Abstract
The management of patients with Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma has improved significantly over the past two decades. It is now possible to offer potentially curative therapy to all newly diagnosed patients with disseminated Hodgkin’s disease and to demonstrate a clear survival advantage for chemotherapy responders in the non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. However, the management of an individual patient is frequently controversial. The proliferation of clinical studies utilizing a bewildering array of chemotherapy combinations, often in conjunction with radiotherapy, has led to new recommendations being proposed before they are compared to standard practice. Interpretation of promising results must be viewed with caution in the absence of controlled trials, because of differences in patient selection, sites of disease, and prognostic factors. Careful consideration of the toxicity-benefit ratio for each chemotherapy or combined modality program is the responsibility of all physicians caring for these patients. The optimal management and greatest opportunity for improved disease-free survival in the lymphomas depends on collaborative, well-designed clinical trials. This chapter will review the important role of chemotherapy in the management of both advanced and localized Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in adults. Emphasis will be placed on evaluation of ongoing clinical investigations in comparison to what has become accepted as standard therapy. A list of abbreviations and acronyms of the various chemotherapy regimes is given in the Appendix at the end of this chapter [1].
Supported in Part by USPHS Grants No. CA-16520.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Coltman CA: Chemotherapy of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Semin Oncol 7:155–173, 1980.
Goodman LS, Wintrobe MM, Dameshek W, et al.: Nitrogen mustard therapy. JAMA 132:126–132, 1946.
Karnofsky DA, Craver LF, Rhoads CP, Abels JC: An evaluation of methyl-bis-(B-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride and tris-(B-chloroethyl)amine hydrochloride (nitrogen mustards) in the treatment of lymphomas, leukemia, and allied diseases. In: Approaches to tumor chemotherapy. Washington, DC: Am Assoc for the Advancement of Science, 1947, pp 319–337.
Zanes RP, Doan CA, Hoster HA: Studies in Hodgkin’s syndrome. VII. Nitrogen mustard therapy. J Lab Clin Med 33:1002–1018, 1948.
Carter SK, Livingston RB: Single-agent therapy for Hodgkin’s disease. Arch Intern Med 131:377–387, 1973.
Huguley CM JR, Durant JR, Moores RR, et al.: A comparison of nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) vs nitrogen mustard in advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 36:1227–1240, 1975.
Carbone PP, Spurr C, Schneiderman M, et al.: Management of patients with malignant lymphoma: a comparative study with cyclophosphamide and vinca alkaloids. Cancer Res 28:811–822, 1968.
Desser RK, Ultmann JE: The sensitivity of Hodgkin’s disease to chemotherapeutic agents administered singly. Ser Haematol 6:152–181, 1973.
Stutzman L, Ezdinli EZ, Stutzman MA: Vinblastine sulfate versus cyclophosphamide in the therapy for lymphoma. JAMA 195:173–178, 1966.
Stolinsky J, Pugh RP, Stevens AR, et al.: Clinical experience with procarbazine in Hodgkin’s disease, reticulum cell sarcoma, and lymphosarcoma. Cancer 26:984–990, 1970.
Lessner HE: BCNU l,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea: effects on advanced Hodgkin’s disease and other neoplasia. Cancer 22:451–456, 1968.
Young RC, DeVita VT Jr, Serpick AA, Canellos GP: Treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease with 1,3 bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea) BCNU. NEJM 285:475–479, 1971.
Katz ME, Glick JH: Nitrosoureas: a reappraisal of clinical trials. Cancer Clin Trials 2:297–316, 1979.
Selarwy OS, Hansen HH: Superiority of CCNU (l-(2-chlorethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea; NSC 79037) over BCNU 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea; NSC 409962) in treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Proc AACR 13:46, 1972.
Blum RH, Carter SK, Agre K: A clinical review of bleomycin: a new antineoplastic agent. Cancer 31:903–914, 1972.
Haas CD, Coltman CA Jr, Gottlieb JA, et al.: Phase II evaluation of bleomycin. Cancer 38:8–12, 1976.
Yagoda A, Mukherji B, Young C, et al.: Bleomycin: an antitumor antibiotic. Ann Intern Med 77:861–870, 1972.
Blum RH, Carter SK: Adriamycin: a new anticancer drug with significant clinical activity. Ann Intern Med 80:249–259, 1974.
Gottlieb JA, Gutterman JV, McCreedie KB, et al.: Chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma with adriamycin. Cancer Res 33:3224–3228, 1973.
Luce JK: Personal communication, 1980.
Frei E III, Luce JK, Talley RW, Vaitkevicius VK, Wilson HE: 5-(3,3-dimethyl-l-triazeno) immidazole-4-carboxamide (NSC-45388) in the treatment of lymphoma. Cancer Chemother Rep, Part I 56:667–670, 1972.
DeVita VT Jr, Lewis BJ, Rozencweig M, Muggia FM: The chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease: past experience and future directions. Cancer 42:979–990, 1978.
Lacher MU, Durant JR: Combined vinblastine and chlorambucil therapy of Hodgkin’s disease. Ann Intern Med 62:468–476, 1965.
Moxley JH, DeVita VT, Brace K, et al.: Intensive combination chemotherapy and x-irradiation in Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer Res 27:1258–1263, 1967.
DeVita VT, Canellos GP, Moxley JH: A decade of combination chemotherapy of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 30:1495–1504, 1972.
Luce JK, Gamble JF, Wilson HE, et al.: Combined cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone therapy of malignant lymphoma. Cancer 28:307–317, 1971.
Lenhard RE: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Studies. Arch Intern Med 131:418–420, 1973.
DeVita VT Jr, Serpick AA, Carbone PP: Combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Ann Intern Med 73:881–895, 1970.
DeVita VT Jr, Simon RM, Hubbard SM, Young RC, Berard CW, Moxley JH, Frei E III, Carbone PP, Canellos GP: Curability of advanced Hodgkin’s disease with chemotherapy. Ann Intern Med 92:587–595, 1980.
Young RC, Canellos GP, Chabner BA, et al.: Maintenance chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease in remission. Lancet 2:1339–1343, 1973.
Young RC, DeVita VT: Chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease. Clin Haematol 8:625–644, 1979.
Herman TA, Jones SE: Systematic restaging in patients with Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:1976–1982, 1978.
Gibbs G, Bloomfield CD, Peterson BA, et al.: Therapy of Hodgkin’s disease with cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine, prednisone: 5-year follow-up. Proc AACR 20:101, 1979.
Bakemeier R: Personal communication, 1980.
Canellos GP, Young RC, DeVita VT: Combination chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease in relapse following extensive radiotherapy. Clin Pharm Therap 13:750–754, 1972.
Frei E III, Luce JK, Gamble JF, et al.: Combination chemotherapy in advanced Hodgkin’s disease: induction and maintenance of remission. Ann Intern Med 79:376–382, 1973.
Moore MR, Jones SE, Bull JM, et al.: MOPP chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease: prognostic factors in 81 patients. Cancer 32:52–60, 1973.
Sutcliffe SB, Wrigley PRM, Peto J, et al.: MVPP chemotherapy regimen for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Br Med J 1:679–683, 1978.
Durant JR, Gams RA, Velez-Garcia E, et al.: BCNU, velban, cyclophosphamide, procarbazine and prednisone (BVCPP) in advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:2101–2110, 1978.
Lowenbraum S, DeVita VT, Serpick AA: Combination chemotherapy with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone in previously treated patients with Hodgkin’s disease. Blood 36:704–717, 1970.
Bakemaier RF, Costello WG, Horton J, et al.: Chemoimmunotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 20:392, 1979.
Nissen NI, Pajak TF, Glidewell O, et al.: A comparative study of a BCNU containing 4-drug versus MOPP versus 3-drug combinations in advanced Hodgkin’s disease: a cooperative study by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Cancer 43:31–40, 1979.
Ziegler JL, Blummg AZ, Fass L, et al.: Chemotherapy of childhood Hodgkin’s disease in Uganda. Lancet 2:679–680, 1972.
Olweny CLM, Katongole-Mbidde E, Kiire C, Lwanga SK, Magrath I, Ziegler JL: Childhood Hodgkin’s disease in Uganda: a ten-year experience. Cancer 42: 787–792, 1978.
Coltman CA Jr, Frei E III, Delaney FC: Effectiveness of actinomycin, methotrexate and vinblastine in prolonging the duration of combination chemotherapy (MOPP) induced remission in advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 9:78, 1973.
Nissen NI, Stutzman L, Holland JF, et al.: Chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease in studies by Acute Leukemia Group B. Arch Intern Med 13:396–401, 1973.
Coltman CA JR, Jones SE, Grozea PN, et al.: Bleomycin in combination with MOPP for the management of Hodgkin’s disease: Southwest Oncology Group experience. In: Bleomycins — current status and new developments, Carter SK, Crooke ST, Umezawa H, eds. New York: Academic, 1978, pp227–242.
Nixon DW, Aisenberg AC: Combination chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 33:1499–1504, 1974.
British National Lymphoma Investigation: Value of prednisone in combination chemotherapy of stage IV Hodgkin’s disease. Br Med J 3:413–414, 1975.
Jacobs C, Portlock CS, Rosenberg: Prednisone in MOPP chemotherapy for Hodgkin’s disease. Br Med J 2:1469–1471, 1976.
Castellino RA, Glatstein E, Turbow MM, et al.: Latent radiation injury of lungs or heart activated by steroid withdrawal. Ann Intern Med 80:593–599, 1974.
Stutzman L, Glidewell O: Multiple chemotherapeutic agents for Hodgkin’s disease. Comparison of three routines: a cooperative study by Acute Leukemia Group B. JAMA 225:1202–1211, 1973.
Cooper RM, Pagak TF, Nissen NI, et al.: A new effective four-drug combination of CCNU, vinblastine, prednisone, and procarbazine for the treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 46:654–662, 1980.
Durant JR, Gams RA, Velez-Garcia E, et al.: BCNU, Velban, cyclophosphamide, procarbazine, and prednisone (BCVPP) in advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:2101–2110, 1978.
Morgenfeld M, Somoza N, Magnasco J, et al.: Combined chemotherapy cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone (CVPP) vs CVPP plus CCNU (CCVPP) in Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 43:1579–1586, 1979.
Bloomfield CD, Weiss, RB, Fortuny I et al.: Combined chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone (CVPP) for patients with advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 38:42–48, 1976.
Diggs CH, Wiernik PH, Levi JA, Kvols LK: Cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone with CCNU and vinblastine maintenance for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 39:1949–1954, 1977.
McElwain TJ, Toy J, Smith E, et al.: A combination of chlorambucil, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone for treatment of Hodgkin’s disease. Br J Cancer 36:276–280, 1977.
Nicholson WM, Beard MEV, Crowther D, et al.: Combination chemotherapy in generalized Hodgkin’s disease. Br Med J 3:7–10, 1970.
Glick JH: Personal communication, 1980.
Gams RA, Durant JR, Omura GA, Bartolucci AA: Remission duration and survival in advanced Hodgkin’s disease: the influence of bleomycin and alternating non-cross-resistant combination chemotherapy. Blood (Suppl 1)54:187A, 1979.
Jones SE, Fisher RJ, Jones J, Coltman CA: Improved remission induction chemotherapy for patients with advanced Hodgkin’s disease: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Proc ASCO 21:464, 1980.
Coltman CA Jr, Frei E III, Moon RE: MOPP maintenance (MM) vs (VMR) for MOPP induced complete remission (CR) of advanced Hodgkin’s disease (HD). Proc ASCO 17:300, 1976.
Durant JR, Bartolucci A, Gams RA, Dorfman RF, Velez-Garcia E: Southeastern cancer study group trials with nitrosoureas in Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer Treat Rep 60:781–787, 1976.
Fisher RI, DeVita VT, Hubbard SP, Simon R, Young RC: Prolonged disease-free survival in Hodgkin’s disease with MOPP reinduction after first relapse. Ann Intern Med 90:761–763, 1979.
Kaplan HS: Hodgkin’s disease, 2nd edn. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1980.
Goldman JM, Dawson AA: Combination therapy for advanced resistant Hodgkin’s disease. Lancet 2:1225–1227, 1975.
Lokich JJ, Frei E III, Jaffe N, Tullis J: New multiple agent chemotherapy (B-DOPA) for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 38:667–671, 1976.
Vinciguerra V, Coleman M, Jarowski CI, et al.: A new combination chemotherapy for resistant Hodgkin’s disease. JAMA 237:33–36, 1977.
Levi JA, Wiernik PH, Diggs CH: Combination chemotherapy of advanced previously treated Hodgkin’s disease with streptozotocin, CCNU, adriamycin and bleomycin. Med Pediat Oncol 3:33–40, 1977.
Porzig KJ, Portlock CS, Robertson A, et al.: Treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease with B-Cave following MOPP failure. Cancer 41:1670–1675, 1978.
Rodgers RW, Gamble JF, Loh KK, Shullenberger CC: Adriamycin, bleomycin, DIC, CCNU, and prednisone(ABDIC) chemotherapy in MOPP-resistant Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 46:2349–2355, 1980.
Warren RD, Bender RA, Norton L, Young RC: The treatment of combination chemotherapy-resistant Hodgkin’s disease with single-agent vinblastine. Am J Hematol 4:47–55, 1978.
Santoto A, Bonadonna G: Prolonged disease-free survival in MOPP-resistant Hodgkin’s disease after treatment with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD). Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2:101–105, 1979.
Case DC Jr, Young CW, Lee BJ III: Combination chemotherapy of MOPP-resistant Hodgkin’s disease with adriamycin, bleomycin, dacarbazine and vinblastine (ABVD). Cancer 39:1382–1386, 1977.
Krikorian JG, Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA: Treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and imidazole carboxamide (ABVD) after failure of MOPP therapy. Cancer 41:2107–2111, 1978.
Bonadonna G, Zucali R, Monfardino S, et al.: Combination chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s disease with adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine and imidazole carboxamide versus MOPP. Cancer 36:252–259, 1975.
Santoro A, Bonadonna G, Bonfante V, Valagussa P: Non-cross-resistant regimens (MOPP and ABVD) vs MOPP alone in stage IV Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 21:470, 1980.
Straus DJ, Myers J, Pass S et al.: The eight-drug/radiation therapy program (MOPP/ABDV/RT) for advanced Hodgkin’s disease: a follow-up report. Cancer 46:233–240, 1980.
Bonadonna G, Santoro A, Bonfante V: Salvage chemotherapy with ABVD in MOPP-resistant Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 22:522, 1981.
Johnson RE, Thomas LB, Schneiderman M, et al.: Preliminary experience with total nodal irradiation in Hodgkin’s disease. Radiology 96:603–608, 1970.
Young RC, Canellos GP, Chabner BA, et al.: Patterns of relapse in advanced Hodgkin’s disease treated with combination chemotherapy. Cancer 42:1001–1007, 1978.
Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS, Brown BW Jr: The role of adjuvant MOPP in the therapy of Hodgkin’s disease: an analysis after ten years. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Samon SE, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979, pp 119–127.
De Lena M, Monfardini S, Beretta G, et al.: Clinical trials with intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy and radiotherapy in Hodgkin’s disease. International Symposium on Hodgkin’s disease. NCI Monogr 36:403–420, 1972.
Kun LE, DeVita VT, Young RC, Johnson RE: Treatment of Hodgkin’s disease using intensive chemotherapy followed by irradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1:619–626, 1976.
Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS, Glatstein EJ, Portlock CS: Combined modality therapy of Hodgkin’s disease: a report on the Stanford trials. Cancer 42:991–1000, 1978.
Prosnitz LR, Farber LR, Fisher JJ,: Long-term remission with combined modality therapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 37: 2826–2833, 1976.
Farber FR, Prosnitz LR, Cadman ED, et al.: Curative potential of combined modality therapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 46:1509–1517, 1980.
Bonadonna G, Santoro A, Zucali R, Valagussa P: Improved 5-year survival in advanced Hodgkin’s disease by combined modality approach. Cancer Clin Trials 2:217–226, 1979.
Bergsagel D, Basco V, Bush R, et al.: Trial of MOPP alone versus MOPP and radiotherapy for advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 21:464, 1980.
Hoppe RT, Portlock CS, Glatstein E, et al.: Alternating chemotherapy and irradiation in the treatment of advanced Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 43:472–481, 1979.
Goodman R, Mauch P, Piro A, et al.: Stages IIB and IIIB Hodgkin’s Disease, results of combined modality treatment, Cancer 90:84–89, 1977.
Santoro A, Bonadonna G, Zucali R et al.: Therapeutic and toxicologic effects of MOPP vs ABVD when combined with RT in Hodgkin’s disease. Proc ASCO 22:522, 1981.
Coleman CN, Williams CJ, Flint A, et al.: Hematologic neoplasia in patients treated for Hodgkin’s disease. NEJM 297:1249–1252, 1977.
Prosnitz LR, Montalvo RL, Fischer DB: Treatment of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease: is radiotherapy alone adequate? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 4:781–787, 1978.
British National Lymphoma Investigation: Initial treatment of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease: comparison of radiotherapy with combined chemotherapy. Lancet 2:991–995, 1976.
Mauch P, Goodman R, Rosenthal DS, et al.: An evaluation of total nodal irradiation as treatment for stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 43:1255–1261, 1979.
Stein RS, Golomb HM, Diggs CH, et al.: Anatomic substages of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease: a collaborative study. Ann Intern Med 92:159–165, 1980.
Timothy AR, Sutcliffe SBJ, Lister A, et al.: The management of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6:135–142, 1980.
Hoppe RT, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS, Cox RS: Prognostic factors in pathological stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 46:1240–1246, 1980.
Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA, Glatstein E, Kaplan HS: Impact of salvage treatment on initial relapses in patients with Hodgkin’s disease, stage MIL Blood 51:825–833, 1978.
DeVita VT: The role of combined modality therapy in the treatment of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 5:913–914 (letter), 1979.
Glick JH: The role of combined modality therapy in the treatment of stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 5:914 (letter), 1979.
Grozea PN, DePersio EJ, Fisher RJ, et al.: Chemotherapy versus chemotherapy plus radiotherapy for stage III Hodgkin’s disease. Proc AACR 20:119, 1979.
Desser RK, Golomb HM, Ultmann JE, et al.: Prognostic classification of Hodgkin disease in pathologic stage III, based on anatomic considerations. Blood 49:883–893, 1977.
Levi JA, Wiernik PH: The therapeutic implications of splenic involvement in stage IIIA Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 39:2158–2165, 1977.
Stein RS, Hilborn RM, Glexner JM, et al.: Anatomical substages of stage III Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:429–436, 1978.
Hellman S, Mauch P, Goodman RL, et al.: The place of radiation therapy in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:971–978, 1978.
Moore MR, Bull JM, Jones SE, et al.: Sequential radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of Hodgkin’s disease: a progress report. Ann Intern Med 77:1–9, 1972.
Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS, Brown BW: The role of adjuvant MOPP in the therapy of Hodgkin’s disease: an analysis after ten years. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds: New York: Grune & Stratton 1979, pp 109–117.
Hoppe RT, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS, Glatstein E: The treatment of Hodgkin’s disease stage I-IIA — subtotal lymphoid irradiation vs involved field irradiation plus adjuvant MOP(P). In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds: New York: Grune & Stratton 1979, pp 137–144.
Coltman CA Jr, Fuller LA, Fisher R, Frei E: Extended field radiotherapy versus involved field radiotherapy plus MOPP in stage I and II Hodgkin’s disease. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979, pp 129–136.
Wiernik PH, Gustafson J Schimpff SC, Diggs C: Combined modality treatment of Hodgkin’s disease confined to lymph nodes: results eight years later. Am J Med 67:183–193, 1979.
Arseneau JC, Sponzo RW, Levin DL, Schnipper LR, Bonner H, Young RC, Canellos GP, Johnson RE, DeVita VT: Nonlymphomatous malignant tumors complicating Hodgkin’s disease: possible association with intensive therapy. NEJM 287:1119–1122, 1972.
Toland DM, Coltman CA, Moon TE: Second malignancies complicating Hodgkin’s disease: the Southwest Oncology Group experience. Cancer Clin Trials 1:27–33, 1978.
Krikorian JG, Burke JA, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS: Occurrence of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma after therapy for Hodgkin’s disease. NEJM 300:452–458, 1979.
Mauch P, Goodman R, Hellman S: The significance of mediastinal involvement in early stage Hodgkin’s disease. Cancer 42:1039–1045, 1978.
Hoppe RT, Coleman CN, Kaplan HS, Rosenberg SA: Hodgkin’s disease pathologic stage I-II: the prognostic importance of initial sites of disease and extent of mediastinal involvement. Proc ASCO 21:471, 1980.
Mauch P, Hellman S: Supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin’s disease: is there a role for MOPP chemotherapy in patients with bulky mediastinal disease? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6:947–949, 1980.
Coltman CA Jr, Fuller LM: Patterns of relapse in localized (stage I and II) Hodgkin’s disease (HD) following extended field radiotheraoy (EFXRT) vs involved field radiotherapy (IFXRT) plus MOPP. Blood 50:188, 1977.
Levi JA, Wiernik PH, O’connell MJ: Patterns of relapse in stages I, II, and III A Hodgkin’s disease: influence of initial therapy and implications for the future. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2:853–862, 1977.
Jones SE, Butler JJ, Byrne GE JR, Coltman CA JR, Moon TE: Histopathologic review of Lymphoma cases from the Southwest Oncology Group. Cancer 39:1071–1076, 1977.
Ezdinli EZ, Costello W, Wasser LP, Lenhard RE, Berard CW, Hartsock R, Bennett JM, Carbone PP: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group experience with the Rappaport classification of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Cancer 43:544–550, 1979.
Rosenberg SA: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma — selection of treatment on the basis of histologic type. NEJM 301:924–928, 1979.
Portlock CS: Management of the indolent non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Semin Oncol 7:292–301, 1980.
Gold G, Salvin LG, Shnider BI: A comparative study with 3 alkylating agents: mechlor-oethamine, cyclophosphamide, and uracil mustard. Cancer Chemother Rep 16:417–419, 1962.
Jones SE, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan ES, Kadin ME, Dorfman RF: Non-Hodgkin’s lympho-mas: single-agent chemotherapy. Cancer 30:31–38, 1972.
Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA: Chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: the Stanford Experience. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1049–1055, 1977.
Lister TA, Cullen MH, Beard ME, Brearley RL, Whitehouse JM, Wrigley PF, Stansfeld AG, Sutcliffe SB, Malpas JS, Crowther D: Comparison of combined and single-agent chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of favourable histological type. Br Med J 1:533–537, 1978.
Kennedy BJ, Bloomfield CD, Kiang DT, Vosika G, Peterson BA, Theologides A: Combination versus successive single agent chemotherapy in lymphocytic lymphoma. Cancer 41:23–28, 1978.
Kofman S, Perlin CP, Boesen E, et al.: The role of corticosteroids in the treatment of malignant lymphoma. Cancer 15:338–345, 1962.
Kyle RA, McParland CE, Dameshek W: Large doses of prednisone and prednisolone in the treatment of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders. Ann Intern Med 57:717–731, 1962.
Ezdinli EZ, Stutzman L, Aungst CW, et al.: Corticosteroid therapy for lymphomas and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer 23:900–909, 1968.
Hoogstraten B, Owens AH, Lenhard RE, et al.: Combination chemotherapy in lymphosarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma. Blood 33:370–378, 1969.
Luce JK, Gamble JF, Wilson HE, et al.: Combined cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone therapy of malignant lymphoma. Cancer. Cancer 38:306–317, 1971.
Coltman CA Jr, Luce JK, McKelvey EM, et al.: Chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: 10 years’ experience in Southwest Oncology Group. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1067–1078, 1977.
Bagley CM Jr. DeVita VT Jr, Berard CW, Canellos GP: Advanced lymphosarcoma: intensive cyclical combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone. Ann Intern Med 76:227–234, 1972.
Anderson T, Bender RA, Fisher RI, et al.: Combination chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: results of long-term follow-up. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1057–1066, 1977.
Bitran JC, Golomb HM, Ultmann JE, et al.: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, poorly differentiated lymphocytic and mixed cell types: results of sequential staging procedures, response to therapy, and survival of 100 patients. Cancer 42:88–95, 1978.
Benjamin RS, Wiernik PH, O’connell MJ, Chang P, Sutherland JC: A comparison of cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (COP) with nitrogen mustard, vincristine, procarbazine and prednisone (MOPP) in the treatment of nodular, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma. Cancer 38:1896–1902, 1976.
Ezdinli EZ, Costello WG, Silverstein MN, et al.: Moderate versus intensive chemotherapy of prognostically favorable non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a progress report. Cancer 46:29–33, 1980.
Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA: Combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone in advanced non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Cancer 37: 1275–1282, 1976.
Jones SE, Salmon SE, Fisher R: Adjuvant immunotherapy with BCG in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a Southwest Oncology Group controlled clinical trial. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979, pp 163–171.
Durant JR, Gams RA, Bartolucci AA, Dorfman RF: BCNU with and without cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (COP) and cycle-active therapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1085–1096, 1977.
Costello WG, Orlow E, Jennison C: Technical Report No. 116E: analysis of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group protocol EST 2474, March 1980 (personal communication William Costello).
Ezdinli EZ, Costello WG, Glick JH: Nodular non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: effect of histologic pattern and response on survival. Proc ASCO 22:516, 1981.
McKelvey EM, Gottlieb JA, Wilson HE, et al.: Hydroxyldaunomycin (adriamycin) combination chemotherapy in malignant lymphoma. Cancer 38:1484–1493, 1976.
Rodriguez V, Cabanillas F, Burgess, et al.: Combination chemotherapy (‘CHOP-BLEO’) in advanced (non-Hodgkin) malignant lymphoma. Blood 49: 325–333, 1977.
Skarin AT, Rosenthal DS, Moloney WC, Frei E: Combination chemotherapy of advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma with bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (BACOP). Blood 49:759–768, 1977.
Bodey GP, Rodriquez V, Cabanillas F, Frereich EJ: Protected environment-prophylactic anti-biotic program for malignant lymphoma: randomized trial during chemotherapy to induce remission. Am J Med 66:74–81, 1979.
Jones SE, Grozea PN, Metz EN, et al.: Superiority of adriamycin-containing combination chemotherapy in the treatment of diffuse lymphoma: a Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer 43:417–425, 1979.
Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA: No initial therapy for stage III and IV non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas of favorable histologic types. Ann Intern Med 90:10–13, 1979.
Krikorian JH, Portlock CS, Cooney DP, Rosenberg SA: Spontaneous regression of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a report of nine cases. Cancer 46:2093–2099, 1980.
Gattiker HH, Wiltshaw E, Golton DAG: Spontaneous regression in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer 45:2627–2632, 1980.
Kaufman JH, Ezdinli E, Aungst W, Stutzman L: Lymphosarcoma. Cancer 37: 1283–1292, 1976.
Ezdinli E, Pocock S, Berard CW, et al.: Comparison of intensive versus moderate chemotherapy of lymphomas: a progress report. Cancer 38:1060–1068, 1976.
Jennison C, Costello WG, Russell J: Technical Report No. 165E: analysis of maintenance phase of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Protocol EST 2474 and 3474, August, 1980 (personal communication William Costello).
Jones R, Young RC, Berard CW, et al.: Histologic progression in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: implications for survival and clinical trials. Proc ASCO 20: 353, 1979.
Risdall R, Hoppe RT, Warnke R: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: a study of the evolution of the disease based upon 92 autopsied cases. Cancer 44:529–542, 1979.
DeVita VT, Glatstein EJ, Young RC, et al.: Changing concepts: the lymphomas. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton 1979, pp 173–190.
Schein PS, Chabner BA, Canellos GP, et al.: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: patterns of relapse from complete remission after combination chemotherapy. Cancer 35:354–357, 1975.
Fuks Z, Kaplan HS: Recurrence rates following radiation therapy of nodular and diffuse malignant lymphomas. Radiology 108:675–684, 1973.
Hoppe RT, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS: The treatment of stage III-IV non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of ‘favorable’ histologic type: a randomized comparison of whole body irradiation, combination chemotherapy, and single-agent chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol 5(suppl 2): 164, 1979.
Young RC, Johnson RE, Canellos GP, et al.: Advanced lymphocytic lymphoma: randomized comparisons of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, alone or in combination. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1153–1159, 1977.
Brereton HD, Young RC, Longo DL, et al.: A comparison between combination chemotherapy and total body irradiation plus combination chemotherapy in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer 43:2227–2231, 1979.
Bonadonna G, Lattuada A, Monfardini S, et al.: Combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy in localized non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: 5-year results of a randomized study. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer II, Jones SE, Salmon SE, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton 1979, pp 145–153.
Jones SE, Fuks Z, Bull M, et al.: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas IV: clinicopathologic correlation in 405 cases. Cancer 31:806–823, 1973.
Qazi R, Aisenberg AC, Long JC: The natural history of nodular lymphoma. Cancer 37:1923–1927, 1976.
Glick, JH: Personal communication, 1980.
Ezdinli EZ, Costello WG, Icli F, et al.: Nodular mixed lymphocytic-histiocytic lymphoma: response and survival. Cancer 45:261–267, 1980.
Pangalis GA, Nathwani BN, Rappaport H: Malignant lymphoma, well-differentiated lymphocytic: its relationship with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and macroglobulinemia of Waldenstrom. Cancer 39:999–1010, 1977.
Evans HL, Butler JJ, Youness EL: Malignant lymphoma, small lymphocytic type: a clinico-pathologic study of 84 cases with suggestive criteria for intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma. Cancer 41:1440–1455, 1978.
Icli F, Ezdinli EZ, Costello W, et al.: Diffuse well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma: response and survival. Cancer 42:1936–1942, 1978.
DeVita VT Jr, Canellos GP, Chabner B, et al.: Advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, a potentially curable disease: results with combination chemotherapy. Lancet 1:248–250, 1975.
Stein RS, Moran EM, Desser RK, et al.: Combination chemotherapy of lymphomas other than Hodgkin’s disease. Ann Intern Med 81:601–609, 1974.
Durant JR, Loeb V, Dorfman R, Chan YK: 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (BCNU), cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (BCOP): a new therapeutic regimen for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Cancer 36:1936–1944, 1975.
Lenhard RE, Ezdinli EZ, Costello W, et al.: Treatment of histiocytic and mixed lymphomas: a comparison of two, three and four drug chemotherapy. Cancer 42:41–52, 1978.
Gottlieb JA, Gutterman JU, McCredie KB, et al.: Chemotherapy of malignant lymphoma with adriamycin. Cancer Res 33:3024–3028, 1973.
Elias L, Portlock CS, Rosenberg SA: Combination chemotherapy of diffuse histiocytic lymphoma with cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine and prednisone (CHOP). Cancer 42:1705–1710, 1978.
Johnson GJ, Costello WB, Oken MM, et al.: Sequential cyclophosphamide-prednisone and vincristine-bleomycin: an effective schedule-dependent treatment for advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Proc ASCO 22:517, 1981.
Schein PS, DeVita VT, Hubbard S, et al.: Bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (BACOP) combination chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Ann Intern Med 85:417–422, 1976.
Canetta R, Villa E, Musumeci R, et al.: Sequential non-cross-resistant regimens (CVP and ABP) in advanced non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Proc AACR 21:189, 1980.
Bonadonna G, Monfardini S, Villa E: Non-cross-resistant combinations in stage IV non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1117–1123, 1977.
Garrett TJ, Gee TS, Dowling MD, et al.: Cyclophosphamide-L2 protocol: a combination chemotherapeutic regimen for advanced non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Treat Rep 61:7–16, 1977.
Lister TA, Cullen MH, Brearley RB, et al.: Combination chemotherapy for advanced non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of unfavorable histology. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 1:107–112, 1978.
Levitt M, Marsh JC, DeConti RC, et al.: Combination sequential chemotherapy in advanced reticulum cell sarcoma. Cancer 29:630–636, 1972.
Berd D, Cornog J, DeConti RC, et al.: Long-term remission in diffuse histiocytic lymphoma treated with combination sequential chemotherapy. Cancer 35:1050–1054, 1975.
Cadman E, Farber L, Berd D, Bertino J: Combination therapy for diffuse histiocytic lymphoma that includes antimetabolites. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1109–1116, 1977.
Sweet DL, Golomb HM, Ultman JE, et al.: Cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate with leucovorin rescue, and cytarabine (COMLA): combination sequential chemotherapy for advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Ann Intern Med 92:785–790, 1980.
Stein RS, Collins RD, Ultmann JE: Diffuse histiocytic lymphoma: B-cell origin by Lukes-Collins criteria predicts favorable response to COMLA (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, methotrexate, leucovorin, cytosine arabinoside). Proc ASCO 21:469, 1980.
Fisher RI, DeVita VT, Hubbard SM, et al.: Pro MACE-MOPP combination chemotherapy: treatment of diffuse lymphomas. Proc ASCO 21:468, 1980.
Skarin A, Canellos G, Rosenthal D, et al.: Therapy of diffuse histiocytic and undifferentiated lymphoma with high-dose methotrexate and citrovorum factor rescue, bleomycin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, and decadron (M-BACOD). Proc ASCO 21:463, 1980.
Fisher RI, DeVita VT, Johnson BL, et al.: Prognostic factors for advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma following treatment with combination chemotherapy. Am J Med 63:177–182, 1977.
Fisher RI, Hubbard SM, DeVita VT, et al.: Prognostic factors affecting the curability of diffuse mixed, diffuse histiocytic, and diffuse undifferentiated lymphoma. Proc AACR 21:162, 1980.
Strauchen JA, Young RC, DeVita VT, et al.: Clinical relevance of the histopathological subclassification of diffuse ‘histiocytic’ lymphoma. NEJM 299:1382–1387, 1978.
MacKintosh FR, O’Neil M, Rosenberg SA: Prognostic factors in advanced histiocytic lymphoma. Proc ASCO 21:465, 1980.
Koziner B, Little C, Passe S, et al.: Treatment of advanced diffuse histiocytic lymphoma: an analysis of prognostic variables. Proc AACR 21:145, 1980.
Chen MG, Prosnitz LR, Gonzalez-Serva A, Fischer DB: Results of radiotherapy in control of stage I and II non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer 43:1245–1254, 1979.
Jones SE, Fuks Z, Bull M, et al.: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas V: Results of radiotherapy. Cancer 32:682–690, 1973.
Sweet DL, Golomb HM: The treatment of histiocytic lymphoma. Semin Oncol 7:302–309, 1980.
Sweet DL, Golomb HM, Kinzie J, et al.: Survival in localized diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Proc ASCO 21:465, 1980.
Monfardini S, Banfi A, Bonadonna G, et al.: Improved five-year survival after combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy for stage II-II non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 6:125–134, 1980.
Landberg TG, Hakansson LG, Moller TR, et al.: CVP-remission CVP-remission-maintenance in stage I or II non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas: preliminary results of a randomized study. Cancer 44:831–833, 1979.
Kushlan P, Coleman CN, Glatstein EJ, et al.: Prognostic factors in stage II diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Proc ASCO 19:337, 1978.
Glatstein E, Portlock C, Rosenberg SA, Kaplan HS: Combined modality treatment in the malignant lymphomas. In: Adjuvant therapy of cancer I, Salmon SE, Jones SE, eds. New York: North Holland, 1977, pp 545–548.
Miller TP, Jones SE: Is there a role for radiotherapy in localized diffuse lymphomas? Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 4:67–70, 1980.
Miller TP, Jones SE: The management of localized diffuse lymphomas. Curr Concepts Oncol 3:6–9, 1981.
Cabanillas F, Bodey GP, Freireich EJ: Management with chemotherapy only of stage I and II malignant lymphoma of aggressive histologic types. Cancer 46:2356–2359, 1980.
Osborne CK, Norton L, Young RC, et al.: Nodular histiocytic lymphoma: an aggressive nodular lymphoma with potential for prolonged disease-free survival. Blood 56:98–103, 1980.
Glick JH, McFadden E, Costello W: Nodular histiocytic lymphoma: factors influencing prognosis and indications for aggressive chemotherapy. Proc AACR 21:142, 1980.
Ezdinli EZ, Costello W, Lenhard RE, et al.: Survival of nodular versus diffuse pattern lymphocytic poorly differentiated lymphoma. Cancer 41:1990–1996, 1978.
Schein PS, Chabner BA, Canellos GP, et al.: Potential for prolonged disease-free survival following combination chemotherapy of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Blood 43:181–189, 1974.
Bloomfield CD, Gajl-Peczalska KJ, Frizzera G, et al.: Clinical utility of lymphocyte surface markers combined with the Lukes-Collins histologic classification in adult lymphoma. N Engl J Med 301:512–518, 1979.
Stein RS, Cousar J, Flexner JM, et al.: Malignant lymphomas of follicular center cell origin in man: III. Prognostic features. Cancer 44:2236–2243, 1979.
Neiman RS, Kim H, Mann R, Rappaport H: Malignant lymphoma poorly differentiated type diffuse: a tumor of varying histologic subtypes. Proc Int Acad Pathol (submitted), 1981.
Skarin AT, Pinkus GS, Myerowitz RL, et al.: Combination chemotherapy of advanced lymphocytic lymphoma. Cancer 34:1023–1029, 1974.
McKelvey EM, Moon TE: Curability of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer Treat Rep 61:1185–1190, 1977.
Harrison DT, Neiman PE, Sullivan K, et al.: Combined modality therapy for advanced, diffuse lymphocytic and histiocytic lymphomas. Cancer 42:1697–1704, 1978.
Nathwani BN, Kim H, Rappaport H: Malignant lymphoma, lymphoblastic: Cancer 38:964–983, 1976.
Nathwani BN, Diamond LW, Weinberg CD, et al.: Lymphoblastic lymphoma: a clinico-patholic study of 95 patients. Cancer, 1981, (in press).
Coleman CN, Cohen JR, Rosenberg SA: Adult lymphoblastic lymphoma — result of a pilot therapy protocol. Blood 57:679–684, 1981.
Brecher ML, Sinks LF, Thomas RRM, Freeman AI: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in children. Cancer 41:1997–2001, 1978.
Murphy SB and Hustu HO: A randomized trial of combined modality therapy of childhood non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Cancer 45:630–637, 1980.
Weinstein HJ, Vance ZB, Jaffe N, et al.: Improved prognosis for patients with mediastinal lymphoblastic lymphoma. Blood 53:687–694, 1979.
Wollner N, Exelby PR, Lieberman PH: Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in children: a progress report on the original patients treated with LSA-L2 protocol. Cancer 44:1990–1999, 1979.
Johnson GJ, Barnes JM, O’connell MJ, et al.: Low incidence of central nervous system relapse following chemotherapy of unfavorable histology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Proc AACR 22:195, 1981.
MacKintosh FR, Podolsky WJ, Rosenfelt FP, et al.: Central nervous system involvement in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Proc ASCO 20: 439, 1979.
Bunn PA, Schein PS, Banks PM, DeVita VT: Central nervous system complications in patients with diffuse histiocytic and undifferentiated lymphoma: leukemia revisited. Blood 47:3–10, 1976.
Young RC, Howser, DM, Anderson T, et al.: Central nervous system complications of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the potential role for prophylactic therapy. Am J Med 66:433–435, 1979.
Herman TS, Hammond N, Jones SE, et al.: Involvement of central nervous system by non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: the Southwest Oncology Group experience. Cancer 43:390–397, 1979.
Skarin AT, Zuckerman KS, Pitman SW, et al.: High-dose methotrexate with folinic acid in the treatment of advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma including CNS involvement. Blood 50:1039–1047, 1977.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Glick, J.H. (1981). Chemotherapy of Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas. In: Bennett, J.M. (eds) Lymphomas 1. Cancer Treatment and Research, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8279-6_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8279-6_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8281-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8279-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive