Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Survey and adaptive biology of halophytes in western Rajasthan, India

  • Chapter
Contributions to the ecology of halophytes

Part of the book series: Tasks for vegetation science ((TAVS,volume 2))

Abstract

Western Rajasthan (part of Indian arid zone) is located between the 24° 0′ to 30° 05′ N latitudes and 70° 0′ to 75° 42′ E longitudes, to the west of Aravalli mountains, extending up to the Thar desert of Pakistan. It covers nearly 233 100 sq km area of Rajasthan State. Like other hot deserts of the world, a considerable part of the Rajasthan desert is comprised of saline unproductive land, in the form of saline lakes, salt depressions, swamps and saline lands covered by desert wind blown sand. Such salt basins are the main characteristic feature of the hot deserts, where évapotranspiration exceeds rainfall.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agarwal, S.K. 1974. The biological spectrum of the flora of Gogunda and Prasad (Udaipur, Rajasthan). J. Biol. Sci. 17: 67–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ananda Rao, T. and Aggrawal, K.R. 1964. Ecological studies of Saurashtra coast and neighbouring islands. III. Okhamandal point to Diu Coastal areas. UNESCO, Proc. Symp. Prob. Indian Arid Zone, Jodhpur, pp. 31–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ananda Rao, T. and Mukherjee, A.K. 1972. Ecological aspects along the shores of the Burabalanga tidal estuary, Balasore district, Orissa State. Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. 76: 201–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ananda Rao, T., Shanware, P.G. and Mukherjee, A.K. 1974. Ecological studies on the coastal sand dunes and slacks in the vicinity of Digha, Midnapore district, West Bengal. Indian For. 100: 101–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beadle, N.C.W., Whalley, R.D.B. and Gibson, J.B. 1957. Studies in halophytes. II. Analytical data on the mineral constituents on three species of A triplex and their accompanying soils in Australia. Ecology 38: 340–344.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhandari, M.M. 1978. Flora of Indian Desert. Scientific Publisher, Jodhpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bharucha, F.R. and Meher-Homji, V.M. 1965. On the floral elements of the semi-arid zones of India and their ecological significance. New Phytol. 64: 330–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Black, R.F. 1956. Effect of NaCl in water culture on the ion uptake and growth of A triplex hastata L. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 9: 67–80.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Black, R.F. 1960. Effect of NaCl on the ion uptake and growth of Atriplex vesicaria Heward. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 13: 249–266.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blanford, W.T. 1876. Physical geography of the great Indian desert. Jour. Asiatic Soc. Bengal 45: 86–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blatter, E. and Hallberg, F. 1918-1921. The flora of Indian desert. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 26: 218–246; 525–551; 811–818; 968–987. 27: 40–47; 270–279; 506–519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carrodus, B.B. and Specht, R.J. 1965. Factors affecting the relative distribution of Atriplex vesicaria and Kochia sedifolia (Chenopodiaceae) in the arid zone of South Australia. Aust. J. Bot. 13: 419–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Champion, H.G. 1936. A preliminary survey of forest types of India and Burma. Indian For. Rec. 1: 1–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charan, A.K. 1978. Phytogeography of western Rajasthan. Ph.D. Thesis, Jodhpur Univ., Jodhpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charan, A.K., Sen, D.N. and Rajpurohit, K.S. 1978a. Ecocli- matic indices and évapotranspiration divisions of western Rajasthan. Trans. Isdt. Ucds. 3: 85–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Charan, A.K., Sen, D.N. and Rajpurohit, K.S. 1978b. Biological spectrum of the flora of western Rajasthan, India. Indian J. For. 1: 226–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chatterji, D. 1939. Studies on the endemic flora of India and Burma. Jour. Roy. Asiatic Soc. Bengal Sci. 5: 19–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Das, R.B. and Sarup, S. 1951. The biological spectrum of the Indian desert. Univ. Raj. Stud. Biol. Sei. 1: 36–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Jong, T.M. 1978. Comparative gas exchange and growth responses of C3 and C4 beach species grown at different salinities. J. Ecol. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaussen, H., Legris, P., Gupta, R.K. and Meher-Homji, V.M. et al. 1971. International map of vegetation and environmental conditions. Sheet Rajputana ICAR, New Dehli. Inst. Fr. Pondicherry. Trav. Sect. Sei. Tech. Inst. Francais de Pon- dicherry Hars. Ser. No. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghose, B. 1964. Geomorphological aspects of the formation of salt basins in western Rajasthan. UNESCO, Proc. Symp. Prob. Indian Arid Zone, Jodhpur, pp. 79–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghose, B. 1965. Genesis of desert plains in central Luni basin of western Rajasthan. J. Ind. Soc. Soil. Sci. 13: 123–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghose, B., Pandey, S., Singh, S. and Lai, G. 1966. Geomor- phology of the central Luni basin, western Rajasthan. Ann. Arid Zone 5: 10–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greenway, H. 1965. Plant responses to saline substrates. IV. Chloride uptake by Hordeum vulgare as affected by inhibitors, transpiration and nutrients in the medium. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 18: 249–268.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, R.K. and Saxena, S.K. 1972. Potential grassland types and their ecological succession in Rajasthan desert. Ann. Arid Zone 11: 198–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, H.C. and Churchill, E.D. 1961. The Plant Community. Reinhold Publ. Co., New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harsh, L.N. 1976. Distribution of biomass and nutrients in the ephemerals of desert ecosystem. Ph.D. Thesis, Jodhpur Univ., Jodhpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, J.A., Gortner, R.A., Lawrence, W.F. and Valentine, A.T. 1924. The osmotic concentration, specific electrical conductivity and chloride content of tissue fluids of the indicator plants of Tooele Valley. Utah J. Agri. Res. 27: 893–924.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, J.A. and Lawrence, W.F. 1917. The osmotic con-centrations of the sap of the leaves of the mangrove trees. Biol. Bull. 32: 202–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hayward, N.E. 1954. Plant growth under saline conditions. Reviews of Research on Problems of Utilization of Saline Water. UNESCO, Paris, pp. 37–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hayward, H.D. and Wadleigh, C.H. 1949. Plant growth on saline and alkali soils. Adv. Agron. 1: 1–38.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holland, T.H. and Christie, W.A.K. 1909. The origin of the salt depositions in Rajasthan. Rec. Geol. Surv. India 38: 154–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hume, W.F. 1924. Geology of Egypt, Vols. 2. Cairo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, E.A., Blackburn, G. and Clarke, A.R.P. 1956. Seasonal changes in soil salinity at Tintinara, South Australia. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 7: 20–44.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jennings, D.H. 1968. Halophytes, succulence and sodium in plants - A unified theory. New Phytol 67: 899–911.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, R.M. 1969. Soil moisture and salinity under bladder salt bush (Atriplex vesicaria) pastures in the New South Wales riverine plain. Aust. J. Exp. Agr. Anim. Husb. 9: 603–609.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi, A.J. and Iyengar, E.R.R. 1977. Germination of Suaeda nudiflora Moq. Geobios 4: 267–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, G. 1879. Sketches of the flora of Rajasthan. Indian For. 4: 226–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan, A. 1968. Delineation of different climatic zones in Rajasthan and their variability. Ind. J. Geog. 3: 33–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan, A. and Rakhecha, P.R. 1965. Potential évapotranspi-ration by Thornthwaite and Leeper’s method. Ann. Arid Zone 4: 32–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan, A. and Shankarnarayan, K.A. 1964. Criteria for the delimitation of the arid zone of Rajasthan. UNESCO, Proc. Symp. Prob. Indian Arid Zone, Jodhpur. pp. 380–387.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lachover, D. and Tadmor, N. 1965. Quantitative studies of A triplex halimus growing as plant fodder in the semiarid conditions of Israel. I - Seasonal variations in chloride content, in essential minerals and the presence of oxalates in the different parts of the plants. Agron. Trop. Paris 20: 309–322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathur, C.M. 1960. Forest types of Rajasthan. Indian For. 86: 734–739.

    Google Scholar 

  • McMahon, K.A. and Ungar, I.A. 1978. Phenology, distribution and survival of Atriplex triangularis Willd. in an Ohio salt pan. Amer. Midi Nat. 100: 1–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meher-Homji, V.M. 1962a. The bioclimates of India in relation to the vegetational criteria. Bull. Bot. Surv. India 4: 105–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meher-Homji, V.M. 1962b. Phytogeographical studies of the semi-arid regions of India. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Bombay, Bombay.

    Google Scholar 

  • Meher-Homji, V.M. 1964. Life-forms and biological spectra as epharmonic criteria of aridity and humidity in the tropics. J. Indian bot. Soc. 43: 424–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Migahid, A.M. and El-Shafei Ali, M. 1953. Osmotic pressure of plants of different ecological types. Bull, de PInst. du Desert, Cairo 3: 9–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montasir, A.H. 1938. Egyptian soil structure in relation to plants. Bull. Fac. Sci. Cairo Univ. 15: 47–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montasir, A.H. and Abd El Rahman, A. 1951. Studies on the autecology of Zygophyllum simplex L. Bull, de Inst, du Desert, Cairo 1: 35–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, R.T., Breckle, S.W. and Caldwell, M.M. 1972a. Mineral ion composition and osmotic relations of Atriplex confertifolia and Eurotia lanata. Oecologia 11: 67–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore, R.T., White, R.S. and Caldwell, M.M. 1972b. Transpiration of Atriplex confertifolia and Eurotia lanata in relation to soil, plant and atmospheric moisture stress. Can. J. Bot. 50: 1411–1418.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Leary, J.W. 1971. Physiological basis for plant growth inhibition due to salinity. In Food, Fiber and the Arid Lands, eds. W.G. McGinnies, B.J. Goldman and P. Paylore, pp. 332–336, The University of Arizona Press Tucson, Arizona.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovadia, S. 1969. Autectology of Suaeda monoica Forssk. ex Gmel. M.Sc. Thesis, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raheja, P.C. 1966. Salinity and aridity, new approaches to old problems. In Aridity and Salinity - A Survey of Soils and Land Use, ed. H. Boyko, pp. 43–127, Dr. W. Junk Publ., The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raheja, P.C. and Sen, A.K. 1964. Resources in perspective. Sov. Vol. CAZRI, Jodhpur, pp. 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S. 1980. Soil salinity and its role on phytogeography of western Rajasthan. Ph.D. Thesis, Jodhpur Univ., Jodhpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S., Charan, A.K. and Sen, D.N. 1979. Micro distribution of plants in an abandoned salt pit at Pachpadra salt basin. Ann. Arid Zone 18: 122–126.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S. and Sen, D.N. 1977. Soil salinity and seed germination under water stress. Trans. Isdt. Ucds. 2: 106–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S. and Sen, D.N. 1979. Seasonal variation in chloride ion percentage of plants and soils of Pachpadra salt basin in Indian desert. Indian J. Bot. 2: 17–23.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S. and Sen, D.N. 1980. Osmotic potentials of plants and soils of Pachpadra salt basin in Thar desert. In Arid Zone Research and Development, ed. H.S. Mann, pp. 191–198. Scientific Publ., Jodhpur.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajpurohit, K.S. and Sen, D.N. 1981. Effect of salt stress on seed germination of some desert plants. Ind. J. Bot. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Raunkiaer, C. 1934. The Life-forms of the Plants and Statistical Plant Geography. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Satyanarayan, Y. 1964. Habitats and plant communities of the Indian desert. UNESCO, Proc. Symp. Prob. Indian Arid Zone, Jodhpur. pp. 59–67.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saxena, S.K. 1977. Vegetation and its succession in the Indian desert. In Desertification and its Control, ed. P.L. Jaiswal, pp. 176–192, ICAR, New Dehli.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, D.N. and Rajpurohit, K.S. 1978. Plant distribution in relation to salinity in Indian desert. Abst. Second International Congress of Ecology, Jerusalem, p. 340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Pandey, S. and Ghose, B. 1971. Geomorphology of the middle Luni basin of western Rajasthan, India. Ann. Arid Zone 10: 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M.L. 1976. Soil water regimes and water extraction patterns under two semi-arid shrub (Atriplex spp.) communities. Aust. J. Ecol. 1: 249–258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M.L. 1982. Aspects of salinity and water relations of Australian chenopods. In Contributions to the Ecology of Halophytes, eds. D.N. Sen and K.S. Rajpurohit, pp. 155–172. Dr W. Junk Publ., The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma, M.L. Tunny, J. and Tongway, D.J. 1972. Seasonal changes in sodium and chloride concentration of saltbush (Atriplex spp.) leaves as related to soil and plant water potential. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 23: 1007–1019.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • USDA Handbook No. 60. 1954. Diagnosis of Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Faber, F.C. 1923. Zur Physiologie der Mangroven. Ber. Deut. Bot. Ges. 2: 334–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waisel, Y. 1972. Biology of Halophytes. Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waisel, Y. and Ovadia, S. 1972. Biological flora of Israel. 3. Suaeda monoica Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel. Israel J. Bot. 21: 42–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walter, H. 1961. The adaptation of plants to saline soils. UNESCO, Arid Zone Res. Salinity Problems in the Arid Zone Proc. Tehran Symp. 14: 129–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weaver, J.E. 1918. The quadrat method in teaching ecology. Plant World. 21: 267–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, J.G. 1925. The selective absorption of chlorine ions and absorption of water by the leaves of the genus Atriplex. Aust. J. Exp. Biol. Med. Sci. 2: 45–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zahran, M.A. 1982. Ecology of the halophytic vegetation of Egypt. In Contributions to the Ecology of Halophytes, eds. D.N. Sen and K.S. Rajpurohit, pp. 3–20. Dr W. Junk Publ., The Hague.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, University of Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342001, India

    David N. Sen & Kishan S. Rajpurohit

  2. Department of Geography, University of Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342001, India

    David N. Sen & Kishan S. Rajpurohit

  3. Abteilung Ökologie, Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Bielefeld, D-4800, Bielefeld, Germany

    F. W. Wissing

Authors
  1. David N. Sen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kishan S. Rajpurohit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. W. Wissing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

David N. Sen Kishan S. Rajpurohit

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague, The Netherlands

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sen, D.N., Rajpurohit, K.S., Wissing, F.W. (1982). Survey and adaptive biology of halophytes in western Rajasthan, India. In: Sen, D.N., Rajpurohit, K.S. (eds) Contributions to the ecology of halophytes. Tasks for vegetation science, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8037-2_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8037-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8039-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8037-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation