery surgery (CASS). Circulation 1981;63:793–802.
Hutchinson SJ, Poole-Wilson PA, Henderson AH. Angina with normal coronary arteries: a review. Q J Med 1989;72:677–88.
Sax FL, Cannon RO, Hanson C, Epstein SE. Impaired forearm vasodilator reserve in patients with microvascular angina. Evidence of a generalized disorder of vascular function. N Engl J Med 1987;317:1366–70.
Rosano GMC, Sarrel PM, Poole-Wilson PA, Collins P. Beneficial effect of oestrogen on exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in women with coronary artery disease. Lancet 1993;342:133–36.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Sarrel, P.M. (1994). Ovarian Hormones and Arterial Function. In: Crosignani, P.G., Paoletti, R., Sarrel, P.M., Wenger, N.K., Meschia, M., Soma, M. (eds) Women’s Health in Menopause. Medical Science Symposia Series, vol 7. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1024-2_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1024-2_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4446-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-1024-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive