Abstract
The inexorable expansion of the world’s urban population and the realisation that water resources are finite have forced many developing cities in emergent economies to consider how sustainability can be introduced into their plans for infrastructural improvement. Groundwater dependent cities feel this need most. However, the pace of urban aquifer management remains slow. Simple but context-sensitive aquifer protection policies would help plan for sustainable urban development, especially if stakeholder involvement increases the chances for the gap between policy enactment and enforcement/compliance to be closed. The experience of two such developing cities in Bangladesh and Kyrghyzstan that are attempting to develop their own groundwater protection plan along sound hydrogeological principles is discussed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
UNCHS (1987) Global Report on Human Settlements — UN Centre for Human Settlements, Oxford University Press, New York.
BGS, ODA, UNEP, and WHO (1996) Characterisation and Assessment of Groundwater Quality Concerns in Asia Pacific Region. UNEP/WHO report UNEP/DEIA/AR/96-1, Nairobi Kenya, pp. 102.
Calow, R.C., Morris, B.L., Macdonald, D.M., Talbot, J.C., and Lawrence, AR. (1999) Tools for assessing and Managing Groundwater Pollution Threats in Urban Areas, BGS Technical Report WC/99/18, Keyworth, UK.
British Geological Survey and Robens Centre for Public and Environmental Health (2001) Guidelines for Assessing the Risk to Groundwater from On-Site Sanitation, BGS Technical Report (in press).
Lazaro, T.R. (1979) Urban Hydrology — A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective, Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Michigan, USA.
Geake, A.K., Foster, S.S.D., Nakamatsu, N., Valenzuela, C.F., and Valverde, M.L. (1986) Groundwater recharge and pollution mechanisms in urban aquifers of arid regions, BGS Hydrogeology Research Report 86/11.
Lerner, D.N. (1986) Leaking pipes recharge groundwater, Ground Water 24, 654–662.
Van de Ven, F.H.M (1990) Water balances of urban areas, IAHS Publn 198, 21–32.
Ku, H.F.H., Hagelin, N.W., and Buxton, H.T. (1992) Effects of urban storm runoff control on groundwater recharge in Nassau County, New York, Ground Water 30, 507–514.
Price, M. and Reed, D.W. (1989) The influence of mains leakage and urban drainage on groundwater levels beneath conurbations in the UK, Proc Inst Civil Engrs 186, 31–39.
Foster, S.S.D., Morris, B.L., and Lawrence, A.R. (1993) Effects of Urbanisation on Groundwater Recharge, Proceedings of ICE International Conference on Groundwater Problems in Urban Areas, Thomas Telford London, London.
Lindh, G. (1983) Water And The City, UNESCO, Paris, France.
Douglas, I. (1983) The Urban Environment, Edward Arnold, London, GB.
Postel, S. (1984) Water: rethinking management in an age of scarcity, Worldwatch Paper 62, Worldwatch, Washington, DC.
Satterthwaite, D., Hardoy, J.E., and Cairncross, S. (1990) The Poor Die Young, Earthscan, London, UK.
Briscoe, J. (1993) When the cup is half full, Environment 35(4) 7–37.
Black, M. (1994) Mega-Slums: The Coming Sanitary Crisis, Water Aid, London, UK.
Foster, S.S.D., Lawrence, A.R., and Morris, B.L. (1998) Groundwater in Urban Development-Assessing Management Needs and Formulating Policy Strategies, World Bank Technical Paper 390, Washington, DC.
Foster, S.S.D. and Skinner, A.C. (1995) Groundwater protection: the science and practice of land surface zoning, IAHS Publication 225, 471–482.
Foster, S.S.D. and Hirata, R. (1988) Groundwater Pollution Risk Assessment: A Methodology Using Available Data, Pan American Center for Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Sciences (CEPIS), Lima, Peru.
Andersen, L.J. (1987) Applicability of vulnerability maps, Proceeding of International Conference “Vulnerability of Soil and Groundwater to Pollutants” Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
Ă“ Dochartaigh, B.E., Morris, B.L., Litvak, R.G., Nemaltseva, E.I., Podubnaia, I., and Tolstihin, G. (2000) Groundwater vulnerability and urban activity assessment: the Bishkek, Kyrghyzstan case-study, BGS Technical Report WC/00/14, Keyworth, UK.
Morris, B.L., Ă“ Dochartaigh, B.E., Cunningham, J., Ahmed, K.M., Hasan, M.K., and Ali Seddique, A. (2000) Groundwater vulnerability and urban activity assessment: the Narayanganj Bangladesh case-study, BGS Technical Report WC/00/21, Key worth, UK.
National Research Council (1993) Groundwater vulnerability assessment: predicting relative contamination potential under conditions of uncertainty, Committee on Techniques for Assessing Groundwater Vulnerability, Water Science and Technology Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources, NRC, Washington DC, USA.
Vrba, J. and Zaporozec, A. (1994) Guidebook on mapping groundwater vulnerability, International Association of Hydrogeologists International Contributions to Hydrogeology Vol 16, Heise Hannover, Germany.
British Geological Survey and Cooperativa de Servicios Publicos “Santa Cruz” Ltda (1995) Impact of Urbanisation on Groundwater in Santa Cruz, Bolivia: Final Report, BGS Technical Report WC/94/37 Keyworth, UK.
British Geological Survey and Cooperativa de Servicios Publicos “Santa Cruz” Ltda (1997) Assessment of Pollution Risk to Deep Aquifers from Urban Wastewaters: Santa Cruz City Report. BGS Technical Report WC/97/11 Keyworth, UK.
British Geological Survey, Autonomous University of Yucatan and National Water Commission of Mexico (1994) Impact of Urbanisation on Groundwater in MĂ©rida, Mexico: Final Report, British Geological Survey Report WC/94/38 Keyworth, UK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Morris, B.L., Litvak, R.G., Ahmed, K.M. (2002). Urban Groundwater Protection and Management: Lessons from Developing Cities in Bangladesh and Kyrghyzstan. In: Howard, K.W.F., Israfilov, R.G. (eds) Current Problems of Hydrogeology in Urban Areas, Urban Agglomerates and Industrial Centres. Nato Science Series, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0409-1_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0409-1_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0601-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0409-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive