Summary
Cross-sectional frames of intravascular ultrasonic data are the basis of two-dimensional (2D) quantitative information and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. A method for semi-automatic 3D image quantification for volumetric study of series of echo slices has been developed. This is based on interactive contour analysis of two perpendicular longitudinal sections obtained from the 3D data as a first step. Intraobserver variations appear to be low.
Backscatter from blood may obscure border lines and severely limit automatic contour procedures and 3D imaging. Image frame averaging methods have been applied with limited success to separate blood from tissue. These methods tend to blur fast moving structures.
New technologies to use the radiofrequency (RF) ultrasonic signal for image improvement are in their infancy, but look promising. These methods include:
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Extraction of quantitative tissue parameters based on spectral information obtained from the RF signal.
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Cross-correlation of a time sequence of RF traces. This yields a high value at the wall region against a low value elsewhere. It is shown that with this technique the image can be improved drastically.
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Another approach is elastography. With intravascular elastography, external sound waves are enforced on the tissue to allow differentiation of wall properties. Calculated simulations are presented.
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© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Bom, N. et al. (1995). Intravascular ultrasound. In: Van Der Wall, E.E., Marwick, T.H., Reiber, J.H.C. (eds) Advances in Imaging Techniques in Ischemic Heart Disease. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 171. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0365-7_9
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