The use of systems analysis at international and program levels: IITA’s experience

Abstract

A range of methods are available for systematic analysis and evaluation of agricultural production systems. The needs of users differ. Because of the difficulties of developing adequate models to represent the processes involved, even for a relatively simple, single crop system, it is doubtful whether practical, process-based models for entire cropping systems will be available soon. Meantime, the quantitative study of systems must use a combination of process-based modules to represent those parts of the system that are well understood, and empirical models for processes that are less well understood. This combination, together with data bases for environmental factors, could be developed in the form of DSS.

These DSS must be developed, tested, and applied in close collaboration with NARS and in close collaboration with IARCs and advanced institutions. An end user (whether NARS, IARC, or even an advanced institution) would first of all have to develop a conceptual framework that shows how the different components and processes would link up in order to simulate the functioning of a system. Such a framework determines the type of data bases and process modules that may be required. While NARS have a comparative advantage in adaptive research, IARCs or consortia of NARS can carry out strategic research in regions where national research systems have adequately trained personnel and stable funding. Then, the interactive use of DSS and participatory on-farm research methods would provide a powerful tool in improving the farming-systems research by NARS.