Summary
Two process conditions have been tested for cometabolism of volatile organic compounds (VOCs): 1. methanotrophic biomass and 2. phenol-degrading bacteria. Two full-scale biofilm reactors (13.5 m3) were tested for the treatment of groundwater (27 m3/h) contaminated with dichloroethylene (DCE) and monochlorobenzene (MCB). The two plugflow BIOPUR® each contained five compartments in series. Natural gas was injected into the second compartment. In a second test period phenol was injected in compartment 2 to stimulate cometabolism by phenol-degrading biomass. Compartment 1 was intended for the biodegradation of MCB. In the methanotrophic phase, removal efficiencies of 60 to 80% for DCE were achieved. The methanotrophic biofilm reactor operated safely and at low costs; however, a one-step, economically attractive process does not seem to be feasible for the removal of DCE from contaminated groundwater down to the low levels required by Dutch legislation. Phenol-degrading bacteria offer good opportunities for cometabolism of VOC.
Kurzfassung
Es wurden zwei methanotrope Biofilm-Reaktoren (13,5 m3) im technischen Maßstab für die Behandlung von mit Dichlorethylen (DCE) und Monochlorbenzol (MCB) kontaminierten Grundwasser (27 m3/h) erprobt. Für DCE wurden Abbau-Wirkungsgrade von 60–80% realisiert. Das Strippen erreichte 5–20%. Der methanotrophe Biofilm-Reaktor konnte sicherheitsgerecht und kostengünstig betrieben werden; ein einstufiger, wirtschaftlich attraktiver Prozeß für die Entfernung von DCE aus kontaminiertem Grundwasser bis auf die in den Niederlanden vorgeschriebenen niedrigen Restkonzentrationen erscheint jedoch nicht machbar.
Résumé
Deux réacteurs à biofilm (13,5 m3) ont été testés à grande échelle dans un processus de traitement méthanotrophe d’une quantité d’eaux souterraines polluées par du dichloréthylène et du monochlorobenzene. Des taux d’élimination compris entre 60 et 80% ont été réalisés pour le dichloréthylène. Cependant, un processus unique pour l’élimination du dichloréthylène des eaux souterraines polluées, permettant d’obtenir les taux limites très strictes imposés par la loi néerlandaise, et qui soit en même temps rentable du point de vue économique, ne semble pas être réalisable.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
De Bruin, W.P., M.J.J. Kotterman, M.A. Posthumus, G. Schraa, and A.J.B. Zehnder. 1992. “Complete Biological Reductive Transformation of Tetrachloroethene to Ethane.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58 (6): 1996–2000.
Dolfing, J., A.J. van den Wijngaard, and D.B. Janssen. 1993. “Microbiological Aspects of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons from Air.” Biodegradation 4:261–282.
Folsom, B.R., and P.J. Chapman. 1991. “Performance Characterization of a Model Bioreactor for Biodegradation of Trichloroethylene by Pseudomonas Cepacia 64.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57 (6): 1602–1608.
Hartmans, S., and J.A.M. de Bont. 1992. “Aerobic Vinyl Cloride Metabolism in Mycobacterium Aurum L1.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58:1220–1226.
Marsman, E.H., J.M.M. Appelman, L.G.C.M. Urlings, and B.A. Bult. 1994. “BIOPUR®, an Innovative Bioreactor for the Treatment of Groundwater and Soil Vapour Contaminated with Xenobiotics.” In R.E. Hinchee, D.B. Anderson, F. Blaine Mitting, Jr., and G.D. Sayles (Eds.), Applied Biotechnology for Site Remediation, pp. 391-399. Lewis Publishers.
Oldenhuis, R., R.J.L.M. Vink, D.B. Jansen, and B. Witholt. 1989. “Degradation of Chlorinated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b Expressing Soluble Methane Monooxygenase.” Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55: 2819–2826.
Shields, M.S., S.O. Montgomery, S.M. Cuskey, P.J. Chapman, and P.H. Pritchard. 1991. “Mutants of Pseudomonas cepacia G4 Defective in Catabolism of Aromatic Compounds and Trichloroethlene.” Applied and Environmental Microbiology 57 (7): 1935–1941.
Speitel, G.E., R.L. Segar, and S.L. de Wijs. 1994. “Trichloroethylene Cometabolism by Phenoldegrading Bacteria in Sequencing Biofilm Reactors.” In R.E. Hinchee, A. Leeson, L. Semprini, and S.V. Ong (Eds.), Bioremediation of Chlorinated and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Compounds, pp. 333–338, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this paper
Cite this paper
Marsman, E.H., van Veen, W.W., Appelman, J.J.M., Urlings, L.G.C.M. (1995). Biodegradation of Chlorinated Solvents Under Cometabolic Conditions — Full-Scale Experiments. In: Van Den Brink, W.J., Bosman, R., Arendt, F. (eds) Contaminated Soil ’95. Soil & Environment, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0421-0_34
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4188-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0421-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive