Abstract
Progress in negotiations towards a comprehensive prohibition of nuclear testing and the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons depends to a considerable extent on the presence and effectiveness of techniques for the identification of underground nuclear explosions (UNE), techniques proposed by experts for verifying the monitoring of such agreements. It is generally considered [1, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13] that the seismic verification technique ensures, at present, a permissible level of reliability for detecting and identifying UNE with yields not less than 1 - 2 kt. This threshold could be considered as admissible from the standpoint of signing a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty and the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. This is because testing a small-yield nuclear device does not allow one to create a real nuclear weapon. Nuclear charges with yields less than 1 kt cannot compete with chemical charges of the same total yield and same striking effect. However, the possibility of evading a seismic monitoring network by explosions with yields less than 1 kt should be considered.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adushkin V. and Spivak A. (1990) Methods of seismic monitoring and the problem of underground test ban. -Physics of the Earth, No. 12, 3–5 (in Russian).
Adushkin V. and Spivak A. (1993) Geomechanics of large-scale explosions. “NEDRA”, Moscow.
Adushkin V., Spivak A. and Kulikov V. (1993) Influence of structure-tectonical setting of geophysical medium on the seismic effects of underground nuclear explosions. -Physics of the Earth, No. 12, 54–64 (in Russian).
Bronnikov D. and Spivak A. (1981) Influence of the shielding gap on the explosion action in the solid medium -Physical-technical problems of mine, No. 3, 62–70 (in Russian).
Rodin G. (1974) Seismology of underground nuclear explosions. “MIR”, Moscow (in Russian).
Seismic verification of Nuclear Testing Treaties (1992) /Translating editors: V. Adushkin and A. Spivak. “MIR”, Moscow (in Russian).
Sidorin A. (1994) The contribution of seismology to the arms race reduction. -Russia’s Federal System of Seismological Networks and Earthquake Prediction, No. 2, 60–64.
Spivak A. (1973) The compressional waves in the solid medium due to explosion in an air-filled cavity.-Physics of burning and explosion, No. 2, 263–268 (in Russian).
Adushkin V. and Spivak A. (1994) Geological Characterization and Mechanics of Underground Nuclear Explosions. Defense Nuclear Agency, Alexandria, VA, U.S.A.-793 p.
Alewine R.W. (1985) Seismic Sensing of Soviet Tests, Defense 85, 11–21.
Evernden J.F., Archambeau C.B., Cranswick E. (1986) Evaluation of Seismic Decoupling and Underground Nuclear Monitoring Using High-Frequency Seismic Data. Review of Geophysics, 24, No. 2, 143–215.
Murphy J.R., Bennett T.J. (1982) A Discrimination Analysis of Short Period Regional Seismic Data at Tonto Forest Observatory. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer., 72, No. 4, 1351–1366.
Ringdal F. (1985) Seismological Verification of Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. Workshop on Seismological Verification of Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, June 4–7, Oslo, Norway.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1996 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Spivak, A.A. (1996). Methods of Evading Detection by a Nuclear Explosion Monitoring Network under Special Conditions. In: Husebye, E.S., Dainty, A.M. (eds) Monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. NATO ASI Series, vol 303. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0419-7_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0419-7_18
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-4187-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-0419-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive