Abstract
The most usual difficulties encountered in the study of frontier-controlled reactions by approximate methods (aromaticity rules, frontier-orbital approximation and correlation diagram) are reviewed.
Since the discovery of the Woodward-Hoffmann rules [1], three approximate theoretical methods [1–4] have been extensively used by chemists for the study of chemical reactivity. These methods are based on the aromaticity rules [2], on the frontier orbital approximation [3], and on correlation diagrams [1]. The application of these methods, usually very simple, may sometimes presents serious difficulties. This paper is concerned with such cases.
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References
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In particular, the orbitals obtained for F- and Cl- with extended basis set [l8] should not be used in a perturbational scheme, the electron affinities for F and CI being respectively 3,48 and 3,69 [21]
In connection with this problem, it may be noted that if in the gas phase or in aprotic solutions, the HOAO of F- is higher than that of CI-, the order is reversed in protic solutions. Similarly there is a reversal of the LUAO level ordering for the Li+, Na+ pair, when the solvent is changed [l7]. Therefore, the equivalences suggested by Klopman [21], hard cation + hard anion = charge controlled reaction, soft cation + soft anion = frontier controlled reaction, hold only for protic solutions or for reactions with aggregates [l7]
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Anh, N.T. (1979). On the Use of Aromaticity Rules, Frontier Orbitals and Correlations Diagrams. Some Difficulties and Unsolved Problems. In: Daudel, R., Pullman, A., Salem, L., Veillard, A. (eds) Quantum Theory of Chemical Reactions. Quantum Theory of Chemical Reactions, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9516-1_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9516-1_8
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