Abstract
Scale plays an important role in environmental studies. Often data are collected at one particular scale, whereas statements on the quality of the environment are needed at another scale. Point data, for example are needed in geostatistical studies to characterizes areas of land. The quality of the state of the environment at a provincial scale requires different information as compared to the state of the environment at the scale of an urban region in the province. The scale is in this study defined as the region, area or the system limits that are covered by an indicator. We further restrict it to the area on which the indicator is used for decision making. We will in this study focus on the relation between the scale of observation, and the scale at which information is required. To formulate indicators, information can be necessary that is available at different scales.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bierkens, M.F.P., Finke, P.A. and De Willigen, P. (2000) Upscaling and Downscaling Methods for Environmental Research (Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, V. 88). Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
Chilès, J.P. and Delfiner, P. (1999) Geostatistics — modeling spatial uncertainty. Wiley, New York.
De Bruin, S. (2000) Querying probabilistic land cover data using fuzzy set theory. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 14, pp. 359–372
Feddes, R.A. (1995) Space and time variability and interdependencies in hydrological processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Fotteringham, A.S. and Wong, D. WS. (1991) The modifiable areal unit problem in multivariate statistical analysis. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 23, pp. 1025–1044
Gaunt, J.L., Riley, J., Stein, A., Penning de Vries, F.W.T. (1997) Requirements for effective modelling strategies. Agricultural Systems, Vol. 54, pp. 153–168
Hoosbeek, M.R., Bouma, J. 1998. Obtaining soil and land quality indicators using research chains and geostatisticai methods. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems Vol. 50, pp. 35–50.
King, G. (1997) A solution to the ecological inference problem. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
Steel, D.G., Holt, D. 1996. Analysing and adjusting aggregation effects: the ecological fallacy revisited. International Statistical Review Vol. 64, pp. 39–60.
Stein, A., Varekamp, C., Van Egmond, C, Van Zoest, R. 1995. Zinc concentrations in groundwater at different scales. Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 24, pp. 1205–1214.
Van Bodegom, P.M., Verburg, P.H., Stein, A., Adiningsih, S., Denier van der Gon, H.A.C. In press. Scaling effects on estimates of methane emissions from rice paddies. Environmental, Ecological Statistics.
Van Soest, F., Stein, A., Dekkers, A.L.M., Van Duijvenboden, W. Subm. Development of a method for a quantitative evaluation of region oriented policy. In press. Journal of Environmental Management.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this paper
Cite this paper
Stein, A. (2001). Change of Support for Environmental Indicators. In: Monestiez, P., Allard, D., Froidevaux, R. (eds) geoENV III — Geostatistics for Environmental Applications. Quantitative Geology and Geostatistics, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0810-5_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0810-5_34
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-7107-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0810-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive