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Innovative Approaches to the On-Site Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites pp 217–263Cite as

PCB — Approaches to Removal From the Environment

Current Status of Bioremediation in the Czech Republic

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Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((NAIV,volume 15))

Abstract

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) belong to the group of the most recalcitrant compounds with proved negative effect on the human health. They may be removed from the environment by chemical, physical and biological methods, while the latter ones through microorganisms or plants represent more economical way of removal. This study describes use of bacteria isolated in the Czech Republic from PCB contaminated sites. Several physiological characteristics of biodegradation and different ways of process improvement are documented. The utilization of microbial consortia of chlorobiphenyl and chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria is proposed. The beneficial effect of natural compounds of plant origin for the induction of PCB upper degradation pathway is also discussed.

Depending on the chloride substitution, bacteria use different routes to complete their mineralisation. In this study, we have also investigated a possibility for the complementation of both ortho- and meta-cleavage pathway for chlorocatechols — intermediates of lower PCB metabolic pathway in one strain and its potential impact for degradation of chlorobenzoates, which are known to accumulate during degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Two lab-scale studies addressed to enhance the aerobic bioremediation of an aged PCB- contaminated soil (containing about 350 mg/kg of a variety of PCBs) through its amendment with defined PCB-bioavailability enhancing agents are reviewed.

The aerobic bioremediation of the aged-contaminated soil employed was found to be significantly and differently influenced by the presence of Triton X-100 (TX-100), Quillaya Saponin (QS), Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and γCyclodextrin (γCD) in the soil slurry-phase and fixed-phase aerobic reactors used in the experiment. Among the tested PCB-solubilizing agents, the biogenic products QS, γ-CD and in particular HP-β-CD were found to be very promising bioremediation stimulating agents.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic

    K. Demnerová, M. Macková, J. Pazlarová, M. Vosahlíková, H. Nováková, E. Jindrová, E. Ryslavá, P. Kucerová, H. Stiborová & P. Kastanek

  2. Institute of Biochemistry and Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic

    T. Macek

  3. Institute of Landscape Ecology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic

    N. Vrchotova

  4. Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic

    V. Brenner, L. Pavlů, S. Totevová, T. Kristoffer & M. Sobotka

  5. Dept. of Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, USA

    D. D. Focht

  6. DICASM, Faculty of Engineering, University of Bologna, V.le Risorgimento, 2., I-40136, Bologna, Italy

    F. Fava, D. Di Gioia & L. Marchetti

  7. Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA

    J. S. Fletcher & M. B. Leigh

  8. ENVISAN-GEM a.s., Biotechnological Division, Budova VUPP, Radiova 7, CZ-102 31, Prague 10, Czech Republic

    V. Mateju

  9. Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, 165 02 Prague 6- Suchdol, Czech Republic

    F. Kastanek

  10. IDOS Prague LTD, Center of Innovative Technologies, Czech Republic

    L. Kasák

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  1. K. Demnerová
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hazardous Substance Research Center S/SW, Lousiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

    Danny Reible

  2. Institute of Chemical Technology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Prague, Czech Republic

    Katerina Demnerova

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Demnerová, K. et al. (2002). PCB — Approaches to Removal From the Environment. In: Reible, D., Demnerova, K. (eds) Innovative Approaches to the On-Site Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sites. NATO Science Series, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0255-4_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0255-4_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0957-0

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